scholarly journals Biocompatibility of propolis in subcutaneous tissue of rats: a possible biomaterial for cavity cleansing

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailza Costa De Almeida ◽  
Luiz Carlos De Lima Ferreira ◽  
Gisely Naura Venâncio ◽  
Risonilce Fernandes Silva De Souza ◽  
Emerson Silva Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydroxide Water

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histopathologically analyze, in subcutaneous connective tissue in rats, a propolis solution for cavity cleansing and its toxicity through hemolytic and Artemia franciscana tests.METHODS: Fifteen male rats were selected and randomly distributed in three experimental periods (07, 30 and 45 days), in which each animal received the four treatment groups in rounds: Group I – Propolis I; Group II – Propolis II; Group III – Calcium Hydroxide Water and Group IV – 2% Chlorexidine; the sides of the tube were the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed, in terms of biocompatibility, that all materials presented a significant reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase of the thickness in the collagen fibers. It may be suggested, in decreasing order of biocompatibility, the use of following materials: calcium hydroxide-water, 2% chlorexidine, propolis I and propolis II.RESULTS: In the cytotoxicity test using A. franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity when tested at concentrations and in the hemolytic activity test the propolis I extract showed greater activity than propolis II.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similar to 2% chlorexidine.

scholarly journals Proliferation of odontoblast-like cells following application of a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Ira Widjiastuti ◽  
Sri Kunarti ◽  
Fauziah Diajeng Retnaningsih ◽  
Evri Kusumah Ningtyas ◽  
Debby Fauziah Suryani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background: One purpose of operative dentistry is the maintenance of healthy pulp by reducing the need for root canal treatment and the possibility of undesirable scenarios such as tooth loss. Propolis is a plant-derived substance that contains a resin produced by honeybees belonging to the Apis mellifera species. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a combination of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and propolis extract on odontoblast-like cell proliferation in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research constituted a true experimental laboratory-based investigation with post-test control group design. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. The first molar pulp of each sample was perforated on occlusal surfaces using a low speed round bur. On day 3, the samples were divided into six groups (n=10): Group I: control; Group II: Ca(OH)2 + 11%; propolis extract; Group III: Ca(OH)2 + aquadest, and on day 7: Group IV: control; Group V: Ca(OH)2 + 11% propolis extract; Group VI: Ca(OH)2 + aquadest. All samples were filled with restorative material. They were subsequently sacrificed after 3 and 7 days post-pulp capping administration and the afflicted tooth extracted for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The resulting data was subjected to statistical analysis to ascertain the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells. The significance of differences between the groups was determined by a one-way ANOVA test followed by a post hoc Tuckey HSD. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: On day 3, a significant difference existed between group II (Ca(OH)2–propolis) and group I (control group) and group III (Ca(OH)2–aquades), whereas Ca(OH)2–propolis revealed that the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells was higher. Meanwhile, on day 7, there was a significant difference between all groups whereas, with regard to Ca(OH)2–propolis, the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells in group V was higher. Conclusion: Application of combination of Ca(OH)2-propolis extract can increase the proliferation of odontoblast-like cells in pulp tissue on days 3 and 7.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals Assessment the Genotoxic Potential of Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline at Maximum Therapeutic Doses for Four-Week Treatment in Experimental Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Imad A. Al-Obaidi ◽  
Nada N. Al-Shawi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hydrochloride Solution

Abstract At any moment, the continuous usage of medications can accompanied by DNA damage and the accumulation of such damages can cause serious consequences. Antidepressants are long-term used drugs and the incidence of their genotoxic impacts cannot be excluded. Therefore, this work was designed to investigate the possible genotoxic effects of the commonly used antidepressants (fluoxetine and amitriptyline) in adult male rats. Detection of DNA damage in individual cells was assessed by comet and micronucleus assays in three different cell populations i.e. liver, testis and bone marrow tissues of 24 swiss albino adult male rats. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups of 8 rats each: Group I - rats orally-administered distilled water via gavage tube for four weeks as a negative control. Group II - rats orally-treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride solution (7.2mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. Group III - rats orally-treated with amitriptyline hydrochloride solution (27mg/kg/day) via gavage tube for four weeks. The results showed that both drugs (Group II and Group III) induced the same extent of DNA damage, as evidenced by a significantly higher DNA fragmentation in liver and testis tissues with increased frequencies of micronuclei formation in bone marrow tissues as compared with the negative control (Group I). These findings indicates that both Fluoxetine and Amitriptyline have genotoxic potentials and can induce the same extent of cytogenetic damage in rats. Special precautions and medical supervision should be taken in consideration with their uses.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Effect of Ajwa Date Aqueous Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1521-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaad F. Sabbah ◽  
Fawzia Alshubali ◽  
Othman A. S. Baothman ◽  
Mazin A. Zamzami ◽  
Lobna Shash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents to treat several malignancies. However, the clinical use of DOX is seriously restricted due to its acute and chronic cardiotoxic side effects This study investigated the protective effect of (Ajwa) date aqueous extract (AJDAE) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Sixty Wister albino male rats (150-200 gms.) were comprised in our study and divided into six equal groups: group I (untreated control), group II, group III, rats were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively, for 4 weeks, rats of groups IV, V and VI were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg.bw) at the end of the 4th week of the study to induce cardiotoxicity, rats of groups V & VI were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively. Cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, SOD, GR, GST, GPx, CAT and MDA in rats’ hearts homogenate, urinary 8OHdG as well as DNA integrity and histopathological changes were investigated in all studied rats.Oral administration of AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) attenuated the cardiotoxicity of DOX, improved the cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, reduced the urinary 8OHdG and prohibited the depletion of endogenous antioxidants and suppressed lipid peroxidation (MDA). Moreover, AJDAE enhanced DNA integrity. Histological findings showed that AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) administration reduced cardiomyocytes alterations, congestion, edema and the intense cellular stress exerted on myocardial fibers as well as restored the cardiomyocytes architecture. Our data showed that AJDAE obviously resulted in protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rat’s heart. It can be concluded that Ajwa date offers a considerable protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Lactobacillus TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS MUKOSA USUS HALUS TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steviany Towoliu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group I ◽  
Microscopic Features

Abstract: E. coli is part of the normal flora of the human and animal intestine and is commonly non pathogenic. However, one of the serotypes of this bacteria, which is enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), can cause primary infection on the intestine such diarrhea.  The growth of pathogenic bacteria in diarrheal patients can be inhibited by Lactobacillus.  Lactobacillus can function as probiotic which can affect the immune system of the digestive canals.  In addition, Lactobacillus also produce mucus  which can act as barrier to the pathogens.  The objective of this study was to reveal the effects of the administration of Lactobacillus on the microscopic features of the mucosa of the intestine of wistar rats infected by Escherichia coli.  This study was a laboratory experimental research employing 16 wistar rats divided into the control group (4 rats) and three treatment groups (12 rats) consisting of 4 rats each.  Results showed that; in group I the histological features were normal, in group II part of the epithelium of the mucosa showed erosion, dilatation of the capillary vessels, and many lymphosites were observed, in group III the epithelium of the mucosa was intact and the number of lymphosites was liitle, and in group IV the surface of the epithelium was intact, the presence of cell regeneration indicated by the increase number of goblet cells and a small number of  lymphocyes. Conclusions: The administration of after infection by E. coli has benefial effects indicated by the improvement of epithelial cells and the absence of denudation of the epithelium of the intestine. Keywords: E.coli, Lactobacillus, intestinal mucosa.   Abstrak: E.coli merupakan flora normal usus halus manusia dan hewan umumnya tidak menyebabkan penyakit.  Namun salah satu serotipe E.coli yaitu E.coli Enteropatogenik (EPEK) bersifat patogen dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi primer pada usus misalnya diare.  Pertumbuhan bakteri patogen pada pasien diare dapat dihambat oleh Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus merupakan probiotik yang akan mempengaruhi sistem imun saluran cerna serta memproduksi mukus yang berfungsi sebagai penghalang saluran cerna terhadap bakteri patogen.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek pemberian Lactobacillus terhadap gambaran mikroskopis mukosa usus halus tikus wistar yang diinfeksi dengan Escherichia coli.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik.  Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 16 ekor tikur wistar yang dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol (4 ekor) dan kelompok  perlakuan (12 ekor) dibagi dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing 4 ekor.  Hasil penelitian kelompok I dengan gambaran histologik jaringan usus normal, kelompok II sebagian epitel mukosa usus halus terlihat erosi,  ada pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler, dan banyak limfosit, kelompok III dengan permukaan epitel mukosa yang utuh dan jumlah limfosit sedikit, dan kelompok IV dengan permukaan epitel yang utuh, adanya regenerasi sel ditandai dengan bertambahnya sel goblet, dan sedikit limfosit.  Simpulan: Pemberian Lactobacillus setelah diberikan E.coli memberi efek yang baik berupa perbaikan sel epitel permukaan dan tidak terlihat denudasi epitel permukaan usus halus. Kata Kunci: E.coli, Lactobacillus, mukosa usus halus.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIS LIMPA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus novergicus) JANTAN DIINFEKSI Trypanosoma evansi DAN DIBERI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG JALOH (Salix tetrasperma Robx) (Histopathological finding of Rat (Rattus novergicus) Spleen Infected with Trypanosoma evansi and Treated with Willow Bark (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) Extract)

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Mariane Ramadani ◽  
Hamdani Budiman ◽  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Muhammad Hambal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Finding ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Willow Bark

The aim of this research was to determine the histopathological finding of rat (Rattus novergicus) spleen infected with Trypanosoma evansi and treated with willow bark (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) extract.This research used 25 male rats divided into four treatment groups and fed ad libitum. Group 0 (K0) was control group, group I (K1) was infected with 103/0.3 ml. T. evansi, group II (K2), III (K3), and IV (K4) were infected with103/0.3 ml T. evansi and treated with willow bark extract 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg bw, respectively. All groups were treated for 3 consecutive days orally using a stomach tube. On day four, rats were euthanized using chloroform and necropsied, then spleen were collected for histophatological examination. The results showed that all spleen on group K1, K2, K3, and K4 showed hyperplasia of white pulp, hemosiderin, and necrosis with different severity levels compared to normal spleen structure. In conclusion, the administration of willow bark extract at the dose of 30 mg/kg bw has a potency to prevent spleen from T. evansi infection. However, the higher the dose of willow bark extract the higher the level of spleen damage.Key words: spleen, T. evansi, willow bark extract

Effect of Visual Experience on Spatial Learning of Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Visual information acquired through observation plays a pivotal role in learning a movement pattern and motor control. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of visual deprivation on learning in rats. Methods: The study sample consisted of 12 male rats, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of four rats and was considered the control group. Transection of the two optic nerves was performed on rats of group II on the seventh day after birth and group III on the seventh week after birth to develop the early blind and late blind models, respectively. A T-shaped maze device was utilized to evaluate the learning behavior of rats. Rats of groups II and III were blinded by the optic nerve surgery. In total, 20 trials per day were conducted for nine consecutive days, in which the time and number of correct arm entries were recorded. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the results in SPSS software (version 16.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the number of correct arm entries on days one, three, and seven (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the three groups regarding how long it took them to enter the target box on days two and three (P<0.05). Group III had a lower number of entries to the target box and it took them a significantly longer time to enter the target box, compared to the other groups. Conclusion: According to the results, visual deprivation may affect the learning of rats during the early days; however, their learning levels increased over the following days. Moreover, the early blinded rats had a higher level of learning than the lately blinded adult rats and the same level of learning as that of the sighted adult rats.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals Carvacrol prevents methotrexate-induced renal oxidative injury and renal damage in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Bozkurt ◽  
Serda Em ◽  
Pelin Oktayoglu ◽  
Gul Turkcu ◽  
Hatice Yuksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of carvacrol (CAR) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced renal damage in rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were equally divided into three groups: group I, control treatment; group II, MTX-treated; and group III, MTX+CAR-treated. A single dose of CAR (73 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to group III on the first day of the experiment and a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to groups II and III on the second day of the experiment. Blood samples and kidney tissue were obtained from each animal on day 8 for the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Light microscopy was used for histopathological examination of kidney specimens. Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels were significantly greater in the group receiving MTX alone relative to the control animals, while the TAS level was significantly reduced in the MTX group compared with the control group. The administration of CAR was associated with significantly decreased MDA, TOS, and OSI levels and increased TAS levels relative to the rats treated with MTX alone. Animals treated with CAR exhibited decreased tubular degeneration and architectural impairment relative to animals treated with MTX alone; however, the difference in histological scores did not meet the threshold of statistical significance. Conclusions: MTX treatment results in oxidative damage to the rat kidney; damage which is partially abrogated by the administration of CAR.

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