INNOVATION AND SIMULATION-BASED TEACHING TECHNIQUE IN PATHOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGY

Simulation-based learning in medicine has gained substantial importance. It is complementary to often limited clinical practice, and helps interconnect theoretical knowledge with practical training. Simulations are implicated in clinical subjects, but based on recent understanding, simulation can also be used in preclinical subjects, where it can support presented tasks. Simulation technology was used for elective practical sessions in a pathophysiology course, with both measurable outcomes and students’ feedback evaluated. This study was conducted in Slovakia with volunteers (n = 22), who were 3rd-year students of General Medicine (simulation group), paired with classmates in traditional seminars (control group; n = 22) with the same achievement grades. The control group had completed traditional seminars, whereas the simulation group had completed simulation-based seminars in cardiovascular pathophysiology. A standardized student feedback survey, visual analogue scale, and credit tests for regular pathophysiology were used to perform the analysis. Subjective feedback suggested positive outcomes in approximately 80% of students. An objective assessment showed that simulation-based seminars did not increase the theoretical knowledge as documented by 1st credit test (simulation vs control; 42 ± 6 vs 41 ± 4; p > 0.05), but rather their approach to clinical application of obtained information and motivation to study.

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Using Imagination to Overcome Fear: How Mental Simulation Nudges Consumers’ Purchase Intentions for Upcycled Food

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031130 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1130

Author(s):

Xiaoke Yang ◽

Yuanhao Huang ◽

Xiaoying Cai ◽

Yijing Song ◽

Hui Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

New Technology ◽

Product Evaluation ◽

Mental Simulation ◽

Purchase Intentions ◽

Control Group ◽

Human Beings ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Simulation Group ◽

Future Self

Upcycled food, a new kind of food, provides an effective solution to reduce the food waste from the source on the premise of food security for human beings. However, the commercial success of upcycled food and its contribution to environmental sustainability are determined by consumers’ purchase intentions. In order to overcome consumers’ unfamiliarity with upcycled food and fear of new technology, based on the cue utility theory, we adopted scenario simulation through online questionnaires in three experiments to explore how mental simulation can improve consumers’ product evaluation and purchase intentions for upcycled food. Through ANOVA, the t-test, and the Bootstrap methods, the results showed that, compared with the control group, consumers’ product evaluation and purchase intentions for upcycled food in the mental simulation group significantly increased. Among them, consumers’ inspiration played a mediation role. The consumers’ future self-continuity could moderate the effect of mental simulation on consumers’ purchase intentions for upcycled food. The higher the consumers’ future self-continuity, the stronger the effect of mental simulation. Based on the above results, in the marketing promotion of upcycled food, promotional methods, such as slogans and posters, could be used to stimulate consumers, especially the mental simulation thinking mode of consumer groups with high future self-continuity, thus improving consumers’ purchase intentions for upcycled food.

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The Impact of a New Pedagogical Intervention on Nursing Students’ Knowledge Acquisition in Simulation-Based Learning: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Nursing Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2018/7437386 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thor Arne Haukedal ◽

Inger Åse Reierson ◽

Hanne Hedeman ◽

Ida Torunn Bjørk

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Nursing Students ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Theoretical Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Test ◽

Patient Deterioration ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Impact

Simulation-based learning is an effective technique for teaching nursing students’ skills and knowledge related to patient deterioration. This study examined students’ acquisition of theoretical knowledge about symptoms, pathophysiology, and nursing actions after implementing an educational intervention during simulation-based learning. A quasi-experimental study compared theoretical knowledge among two groups of students before and after implementation of the intervention. The intervention introduced the following new components to the existing technique: a knowledge test prior to the simulation, video-recording of the performance, and introduction of a structured observation form used by students and facilitator during observation and debriefing. The intervention group had significantly higher scores on a knowledge test conducted after the simulations in comparison to the scores in the control group. In both groups scores were highest on knowledge of symptoms and lowest on knowledge of pathophysiology; the intervention group had significantly higher scores than the control group on both topics. Students’ theoretical knowledge of patient deterioration may be enhanced by improving the students’ prerequisites for learning and by strengthening debriefing after simulation.

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Positive effects of lumbar puncture simulation training for medical students in clinical practice

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02452-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sinead Gaubert ◽

Alice Blet ◽

Fadia Dib ◽

Pierre-François Ceccaldi ◽

Thomas Brock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Medical Students ◽

Success Rate ◽

Confidence Level ◽

Simulation Training ◽

Real Life ◽

Theoretical Knowledge ◽

Simulation Based ◽

Simulation Group ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Lumbar puncture (LP) is an invasive medical procedure that can be done by any doctor. Several simulation-based trainings have been built however the evaluations of the theoretical knowledge and the impact of the simulation-based training have never been performed in real life. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a LP training on the theoretical knowledge improvement and the performance of a LP in clinical practice. Methods Before and after medical students’ training, theoretical knowledge and confidence level were assessed. Over a 6 months period, the impact of simulation training was evaluated by the success rate of students’ first LP carried out in hospitalized patients and compared to the results of a no-training control. Results Students’ theoretical knowledge and confidence level showed significant improvement after simulation training on 115 students (p < 0.0001). The evaluation in real life based on 41 students showed that the success rate of the first LP in patients was higher in the LP simulation group compared to the control group (67% vs 14%, p = 0.0025). The technical assistance was also less frequently needed in the LP simulation group (19% vs 57%, respectively, p = 0.017). The rate of students who participated in this educational study was low. Discussion Simulation-based teaching was an effective way to improve students’ theoretical and practical knowledge. Whether this approach translates to other procedural skills in real clinical settings merits further study. The low participation rate in the study is due to the fact that students are not used to be included in educational studies and to the complexity of evaluation in routine clinical practice.

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Pedagogical conditions for the development of students in industrial practice

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128409017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 284 ◽

pp. 09017

Author(s):

Uygun Urinov ◽

Sevara Adizova

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Process ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Practical Training ◽

Theoretical Knowledge ◽

Practical Skills ◽

Industrial Practice ◽

Manufacturing Enterprises ◽

Experimental Works ◽

Professional Capacity

The article covers the tasks of developing practical skills of the students through cooperation between higher education institutions and manufacturing enterprises. It has been stated that practical skills are mainly formed by consolidating the acquired theoretical knowledge in the process of internship in production. There are shown purposes and processes which lead to achieve them. It has been emphasized that professional activity in students is formed by completing tasks that require complex skills. There are some recommendations for organizing and holding internship at a stand. This article is defined experimental works on progressing professional capacity in process of practical training. The changes in the evaluation process at the final stage of the production internship and the levels of mastery introduced are discussed. According to the students, the internship process in the production has intensively increased their professional and practical skills. It is stated that during the internship, students were divided into two groups and experimental work was carried out in these two groups. It is also stated that the theoretical knowledge acquired by students is intended to develop practical skills through practical training. During the internship the groups were divided into a control group and an experimental group. It is stated that the internship was organized among the students. It was noted that the practical training of students in the control groups was traditionally organized, and the internship of the experimental groups was improved.

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Training Thoracic Ultrasound Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Simulation-Based Training versus Training on Healthy Volunteers

Respiration ◽

10.1159/000509298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 34-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pia Iben Pietersen ◽

Rasmus Jørgensen ◽

Ole Graumann ◽

Lars Konge ◽

Søren Helbo Skaarup ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Simulated Patients ◽

Control Group ◽

Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽

Practical Training ◽

Performance Score ◽

Thoracic Ultrasound ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Simulation Based

Introduction: As ultrasound becomes more accessible, the use of point-of-care ultrasound examinations performed by clinicians has increased. Sufficient theoretical and practical skills are prerequisites to integrate thoracic ultrasound into a clinical setting and to use it as supplement in the clinical decision-making. Recommendations on how to educate and train clinicians for these ultrasound examinations are debated, and simulation-based training may improve clinical performance. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of simulation-based training in thoracic ultrasound compared to training on healthy volunteers. Method: A total of 66 physicians with no previous experience in thoracic ultrasound completed a training program and assessment of competences from November 2018 to May 2019. After a theoretical session in ultrasound physics, sonoanatomy, and thoracic ultrasound, the physicians were randomized into one of three groups for practical training: (1) simulation-based training, (2) training on a healthy volunteer, or (3) no training (control group). Primary outcome was difference in the clinical performance score after the training period. Results: Using a multiple comparison, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiplicity, there was no statistical significant difference between the two trained groups’ performance score: 45.1 points versus 41.9 points (minimum 17 points, maximum 68 points; p = 0.38). The simulation-based training group scored significantly higher than the control group without hands-on training, 36.7 points (p = 0.009). Conclusions: The use of simulation-based training in thoracic ultrasound does not improve the clinical performance score compared to conventional training on healthy volunteers. As focused, thoracic ultrasound is a relatively uncomplicated practical procedure when taught; focus should mainly be on the theoretical part and the supervised clinical training in a curriculum. However, simulation can be used instead or as an add-on to training on simulated patients.

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Dynamics of symptoms of genitourinary menopausal syndrome and the frequency of recurrence of lower urinary tract infection in women in periand postmenopausal patients with combined therapy with Trioginal®

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2018.6.180119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 67-72

Author(s):

D Yu Pushkar ◽

M Yu Gvozdev

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Urine Culture ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Control Group ◽

Urination Disorders ◽

Menopausal Syndrome ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Two Stages ◽

Lower Urinary

Material and methods. The study included patients (n=164) in peri- and postmenopause, having a laboratory-confirmed picture of the genitourinary menopausal syndrome - atrophic vulvovaginitis and suffering from recurrent lower urinary tract infections (UTI) - cystitis and urethritis. All patients underwent standard antibacterial therapy (ABT) UTI in accordance with the results of bacteriological urine culture according to Russian clinical guidelines on urology. Against the background of ABT, 164 patients received additional therapy with Trioginal® (the study group - SG) containing estriol, micronized progesterone and Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Doderleini 35 (LCR 35) lactobacillus strain. Trioginal® was administered intravaginally in two stages: for 20 days, 2 capsules per day, then for 10 days, 1 capsule per day. In the comparison group - CG (n=67) with ABT, Ovipol Klio® (estriol monopreparation) was additionally intravaginally used in two stages: for 14 days, 1 suppository per day, then for 2 weeks, 1 suppository 2 times a week. The control group consisted of 30 patients receiving only standard ABT UTI, local hormone therapy for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) was not performed. The observation period was 12 months after the end of the course of therapy. At all stages of treatment, a subjective and objective assessment of the severity of urination disorders and urogenital atrophy (UDI-6 questionnaire), their impact on the quality of life of patients (questionnaire IIQ-7), indicators of bacteriuria, bacterial urine culture and vaginal biocenosis, frequency of undesirable phenomena were carried out. According to the initial characteristics of the group of patients were comparable. Results. At all stages of the study, in the group of patients who received therapy with the use of the Trioginal® drug, there was a significant improvement in the clinical picture of urination disorders compared to the CG and the control (main) group - MG (in SG - 18% at the end of therapy versus 100% before the start of therapy; CG - 26 % versus 100% respectively; Ledger - 58% versus 100% respectively; p

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Relationship between uric acid and creatinine in pre-diabetic and diabetic patients: Vidarbha region of Maharashtra

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2479 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 3412-3417

Author(s):

Ranjit S. Ambad ◽

Rakesh Kumar Jha ◽

Lata Kanyal Butola ◽

Nandkishor Bankar ◽

Brij Raj Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

General Medicine ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type Ii ◽

Develop Type ◽

Low Levels

Prediabetes is a glucose homeostasis condition characterized by decreased absorption to glucose or reduced fasting glucose. Both of these are reversible stages of intermediate hyperglycaemia providing an increased type II DM risk. Pre-diabetes can therefore be viewed as a significant reversible stage which could lead to type II DM, and early detection of prediabetes may contribute to type II DM prevention. Prediabetes patients are at high risk for potential type II diabetes, and 70 percent of them appear to develop Type II diabetes within 10 years. The present study includes total 200 subjects that include 100 Prediabetic patients, 50 T2DM patients and 50 healthy individual. Blood samples were collected from the subjects were obtained for FBS, PPBS, Uric acid and Creatinine estimation, from OPD and General Medicine Wards. Present study showed low levels of Serum Uric Acid in prediabetic and T2DM patients were decreased as compared to control group, while the level of creatinine in prediabetic and diabetic were elevated as compared to control group, were not statically significant. Serum Uric Acid was high in control group and low in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Serum creatinine was declined in control group and increased in prediabetic and diabetic patients with increasing Fasting blood glucose level.

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Dental Education Challenges during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Italy: Undergraduate Student Feedback, Future Perspectives, and the Needs of Teaching Strategies for Professional Development

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9040454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 454

Author(s):

Giuseppe Varvara ◽

Sara Bernardi ◽

Serena Bianchi ◽

Bruna Sinjari ◽

Maurizio Piattelli

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Student ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Dental Education ◽

Student Feedback ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Practical Training ◽

Learning Approaches ◽

New Methods ◽

E Learning

The COVID-19 pandemic literally stopped most human movement and activities as it initially spread, which included dental practices and dental education. This defined the need for significative changes in teaching and learning with the use of “e-learning” methods, also for traineeships. This study was designed to determine the undergraduate student perception of these new methods as part of their education. This involved 353 students attending the Dental School of the G. D’Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara, from the first to the sixth years. A questionnaire in Italian and was set-up using “Google Forms” and sent by email to the students. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the first part included questions for general information, including age, sex and year of course; the second part had multiple choice questions related to their evaluation of the e-learning teaching, using a scale of opinion in the replies to each question (e.g., “scarce”, “fair”, “satisfying”, “very good” and “excellent”); and the third part included two open questions to indicate the strengths and limitations of these new teaching and learning approaches. The categorical variables in the first and second parts of the questionnaire were evaluated using Chi squared tests, setting significance at p < 0.05, while the comments were evaluated qualitatively. The student feedback showed significant appreciation (p < 0.05) of the new methods and the efforts that the lecturers put in to provide lectures of as high a quality as possible. However, a lack of practical training was significantly perceived as an important problem in the structure of their new curriculum (p < 0.05). COVID-19 has been an epic tragedy that has hit the human population not only in terms of health and healthcare, but also quality of life. This includes the quality of dental education within universities. However, the pandemic can be seen to also represent motivation to invest in the necessary technological innovation to deliver the best possible education to our future dentists.

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Objective assessment of nasal resistance among electronic cigarette users

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215121001432 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

S W Lim ◽

AB Zulkiflee

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Airway Resistance ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Control Group ◽

Nasal Airway ◽

Nasal Resistance ◽

Short Term ◽

Nasal Airway Resistance

Abstract Background Electronic cigarettes have been a popular alternative to tobacco smoking. The effect of tobacco smoking on nasal airway resistance has been investigated before; however, the effect of the aerosol generated by electronic cigarettes is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of e-cigarettes on nasal airway resistance. Methods Sixty-one participants were recruited into a vapers group and a control group. The vapers group was instructed to smoke for 5 minutes, and their nasal resistance was measured pre-procedure and at 1 and 5 minutes post-procedure. The results were compared between both groups. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that vaping has no statistically significant effect on total nasal airway resistance. Conclusion Although the differences between both groups were not statistically significant overall, the vapers group showed a reduction in nasal airway resistance in the short term.

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Effect of exergaming on wellbeing of residents in a nursing home: a single blinded intervention study

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-021-01903-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marlies Gunst ◽

Isabelle De Meyere ◽

Hannah Willems ◽

Birgitte Schoenmakers

Keyword(s):

Intervention Study ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Social Contact ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Future Research ◽

Control Group ◽

Average Intensity

Abstract Introduction To improve the quality of life in nursing homes, meaningful activities and social contact are indispensable. Exergames can play a role addressing these needs. Methods In a randomized single blinded controlled intervention study, we investigated the effect of playing exergames on general wellbeing, fun and on social interaction. Results Thirty-five residents participated: 18 residents took part in the intervention group and 17 in the control group. The median mental wellbeing score of the intervention group increased from 42/50 to 45. The median sleep score of the intervention increased from 23/30 to 28. The median pain score of the intervention group improved from 18/20 to 20. The median score on subjective cognition increased from 24/30 to 26 while the mean scores on the objective assessment decreased from 1.8/2 to 1.7. Coaches gave an average fun score of 8.9/10 and an average intensity of exercise score of 11.6/20. Residents and coaches appreciated the social contact. Coaches reported a high feasibility (average of 4.1/5) but a low accessibility and a high intensity of supervision. Conclusions Exergaming is a feasible and pleasant complement to the usual activities with a positive impact on wellbeing, sleep, pain, and perceived cognition. Future research should focus on vulnerable groups and aim to develop a study in an implementation design.

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