scholarly journals Cardioprotective Effect of Ajwa Date Aqueous Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1521-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaad F. Sabbah ◽  
Fawzia Alshubali ◽  
Othman A. S. Baothman ◽  
Mazin A. Zamzami ◽  
Lobna Shash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents to treat several malignancies. However, the clinical use of DOX is seriously restricted due to its acute and chronic cardiotoxic side effects This study investigated the protective effect of (Ajwa) date aqueous extract (AJDAE) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Sixty Wister albino male rats (150-200 gms.) were comprised in our study and divided into six equal groups: group I (untreated control), group II, group III, rats were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively, for 4 weeks, rats of groups IV, V and VI were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg.bw) at the end of the 4th week of the study to induce cardiotoxicity, rats of groups V & VI were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively. Cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, SOD, GR, GST, GPx, CAT and MDA in rats’ hearts homogenate, urinary 8OHdG as well as DNA integrity and histopathological changes were investigated in all studied rats.Oral administration of AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) attenuated the cardiotoxicity of DOX, improved the cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, reduced the urinary 8OHdG and prohibited the depletion of endogenous antioxidants and suppressed lipid peroxidation (MDA). Moreover, AJDAE enhanced DNA integrity. Histological findings showed that AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) administration reduced cardiomyocytes alterations, congestion, edema and the intense cellular stress exerted on myocardial fibers as well as restored the cardiomyocytes architecture. Our data showed that AJDAE obviously resulted in protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rat’s heart. It can be concluded that Ajwa date offers a considerable protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ROLE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS AGAINST TRICHLOROACETATE-INDUCED TOXICITY IN LIVER OF MALE RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Medhat Mostafa Abozid ◽  
Hoda Ea Farid
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Group I ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

 Objective: The current study was designed to estimate the potential protective role of the aqueous extract of rosemary (AER) (Rosmarinus officinalis) against trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-created hepatotoxicity in male albino rats.Methods: Forty male albino rats were separated into four groups of ten: Group I served as control; Group II was given AER (200 mg/kg/day) by gavage; Group III received TCA at the dose 50 mg/kg/day, and Group V was treated with AER (200 mg/kg/day) and received TCA (50 mg/kg/day). The experiment was carried out for 2 months.Results: The toxicity of TCA for rats was revealed by an elevation in liver marker enzymes activities (gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) and conjugated bilirubin (CB) level, and a decrease in albumin and total protein (TP) levels. The TCA administration also caused a significant increase in the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and also malondialdehyde (MDA) level in liver tissues. These biochemical effects were accompanied by histological indicators of liver damage. Treatment with ARE recovered the liver damage instigated by TCA, as showed by perfection of liver enzyme markers (GGT, ALT, AST, ALP), CB, TP and albumin; as well as antioxidant parameters (CAT, SOD, GPx) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) and amelioration of histopathology changes in the liver tissues.Conclusion: It could be concluded that AER supplementation for 2 months in TCA-induced toxicity in rats benefited hepatic antioxidant status and improved liver injury and damage in male albino rats exposed to TCA.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Chronic Immobilization Stress on Testis

ISRN Urology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsah Bitgul ◽  
Isil Tekmen ◽  
Didem Keles ◽  
Gulgun Oktay
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Stress Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stress Application ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effects of resveratrol, a strong antioxidant, against possible negative effects of chronic immobilization stress on testes of male rats histochemically, immunohistochemically, ultrastructurally, and biochemically. Material and Methods. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n=7). Group I, control group (C), was not exposed to stress. Group II, stress group (S), was exposed to chronic immobilization stress. In Group III, low dose resveratrol + stress group (LRS), rats were given 10 mg/kg/day resveratrol just before the stress application. In Group IV, high dose resveratrol + stress group (HRS), rats were given 20 mg/kg/day resveratrol just before the stress application. For chronic immobilization stress application animals were put in the plastic tubes (6 cm in diameter, 15 cm in length) during 32 days for 6 hours. All animals were sacrificed 18 hours after the last stress application. Results. Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations showed that in stress group there was germ cell deprivation in seminiferous tubules and increase of connective tissue on interstitial area. No significant changes were seen in low and high dose resveratrol groups. After immunohistochemical investigations, TUNEL (+) and Active Caspase-3 (+) cells were increased in seminiferous tubules of stress group compared with those control group, but they were decreased in low and high dose resveratrol groups. According to biochemically results, MDA, GSH, and testosterone levels in stress group showed no significant difference when compared with those of the other groups. Conclusion. The chronic immobilization stress increases oxidative stress and apoptosis and causes histological tissue damages; resveratrol can minimize the histological damage in testes significantly.

scholarly journals Assessment the Genotoxic Potential of Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline at Maximum Therapeutic Doses for Four-Week Treatment in Experimental Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Imad A. Al-Obaidi ◽  
Nada N. Al-Shawi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydrochloride Solution

Abstract At any moment, the continuous usage of medications can accompanied by DNA damage and the accumulation of such damages can cause serious consequences. Antidepressants are long-term used drugs and the incidence of their genotoxic impacts cannot be excluded. Therefore, this work was designed to investigate the possible genotoxic effects of the commonly used antidepressants (fluoxetine and amitriptyline) in adult male rats. Detection of DNA damage in individual cells was assessed by comet and micronucleus assays in three different cell populations i.e. liver, testis and bone marrow tissues of 24 swiss albino adult male rats. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of 8 rats each: Group I - rats orally-administered distilled water via gavage tube for four weeks as a negative control. Group II - rats orally-treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride solution (7.2mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. Group III - rats orally-treated with amitriptyline hydrochloride solution (27mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. The results showed that both drugs (Group II and Group III) induced the same extent of DNA damage, as evidenced by a significantly higher DNA fragmentation in liver and testis tissues with increased frequencies of micronuclei formation in bone marrow tissues as compared with the negative control (Group I). These findings indicates that both Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline have genotoxic potentials and can induce the same extent of cytogenetic damage in rats. Special precautions and medical supervision should be taken in consideration with their uses.

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Costus afer Stems on the Liver and Cardiac Enzymes Activities of High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Anyiam C. Chioma ◽  
Anyiam. C. Albert ◽  
Essien, E. Bassey ◽  
Danladi G. Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Group I ◽  
Costus Afer

Aim: The present study was carried out on the effect of aqueous extract of Costus afer stems on the liver and cardiac enzymes activities of diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methodology: Wistar albino male rats (100-135g) were randomly distributed into 7 groups of 12 rats each. Group I was fed with standard diet as normal control rats and all the other groups were fed with high fat diet (10g eggyolk/day) for 2 weeks. The plant extract was administered orally at different concentrations of 400, 800 and 1600mg/kg b.w alone and also in combination with the reference drug, Atorvastatin® (0.26mg) to the treatment groups for four weeks.  The liver and cardiac enzymes activities were observed at specific intervals (2 weeks). Results: Results showed a significant (p<0.05) difference in the plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities after two weeks of feeding with egg yolk supplemented diet in all the test groups when compared with the normal and hyperlipidemic control rats. After 2 and 4weeks treatment, there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the plasma AST, ALT and ALP activities of rats in groups IV, V and VII when compared with the normal and hyperlipidemic control rats (groups I and II). There was also a significant (p<0.05) difference in the creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity of all the test groups when compared with the normal control rats after feeding with high fat diet for 2 weeks. After 2 and 4weeks of treatment, rats in groups III, IV and VI (HTR on atorvastatin, 0.26mg, HTR on aqueous extract, 400 mg/kg and 1600 mg) significantly decreased when compared with the normal and hyperlipidemic control rats. Conclusions: Hence, this shows that Costus afer stem extract may prevent hepatocyte injury or also maybecardioprotective against myocardial injury.

Effect of Visual Experience on Spatial Learning of Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Visual information acquired through observation plays a pivotal role in learning a movement pattern and motor control. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of visual deprivation on learning in rats. Methods: The study sample consisted of 12 male rats, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of four rats and was considered the control group. Transection of the two optic nerves was performed on rats of group II on the seventh day after birth and group III on the seventh week after birth to develop the early blind and late blind models, respectively. A T-shaped maze device was utilized to evaluate the learning behavior of rats. Rats of groups II and III were blinded by the optic nerve surgery. In total, 20 trials per day were conducted for nine consecutive days, in which the time and number of correct arm entries were recorded. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the results in SPSS software (version 16.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the number of correct arm entries on days one, three, and seven (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the three groups regarding how long it took them to enter the target box on days two and three (P<0.05). Group III had a lower number of entries to the target box and it took them a significantly longer time to enter the target box, compared to the other groups. Conclusion: According to the results, visual deprivation may affect the learning of rats during the early days; however, their learning levels increased over the following days. Moreover, the early blinded rats had a higher level of learning than the lately blinded adult rats and the same level of learning as that of the sighted adult rats.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals Carvacrol prevents methotrexate-induced renal oxidative injury and renal damage in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Bozkurt ◽  
Serda Em ◽  
Pelin Oktayoglu ◽  
Gul Turkcu ◽  
Hatice Yuksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of carvacrol (CAR) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced renal damage in rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into three groups: group I, control treatment; group II, MTX-treated; and group III, MTX+CAR-treated. A single dose of CAR (73 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to group III on the first day of the experiment and a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to groups II and III on the second day of the experiment. Blood samples and kidney tissue were obtained from each animal on day 8 for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Light microscopy was used for histopathological examination of kidney specimens. Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels were significantly greater in the group receiving MTX alone relative to the control animals, while the TAS level was significantly reduced in the MTX group compared with the control group. The administration of CAR was associated with significantly decreased MDA, TOS, and OSI levels and increased TAS levels relative to the rats treated with MTX alone. Animals treated with CAR exhibited decreased tubular degeneration and architectural impairment relative to animals treated with MTX alone; however, the difference in histological scores did not meet the threshold of statistical significance. Conclusions: MTX treatment results in oxidative damage to the rat kidney; damage which is partially abrogated by the administration of CAR.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of propolis in subcutaneous tissue of rats: a possible biomaterial for cavity cleansing

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailza Costa De Almeida ◽  
Luiz Carlos De Lima Ferreira ◽  
Gisely Naura Venâncio ◽  
Risonilce Fernandes Silva De Souza ◽  
Emerson Silva Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydroxide Water

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histopathologically analyze, in subcutaneous connective tissue in rats, a propolis solution for cavity cleansing and its toxicity through hemolytic and Artemia franciscana tests.METHODS: Fifteen male rats were selected and randomly distributed in three experimental periods (07, 30 and 45 days), in which each animal received the four treatment groups in rounds: Group I – Propolis I; Group II – Propolis II; Group III – Calcium Hydroxide Water and Group IV – 2% Chlorexidine; the sides of the tube were the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed, in terms of biocompatibility, that all materials presented a significant reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase of the thickness in the collagen fibers. It may be suggested, in decreasing order of biocompatibility, the use of following materials: calcium hydroxide-water, 2% chlorexidine, propolis I and propolis II.RESULTS: In the cytotoxicity test using A. franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity when tested at concentrations and in the hemolytic activity test the propolis I extract showed greater activity than propolis II.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similar to 2% chlorexidine.

scholarly journals Cryoprotective Activity of Glycerol and Ethylene Glycol: Dynamics with Canine Sperm Integrity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushal Kusum ◽  
Ramakrishna Roy ◽  
Vijay B. Sharma ◽  
Raghavendra Prasad Mishra ◽  
Neha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Different cryoprotectants had been used for safe gaurding the post thaw Canine sperm cell motility. Glycerol and ethylene glycol may be used as cryoprotectants. However, scanty reports are available on use of different concentrations of glycerol, ethylene glycol and the combination of glycerol and ethylene glycol as cryoprotectants for canine spermatatozoa. Methods: In present study, the semen samples were collected from 4 different adult spitz male dogs. The diluted semen was divided into four aliquots, Group I: 8% glycerol (control); Group II: 4% glycerol; Group III: 5% ethylene glycol; Group IV: 4% glycerol + 4% ethylene glycol. Result: The result showed that post-thaw sperm motility in canine semen with 5% ethylene glycol was recorded as 36.83±1.26%. For Group I (8% glycerol) and Group II (4% glycerol), the same was 34.25±0.95% and 26.50±0.81%, respectively whereas Group IV (4% glycerol + 4% ethylene glycol) it was 29.25%. However, there was no significant correlationship between abnormal sperm count and live spermatozoa; abnormal sperm count and dead spermatozoa; dead spermatozoa and DNA integrity and in between HOST (hypo-osmotic swelling test) and acrosomal integrity of spermatozoa.

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