scholarly journals CHALLENGES IN PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH OF GHANA THROUGH VALUE ADDED EXPORTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Isaac Ibrahim ◽  
Haiyun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
The World

Ghana is endowed with natural resources such as gold, cocoa, crude oil, and other factor endowments that gives the country a comparative advantage in trade. Ghana, a low-middle income country, is the second largest producer of gold in Africa and 11th in the world, as well as the second largest exporter of cocoa in the world. With all the factor endowments and export potential however, the country exports basically raw materials with little value addition and therefore is deprived of the full benefits accruing to trade and exports.This paper employs an empirical method and applies the Ricardian Model of Comparative Advantage using available secondary data to explore the importance of exports to the economic growth of the country and certain challenges of value addition. The findings show that exports promote economic growth as well as that value addition can be beneficial in earnings and needs government attention in following the recommendations therein.  

Assessment of the positions of the exporting countries of agri-food products on the world market according to their role in global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
World Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
The World

The place in the rankings of agricultural exporting countries in world trade is estimated in terms of the volume of imports and exports of raw materials and food. However, to assess the efficiency of agricultural exports, it is important to analyze the value added of exported goods produced in the country. The position of the exporting country in global value chains is derived from the type of agricultural production, which in turn depends on the level of development of the national economy, the availability and breadth of use of modern high technologies. The article examines the concept of the development of world agriculture from the point of view of the formation of global value chains, set out in the report of the UN World Food Organization [1] in comparison with the political decisions of such countries as India and the People’s Republic of China in the development of agricultural and food exports. The paper analyzes the risks associated with the consolidation of developing countries as suppliers of agricultural raw materials, as well as the conditions and action plan that allow the country-exporter of agricultural raw materials to move to higher levels in the global value chains on the world market. This experience should be considered to make comprehensive and effective decisions on the formation of the export policy of agricultural products and food of the Russian Federation, considering the food security of the country.

scholarly journals ADDED VALUE ANALYSIS ON FRIED ONION OF UD. SAFARI BAWANG GORENG IN KELURAHAN KEBUN TEBENG BENGKULU CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Zuhardi Perdana Putra ◽  
Reswita Reswita Reswita ◽  
Irnad Irnad Irnad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
A Company

ABSTRACTAgroindustry is an agriculture based industry that has an important role in economic growth in Indonesia. One of the agricultural subsector is horticultural crops, namely onion. The need for onion consumption in Indonesia has always increased. In the Bengkulu city there is a company engaged in the industry of fried onions are "UD. Safari Bawang Goreng". This research is done with consideration of the company has long standing, big enough company, and produce about 336 kg/day. Fried onions are processed products that are processed from the main source of raw material is onion. The processed onion comes from Brebes Java. To know the process can be done by the method of observation, and participation. Processed red onion products produce added value that can be analyzed by Hayami method. The process of onion processing into fried onions consists of several stages, namely the provision of raw materials, onion gaebage, sorting, slicing onion, affixing onion with flour, frying, pressing, packaging. The process of onion treatment into fried onions is called value added. The added value obtained in this study amounted to Rp 9549.65 / Kg BB.Keywords: Fried Onion, Hayami Method, Added Value.

Covid-19 Pandemic and Severity of Economic Impacts: The Indonesian Case

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tulus Tahi Hamonangan Tambunan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Poor People ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Negative Shock

This study tends to examine the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy with the focus on economic growth, poverty, income distribution, unemployment, tourism sector, and businesses. More specifically, this study tries to answer the following two questions. First, how serious has been the negative shock of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy, especially on economic growth, employment, wages, poverty, inequality, tourism activities and businesses? Second, what were the main economic transmission channels through which the Covid-19 pandemic have caused that negative shock? It adopted an exploratory methodology with a comprehensive review of available literature, including policy documents, research papers, and reports and secondary data analysis. Data used was from the National Bureau of Statistics (BPS). It reveals that the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the Indonesian economy through four main channels: (i) declined domestic demand as a direct consequence of the "anti-Covid-19 impact" policy; (ii) declined export; (iii) declined imports of processed raw materials and auxiliary materials; and (iv) increased poor people as many employees have been laid off, or their wages were cut. As a result, the country's economy experienced a growth contraction of 2.07 percent, the number of foreign tourists visited Indonesia dropped significantly, the unemployment rate as well as the percentage of poor people increased, the Gini ratio experienced an increase, and many companies have suffered huge losses, especially in the tourism sector and also those whose businesses were very dependent on this sector such as transportation and food and beverage companies, as well as hotels and other accommodation provider companies.

scholarly journals FDI Environment in China: A Critical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Manuel Fernandez ◽  
Aysha Abdulla Ahmed Aljeed Alnuaimi ◽  
Robinson Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Market Efficiency ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
The World

Investors prefer to invest in assets and places that offer attractive returns and are relatively less risky. China is one of the countries with the highest economic growth and is trying to attract investors from all corners of the world to invest and participate in the growth of China. The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the position of China as a destination for FDI, the factors that attract FDI into China, and the factors that hinder the flow of FDI into China. It also proposes to examine whether the attractiveness of China is increasing or is it on the decline and the rationale behind it. This study is based on secondary data, covers a period of five years, and analysis various determinants of FDI. The study reveals that China has the potential, political stability, and an organized financial system, but its market has started to shrink as the population growth is declining, the labor cost is increasing, labor market efficiency is decreasing, economic growth and infrastructure developments are decelerating, and corporate and individual tax rates are high.

Analyzing the trade competitiveness of Indian coconut sector in the liberalization regime

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
S. Jayasekhar ◽  
K.P. Chandran ◽  
C. Thamban ◽  
D. Jaganathan ◽  
K. Muralidharan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Value Added ◽  
World Market ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
The World ◽  
Value Added Products

<p>Coconut export sector in India of late gained an outward orientation, especially since the Coconut Development Board was elevated to the status of export promotion council in the year 2009. In the recent period, the growth rate experienced in the coconut based value added products has been stupendous. Since there is an attempt for global value chain up-gradation at the production node of the sector, it is imperative to analyse our strengths in the world market in comparison with the major competitors. We have used the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) methodology to analyse India’s competitiveness in the exports of major coconut value added products traded across the world. The study revealed that, as far as the coconut value added products are concerned, India is comparatively a very small player with paltry export market shares. The analysis of RCA revealed that comparative advantage of India is lower than the major coconut exporting countries like Philippines, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. The Philippines is the dominant player with highest RCA indices in most of the coconut value added product lines. The study suggests the need to formulate plausible strategies to reach the overseas market and capture the optimal share in market segments. Though we have a strong domestic market base, it is an indubitable fact that in the near future due to the evolving trade agreements even in the domestic sector we may confront fierce price competition from the overseas imports. Hence we need to chalk out modalities and execution plans to elevate our export competitiveness and comparative advantage.</p>

scholarly journals Measurement of Global Competitiveness of Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFPs): The Case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadir Ersen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The World ◽  
Paint Industry ◽  
Day By Day

Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) contribute economically to all countries in the world and they are an important source of income, especially for people living in or near the forest. They are also used in many sectors such as medicine, chemistry and paint industry. In this respect, the importance of NWFPs is increasing day by day. In this research, the comparative advantage of NWFPs of Turkey was analyzed. It was used revealed comparative advantage (RCA), relative trade advantage (RTA), and revealed competitiveness (RC) in the analysis of research. The research is based on secondary data and was used for 2008-2019 period. As a result, Turkey has a strong competitiveness in NWFPs between years 2008 and 2019. When non-wood forest products are examined at subgroup level, Turkey has a comparative advantage in 8 product groups. Key words: NWFPs, comparative advantage, trade; exports

scholarly journals The Role of Entrepreneurship Activity in Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Jaymin Sanchaniya ◽  
◽  
Ineta Geipele ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
General Expectation ◽  
Different Levels

The paper presents a summary of the literature on the significance and importance of entrepreneurship to economic growth and development. Entrepreneurship has been shown to have been seen to lead to an overall optimistic development in many economic data. There is a general expectation that this inquiry would address the question of whether there is a correlation between the entrepreneurial enterprise and economic growth. In countries with various economic groups, different citizens are classed due to how much wealth they have. The data used in this paper were extracted from the World Bank, the World Entrepreneurship Monitor (WEM) over the last five years, and the World Economic Forum has a Database of Worldwide businesses. However, in low-middle- and middle-income nations, growth-oriented entrepreneurship is associated with economic progress. Analysis of various countries and different levels of economic growth, so it can be claimed that entrepreneurship serves a special position.

scholarly journals Role of Value Added Tax in Total Tax Revenue: An Empirical Study of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ananta Raj Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

This paper examines the role of Value Added Tax (VAT) in total tax of Nepal. Tax is the main sources of government revenue. There are different kinds of tax systems used in the world. The concept of VAT had been introduced in 1919 A D from Germany as a new concept of indirect tax system of the world. VAT system have introduced from 1995 A D in Nepal. The specific objectives are to analyse the trend of VAT and to examine the correlation between VAT with total revenue and total tax revenue in Nepal. This study is based on secondary data, which are incorporated from the Ministry of Finance and other related government as well as non-government organizations. Both analytical and descriptive statistics are applied as methods in this study. At the process of data analysis some statistical tools like regression, correlation, etc. are used. The study shows that VAT has significant percentage in total revenue and total tax revenue in Nepal. There are more than 99 present variations due to VAT in total revenue, total tax revenue and indirect tax revenue. All these relationship are significant as r >6 PEr everywhere. Thus, VAT has significant contribution in government revenue of Nepal. But the system of VAT must be improved to increase its effectiveness through the government policy level and increase awareness tax payers about baling system of VAT.

Long-Run Economic Growth: Stagnations, Explosions and the Middle Income Trap

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-458
Author(s):  
Robert C. Shelburne
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
Middle Income Trap ◽  
Additional Point

This paper explores the empirics of long-run economic growth by studying the pattern of growth for every country in the world between 1950 and 2015. Special emphasis is placed on ascertaining how the pattern of growth has changed over the last 65 years and how growth is related to the level of development. The analysis identifies historical time periods when growth stagnated or exploded and the levels of development where growth has a tendency to either stagnate or explode. Studying these growth episodes provides a number of insights into the question as to whether or not there is such a thing as a middle income trap. Although there are economies at every level of development that have stagnated for long periods, this study finds no evidence that this is systematically or uniquely related to middle income economies. An additional point of emphasis of this study is to highlight how the inclusion or exclusion of the former planned economies of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union affect these results; and likewise how China’s exceptional performance affects these results. Generally it is found that because of the size and extraordinary performance (both good and bad) of China and the Economies in Transition (EiT), that excluding them from the sample has a quite significant effect on estimates of global long-run growth and trends regarding growth over time and by income level.

IMPACT OF CAPITAL MARKET REFORMS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: The Nigerian Experience

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
OKE MICHAEL OJO ◽  
ADEUSI S.O.
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of capital market reforms on the Nigerian economic growth between 1981 and 2010. The prevailing challenges in the World financial markets; especially the capital market justifies the various forms of reforms going on around the World. The ordinary least square method of regression and the Johansen co-integration analysis were employed to analyse the secondary data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, the Nigeria Stock Exchange Fact book and the Nigeria Security and Exchange Commission Reports. The results show that capital reforms positively impact the economic growth. The study recommends among others that government should objectively evaluate enacted laws and reforms agenda in a manner that will enhance economic growth rather than considering political issues before embarking on reforms.

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