scholarly journals National motives and intercultural communication in the works of art by V. Korolenko

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
O. M. Vecherok ◽  
◽  
I. M. Iotova ◽  
N. M. Madzhar ◽  
S. A. Skalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Local Dialect ◽  
Heroic Epic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Xix Century

The article explores national motives (Ukrainian, Jewish, Yakut), which are found in the stories, essays and novels of V. Korolenko, and the problem of the intercultural communication that takes place in his works. Ukraine, namely the Volyn region, the second half of the XIX century, where the childhood of the future writer took place, is described in his works. Korolenko acquaints readers with the bright pages of its history, cultural traditions, customs, peculiarities of life, uses folklore sources, in particular, the heroic epic and mythology. The material for the analysis was the stories „Without a tongue”, „Children of the dungeon”, „The forest is noisy”. In particular, the story „Without a tongue” is full of characteristic ethnographic realities of Polissya village: Ukrainian houses under thatched roofs, features of religion due to the interaction of Catholicism and Orthodoxy, the specifics of the local dialect and even clothing. In the course of the study, the synthesis of Ukrainian, Polish and partly Jewish cultures, characteristic of this cultural and historical locus. Jewish motifs are widely represented: historical plots („Legends of Flora, Agrippa and Menachem, son of Yehuda”); cultural and religious identity of the Jewish people, language, clothing, characteristics of life, etc. (the story „The Mendel Brothers”; traditional holidays and elements of folklore (the image of Hapun in the story „Judgment Day (Yom Kippur”)). There are Yakut national motives: descriptions of the life of the local population, local traditions and customs, the specifics of religious ideas, which are a synthesis of Christianity and paganism (the story „Dream of Makar”) In V. Korolenko’s „Siberian stories”. The proposed exploration, with the selection and analysis of national motives in the most famous works of V. Korolenko, opens opportunities for further study of the writer’s work in this context, in particular, in the autobiographical novel „History of my contemporary”.

scholarly journals THE QUESTION OF THE PRECONDITIONS OF THE STRUGGLE OF THE MOUNTAINEERS OF THE NORTH-EASTERN CAUCASUS IN THE 20 - 50 YEARS OF THE XIX CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M R Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The Article examines the preconditions of the struggle of the mountaineers Sevres-Eastern Caucasus in the 20-50-ies of the XIX century On the basis of analysis of sources and existing literature reveals the principal causes of the struggle of the mountaineers against the colonial policy of tsarism and the local rulers. It stresses that the dissatisfaction of the highlanders was caused by construction on arable land fortresses, device the so-called fortified lines with the Cossack settlements, permanent mobilization of the local population to build roads, fortresses, requirements, burdensome taxes and the heavy duties and activities assigned to mountain communities and possession of the king's officers and the commandant of managers to intervene in the internal life of the highlanders. The article talks about the brutal repression used by the Royal officials in relation to the unhappy mountaineers - the burning of entire villages, destruction of crops and grain reserves, the destruction of the gardens - all this aroused the indignation of the mountaineers and led to the struggle against tsarist oppression and local feudal lords. The article is subjected to criticism the concept of M. M. Bliev, if the mountaineers lived by raids on their neighbors. His thesis is that in the first half of the nineteenth century the mountaineers have experienced a period of expansion of tribal relations, not only clarifies the issue of their struggle in the 20-50 years of the XIX century, but also confuses the history of the peoples of the region. The publication highlights how local authorities based on the Royal arms, brutally oppressed rank and file of the highlanders, were taken from their last horse or bull, the last under the grain in the tax bill. The article presents material about the ill-treatment of Aslan-Khan Kyurinsky and the other lords with their subordinates. The feudal lords levied a population with taxes and duties at its discretion, enriched by direct robbery. Therefore, according to the article, the idea of anti-colonial protest in the minds of the highlanders were merged with the anti-feudal aspirations.

“Russian Club” as a method of linguocultural adaptation of foreign students in the language environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Elena M. Miloserdova ◽  
Tatyana V. Samorodova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Student Association

The features of extracurricular work with foreign students in the format of meetings of the student association “Russian Club” are considered. The main goals, objectives and principles on which the classes are based are indicated. The most effective forms of extracurricular work are described, including intercultural communication training, master classes, project activities and educational excursions. We describe the traditional events held within the framework of this student association. The outline of the organization and holding of the meeting dedicated to the celebration of the Old New Year in Russia is presented. Brief information about the history of this holiday is given. All stages of the preparation and conduct of various competitions and festive tasks are considered in detail from a methodic and organizational standpoint, aimed for in-depth introduction of students into the meaning of the phenomena being studied and their authentic introduction to Russian national cultural traditions. The work is addressed to teachers of Russian as a foreign language.

scholarly journals Rebellion of the Righteous: Jesuit Partisanship for Jews

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-255
Author(s):  
James Bernauer
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This essay rescues the memory of Jesuit partisanship for Jews and Judaism from a widespread indifference, both scholarly and popular. This memory complicates a long history of Jesuit hostility to Jews and is at the source of a new inter-religious identity for Jesuits. Jesuit rescuers of Jews during the period of the Holocaust crossed traditional borders in embracing a reverence and respect for Jews and Judaism. Both German Jesuit and French Jesuit resistance to Nazism are examined. The Jesuit righteous and resisters formed a spiritual alliance with such important scholars as Augustin Cardinal Bea, Joseph Bonsirven and Henri de Lubac. The witness of the former and the scholarship of the latter prepared the way for the April 24, 1960 petition from the Jesuit Biblical Institute in Rome that requested a declaration on the Jewish People from the Vatican Council, the first institution to make such an appeal to the council fathers. The council’s adoption of Nostra aetate with its reshaping of the relationship between Catholics and Jews was one of the most significant outcomes of this rebellion of the righteous.

scholarly journals ESTONIANS IN THE SOVIET EVACUATION IN THE SOUTH URALS DURING WORLD WAR II

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-687
Author(s):  
Marina Nikolaevna Potemkina ◽  
Tatiana Grigoryevna Pashkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
South Urals ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Work

The mythologization of history and presence of unexplored aspects in the history of Estonia during the Second World War period prevent the establishing good-neighbourly relations and partnership between Russia and Estonia. Estonians’ life in the evacuation in the Urals is a ‘blank spot’ in the historiography. The article is based on the archival documents and sheds light on the situation of people evacuated from Estonia to the South Urals in the period 1941-1944. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the evacuees’ composition is provided. The difficulties of Estonians’ adaptation in the Soviet rear are elicited. It is concluded that Estonians had the same problems as all evacuees in the USSR. Besides, their situation was worsened by the linguistic barrier, the level of poverty in the Urals in comparison with Estonia, impossibility to lead traditional work, the ignorance of the Soviet laws, the abhorrence of the Soviet system among parts of the evacuees. The problems arising between the locals and Estonian evacuees were caused by the differences in everyday practices and historical and cultural traditions, and not the national or religious identity. The short-term stay of Estonians in the Urals could not lead to cultural or linguistic assimilation.

scholarly journals On the question of agrarian, administrative and judicial reform in the Kurin Khanate in the XIX century

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
R. A. Bogdanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Rural Government ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The article is devoted to information on the history of the Kurin Khanate and Dagestan, especially in the XIX century, about the orders that reigned in the khanates, about the mountain rulers and their power. Along with administrative reforms, tsarism also implemented judicial reform in the North Caucasus, which was completely subordinated to the interests of Russia and its policies in the region. This reform was carried out, gradually replacing the centuries-old judicial system in Cure, based on customary law. The reform of the rural government occupies a prominent place in the administrative reform of the Dagestan region. The need for its implementation stemmed from the need to create a unified system of rural administration: rural (aul) public administration was the lowest step of the administrative ladder. The main issues of the social life of rural society were solved by the village (aul) assembly. Administrative-territorial transformations of the 60-70s of the XIX century were practically aimed at strengthening control over the local population.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Collaboration in Ukraine and West Europe during World War Two: Comparative Analysis of English and German Historiography

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World War ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Xix Century

The problem of collaboration in Nazi-occupied Ukraine and Western Europe by Germany and its allies is discusses in this article. It is emphasized that almost 75 years after the end of World War II, discussions on this issue have not stopped yet, which intensified after Western historians proved the futility of the efforts of a number of politicians to present a number of nations as exclusively victims of the invaders. Some examples of such attempts made by Charles de Gaulle in France are cited in the article. Analysis of English- and German-language historiographical sources of the late XX – early XXI centuries testifies that the authors deviate from the «black and white» opposition of the «collaboration-resistance» ligament and prove that there were a lot of «gray zones» in it. We are also talking about those varieties of the occupation regime that inevitably predetermined the scale and forms of collaboration and its impact on the society. The history of the appearance of the interpretation of the «collaboration» concept starting with the XIX century and its political and emotional interpretation during World War II is considered. It is proved that in almost all European countries including Ukraine the number of active collaborators that is individuals who collaborated with the occupiers on an ideological basis remained small. The vast majority of citizens adapted to the situation choosing the model of behavior that corresponded to their moral and ethical qualities. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the motives of collaboration, the spectrum of which was very diverse. In addition it is very difficult to establish the true reasons for cooperation with the occupiers because the collaborators understood well the attitude towards them in the society and therefore disguised themselves. The conclusion of the authors of monographs and articles is unequivocal: the occupation regime in Ukraine and in the countries of Western Europe differed significantly in character especially in terms of cruelty and cynicism. It has been established that helpfulness or passive helpfulness was characteristic for most Western Europeans. Neither resistance nor active cooperation with the occupiers was equally undesirable for them. It is noted that the attempts to selectively read the past still do not stop which is unacceptable from the point of view of the true memory of World War II. The conclusion that the collaboration is more beneficial for the occupiers cannot be an excuse for hiding the facts of cooperation with the occupiers of the local population.

scholarly journals The experience of intercultural communication between Russian refugees and Filipinos on Tubabao Island, 1948-1951

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-587
Author(s):  
Charie Ann Cabides-Padullo
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Philippine Island ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Russian Immigrants ◽  
History Of

The article examines the history of Russian immigrants on the Philippine Island of Tubabao, where they fled from China in 1948 to avoid repatriation to the USSR. The refugees lived on the island for four years, a period the local population remembers as Tiempo Russo. The authors goal was to examine how Filipinos saw the Russians by interviewing older islanders who had had direct contacts with the emigrants. The survey focused on three topics: 1) Fears of the Russians when they arrived on the island; 2) Formal and informal social means of communication between natives and Russians; 3) The level of respondents' trust in Russian refugees. The interviews revealed that the large number of refugees (6,000) who arrived on the island initially aroused apprehension among the local population. However, the Russians good behavior, friendliness and openness eventually dispelled all fears. The Russians and the islanders developed stable links as they bartered products and carried out leisure activities together, among others. At the same time, the islanders were introduced to Russian everyday culture: playing the piano, watching movies, drinking alcohol (coconut wine). In general, the local population saw their temporary positive effects. They made an impression as open, friendly, hospitable people, who loved to drink and treat others very well.

scholarly journals Ancient Artifacts of Mariinsk Forest-Steppe: First Evidence and Early Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-594
Author(s):  
P. V. German
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Mining Engineer ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Archaeological Artifacts ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Systematic Field

Mariinsk forest-steppe boasts the biggest concentration of archaeological artifacts in Kuzbass. It is in this region that the first systematic field works were organized by Kemerovo archaeologists in 1950s. Previously, the ancient past of Mariinsk forest-steppe had remained a total mystery, unlike the well-explored border territories of High Ob area and Minusinsk hollow. The present article sums up all official and unpublished data on the archaeological artifacts found in North-Eastern Kuzbass in XIX century. The author links the works by I. P. Aspelin, D. A. Klements, I. P. Kuznetsov (Krasnoyarskiy), and F. R. Martin to the history of archaeological research of Mariinsk forest-steppe. The paper introduces some previously unknown archive materials that prove the interest of the local population to the ancient sites. It also describes the first ideas about the local archeology that shaped in the late XIX century. The study focuses on G. O. Ossovski who was the first to conduct an archaeological exploration and excavation in Mariinsk forest-steppe in 1895–1896, while the mining engineer P. K. Yavorovsky was the first to put value on the historical and geographical role that the region had in ancient times.

scholarly journals Rotary Millstones of the 9th–11th Centuries from the Excavations of the Mangup Princely Palace

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Valentin Gantsev
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
The Difference

Introduction. By the results of excavations of the Palace of Principality of Theodoro (1425–1475), a number of architectural and archaeological sites of the pre-palace and post-palace times were revealed. The cultural layer of the middle 9th–11th centuries in the history of Mangup settlement is quite expressive in the Palace complex. The find of three rotary millstones in this layer testifies the connection of local population with farming. Methods. The study is based on a comparative analysis of medieval rotary millstones of the 9th–11th centuries, which were found on the territory of the Palace of Principality of Theodoro and synchronous monuments of the Crimea and the Khazar Kaganate. Analysis. Millstones from excavations of the Palace are assigned to group I, according to the classification of R.S. Minasyan; according to the typology developed by V.K. Mikheev, one millstone is from type IIA2, the other two are from type IA1. Two millstones opened in a single complex allow to reconstruct a mill device based on the use of manual force. By means of a rotary rod attached at one end to a beam or ceiling, and the other to a side bearing attached to a handstone, the latter was given a rotational movement; the questone was not movable. The gap between millstones was regulated by a thrust bearing; the pivot fixed in the lower millstone centered the slider. The search of analogies to the Mangup millstones on synchronous Crimean monuments is difficult due to the insufficient publication of this category of artifacts (visual similarities are traced with the millstones discovered during excavations of Tepsen, settlements of the Baydarskaya valley, Kyz-Kermen). Results. A comparison with the millstones of the Saltovo-Mayak culture demonstrates the difference in the design of the mill device. Most of the upper millstones discovered in the Saltovo-Mayak settlements have a special recess (sometimes more than one) for a short lever-handle, which makes them more mobile in contrast to the millstones found in the Crimea, the design of which is based on the use of a rotary rod. This fact allows us to talk about different economic and cultural traditions. In addition, millstones could serve not only for grain processing, but also for grinding legumes and oil.

scholarly journals The policy of imperial acculturation of the northern Kazakh steppes population (mid XVIII-XIX centuries): phenomenon of the Orenburg Kyrgyz school

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-194
Author(s):  
Anton Vladislavovich Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policy ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Kazakh Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

This paper covers the main issues of the educational policy of the Russian Empire in the XVIII-XIX centuries in relation to the northern Kazakh steppes population. Examples of peaceful interaction of Russian settlers with the local Kazakh population are considered through the prism of cultural and educational influence, which was expressed at the basis of a number of educational institutions for the foreigners of the northern Kazakh steppes. The significance of the educational and cultural integration of the local population into the Russian society is revealed. The main aspects of the educational policy of the Russian Empire are investigated on the factual material of Russian-foreign schools. The problems of acculturation of the local population and ways to solve them in the works of contemporaries and direct participants in these events are given. Archival materials telling about the history of the educational institution - the Orenburg Kyrgyz School are introduced into scientific circulation. The work of the Orenburg Kyrgyz School is considered, which implied cultural and educational acculturation of the Kazakh population in the middle of the XIX century. The author also reveals the reasons for changing the educational and cultural orientations of the school at different periods of its existence, the results of its work and its role in the process of non-Russian peoples integration into the unified sociocultural space of the Russian Empire.

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