The effect of broccoli (Brassica oelracea var botrytis) extract to the microanatomy structure of liver and kidney in mice (Mus musculus L.) after exposed by lead acetate (Pb-acetate) orally

The aims of this research were to know the effect of broccoli extract to the microanatomy structure of liver and kidney in mice after induction of lead acetate. Broccoli contains antitoxic compound such as sulforaphane, beta-carotene, indole, quercetin, and glutathione. The research was evaluated experimentally to Swiss mice at the age of 2 months with average weight of 31 g. These mice were divided into five groups. A group was a placebo controls that given only with distilled water 1 ml for 30 days. Negative control group received lead acetate orally at the dose of 0.52 mg/g body weights for 15 days. Mice of group 1, 2, and 3 received the same treatment but continued with giving broccoli extract orally in three doses: 2.1 mg; 2.8 mg and 3.5 mg/g bw/day respectively for 15 days. Liver and kidney were removed at 31st day. Observation of microanatomy structure was: 1) Determining the kind and damage level of hepatocyte, glomerulus and proximal tubules epithelia as the qualitative data; 2) Measuring the height of proximal tubules epithelia, glomerulus diameter and central vein diameter as the quantitative data, which then analyzed with ANOVA. The result of this research showed that exposed by lead acetate orally caused hydrophilic degeneration, fatty swelling and necrotic (pycnotic, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis) on hepatocyte and proximal tubules epithelia, swelling of glomeruli. Consumption of broccoli at the dose of 3.5 mg/g bw/day could repair the damage cells of lead acetate. Broccoli extract at the lowest dose (2.1 mg/g bw/day and 2.8 mg/g bw/day) could not repair the damage cells of lead acetate. Consumption of broccoli extract at the dose of 3.5 mg/g bw/day was helping the cells repairmen (i.e. hepatocyte, glomerulus and proximal tubule epithelia) in mice (Mus musculus. L) damage by lead acetate.

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Effect of Testosterone on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research ◽

10.24017/science.2017.2.16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 112-120

Author(s):

Nazar Mohammed Shareef Mahmood ◽

Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad ◽

Dlshad Hussein Hassan ◽

Karwan Ismael Othman

Keyword(s):

Lead Acetate ◽

Toxic Substance ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Central Vein ◽

Cell Degeneration ◽

Group I ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Adverse Influence

The toxicity of lead acetate (L. A.) concerned to public health disruptor due to its persistence in the environment and it has the adverse influence on the human and animal health as well. It causes physiological,biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans. Histologically it has a negative effect on the liver which is considered one of the major target organs where acts as detoxification machine by elimination the toxic substance from the blood in rich with it. As well as it affects kidneys that are the two of the most filtering organs. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effect of L.A. on liver and kidney tissues in male rats. Twenty male rats involved in the study were equally and randomly divided into two groups each of them involved 10 animals. Group I (castrated rats) and Group II (control) each group received 80mg/L of lead acetate dissolved in one liter distilled water by drinking for 15 days. Histological sections showed some alterations including abnormal architecture, cell degeneration, nuclear degeneration, hyperchromatic hepatocytes, immune cells, degeneration in tubules, dilation in sinusoids, dilation in central vein of liver increased bowman's space glomerular atrophy degeneration of tubular cells in liver and kidney tissues of rats in castrated rats from control group. But the size of degenerated tissue was more severe in castrated male rats. It was concluded that the castration process could produce a hypogonadism and decreased testosterone which owns many receptors in kidney and liver may produce adverse influence with L.A. administration.

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Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Mangrove Api-Api Putih (Avicennia alba) terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Asam Asetat 0,7%

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i1.247 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

ANDREW THEO WILLIAM CHRIS PURMATA ◽

LESTARI DEWI ◽

CHOESNAN EFFENDI

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Mice ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

Avicennia Alba

Background : Avicennia alba or known as mangrove api-api putih is a type of mangrove species which has many benefits and often to be used by the local Indonesians as traditional medicine. The alcaloid and flavonoid substances derived from Avicennia alba leaves could inhibit pain. This study aims to determine the analgesic effect of Avicennia alba leaves extract in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced by acetic acid 0,7%.Method :25 mice were divided into 5 groups that were given different therapies. The therapy are 10 mL/kg bw of water, 150 mg/kg bw of acetosal, 250 mg/kg bw; 500mg/kg bw; 1000 mg/kg bw of Avicennia alba leaves extract. 0,7% acetic acid with dose of 10 mL/kg bw is given to each subject intraperitoneally 30 minutes after the therapy to induce pain. The pain is manifested as writhes in mice, the writhes then are counted repeatedly each 10 minutes for 30 minutes.Result:: mean of writhes in group treated with Avicennia alba leaves extract in 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw with each value 6,20 and 9,40 are less than mean of writhes in negative control group with value 31,40. %inhibition of Avicennia alba leaves extract with dose of 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw respectively are 80,25% and 70,06%.Conclusion : Avicennia alba leaves extract in 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw dosage showed analgesic effect in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced with 0,7% acetic acid.Keywords :pain, analgesic, Avicennia alba

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Efektivitas ekstrak metanol batang pisang mauli 100%padapenyembuhan luka punggung mencit (Mus musculus)ditinjau dari jumlah sel radang (Effectiveness of 100%extract of Mauli Banana stem to healing process of mice’s (Mus musculus)back from the perspective of the number of inflamed cell)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.15562/jdmfs.v13i1.384 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Maharani Laillyza Apriasari ◽

Amy Nindia Carabelly ◽

Gusti Febby Aprilia

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Healing Process ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Banana Plant ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stem Extract ◽

Banana Stem

Banana plant especially its trunk contains many kinds of fitokimia such as saponin, flavonoid, and tannin whichfunction as antibiotic and fasten the healing process. Mauli banana stem extract is often used by the people in HuluSungai Utara Banjarmasin Province to fasten healing skin injury. The purpose of this research is to histopathologicallyexamine the effectiveness of Mauli Banana stem extract to the healing process of the mice’s back (Mus musculus)onthe 3rd day. This purely true experimental research with post test only with control design used 27 mices which weredivided to 3 groups. Treatment group was given methanol extract of mauli banana stem whose average scores ofneutrofil and macrofag are representatively 2.333 and 1; negative control group was given aquadest with its averageneutrofil and macrofag scores are representatively 1.055 dan 1.678; and positive control group was given standardmedicine which contained Aloe veraextract with its average neutrofil and macrofag scores are representatively 1.066dan 1.667. The result of Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whiney showed a significant difference between treatment groupand negative control group. It can be concluded that the extract methanol of mauli banana stem on the healing processof injury to mancit’s back histopathologically influences the decreasing acute inflamed (neutrofil) cell and theincreasing chronic inflamed (macrophage) cell on the third day. In this case the extract of mauli banana stem ismedically potential to fasten the healing process of injury.

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Effect of Long Bean (Vignaunguiculata) on Blood Glucose Level of Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by Alloxan

Jurnal Medika Veterinaria ◽

10.21157/j.med.vet..v9i2.3490 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Intan Fitri Aprila ◽

M. Nur Salim ◽

Razali Daud ◽

T. Armansyah ◽

Nuzul Asmilia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Decrease Blood Glucose

The aim of this research was to find out the effect of long bean (Vigna unguiculata) on level of blood glucose on mice (Mus musculus) induced by alloxan. Twelve mice with the weigh of 25-40 grams and clinically healthy were used in this research. All mice were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, 3 mice each. K0 was negative control group, only given aquadest. K1, K2, and K3 groups were induced by alloxan 0.5 ml. K1 group was positive control. K2 group was fed with 100 grams long bean mixed with 50 ml distilled water. K3 group was fed with 100 grams long bean mixed with 100 ml distilled water. Long bean was fed orally 0.5 ml every morning and evening for 7 consecutive days. On day eight the examination of blood glucose level was performed. The average level of blood glucose were K0 (142.00±23.39), K1 (167.00±10.54), K2 (122.67±12.50), dan K3 (154.67±16.26) mg/dL. In conclusion, the administration of long bean for seven consecutive days does not decrease blood glucose level on mice induced by alloxan.Key words: blood glucose, alloxan, long bean

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PAPARAN EKSTRAK TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HATI MENCIT (Mus musculus)

Biopendix: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan dan Terapan ◽

10.30598/biopendixvol2issue2page160-169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 160-169

Author(s):

Yosep Matruty ◽

Theopilus Watuguly

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Normal Liver ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Holothuria Scabra ◽

Liver Histopathology ◽

Group I

Background: In Indonesia, traditionally sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) is often used as a cure gout. The purpose of the research is to determine the effects of sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) extracts against liver histopathology picture mice (Mus musculus). Method: Mice used were male mice as much as 15 tails and were divided into 5 groups. Each group consisted of three mice. Group I as a positive control given allopurino l0.1%. The second group was given distilled water as a negative control. Group III, IV and V as the treatment group was given sea cucumber extract with each concentration of 5%, a concentration of 10% and 15% concentration. Result: The results were analyzed quantitatively, showed that the administration of potassium bromate showed the presence of fatty and necrosis. But after being given a sea cucumber extract with a concentration of 10% and a concentration of 15% still showed the presence of inflammatory cells and remnants of fatty liver (same as the picture of liver histopathology in the positive control). At a concentration of 5% normal liver histopathology same as the picture of liver histopathology in the negative control. Conclution: Sea cucumbers with a concentration of 5% can be used as a gout medicine without any side effects for conditions onal liver function.

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Uji Efek Ekstrak Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Americana Merr) Terhadap Motilitas Progresif 3 Spermatozoa

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i2.471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 232

Author(s):

NETI EKA JAYANTI ◽

SITI RAUDAH ◽

SUMIATI SUMIATI

Keyword(s):

Lead Acetate ◽

Lead Toxicity ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Spermatozoa Motility ◽

Onion Extract ◽

Testicular Spermatozoa

Abstract Background: Dayak onion extract can be used as antioxidants in reducing lead toxicity. This study aims to prove the potential of dayak onion in inhibiting decrease of motility testicular spermatozoa of mice induced by lead acetate.Method: This study was a laboratory experimental study using Posttest Only Control Group Design design. The experimental animals were 30 mice (Mus musculus), divided into 5 groups. The K0 group was a negative control group receiving a Na-CMC 0,5% for 38 days at 0.1 ml. Day 1-3 K1 positive control group received Na-CMC 0,5%, K2-K4 group received dayak onion extract, K2 of 30 mg/kgBW, K3 60 mg/kgBW, and K4 120 mg/kgBW dose. Day 4-38 K1 group received 0.1 ml lead acetate, K2-K4 received lead acetate of 0.1 ml + dayak onion extract, K2 of 30mg/kgBW, K3 60 mg/kgBW, and K4 120 mg/kgBW as much as 0.2 ml.Result: There is a significant differences in spermatozoa concentration between K0 group with K3, K1 with K3 and K4, K2 with K3. Spermatozoa motility progressive 3 between K0 with K1, K2, K3, K4, K1 with K2, K3, K4 showed significant differences, while Testicular MDA content between K0 with K1, K2, K3 and K4, K1 with K0 and K3 showed significant differences.Conclusion: Dayak onion extract inhibit the decrease in spermatozoa concentration, inhibit the decrease in spermatozoa motility, and decrease testicular MDA level in mice induced with lead acetate. Keyword : lead acetate, dayak onion extract, spermatozoa motility

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KACANG PANJANG (Vigna unguiculata) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN (Effect of Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata) on Blood Glucose Level of Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by Alloxan)

Jurnal Medika Veterinaria ◽

10.21157/j.med.vet..v9i2.3983 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Intan Fitri Aprila ◽

M. Nur Salim ◽

Razali Daud ◽

T. Armansyah ◽

Nuzul Asmilia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Distilled Water

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UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica (L.) Less.) PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus)

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.1.1.2013.4609 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Venty Riani Sibarani ◽

Pemsi Mona Wowor ◽

Henoch Awaloei

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Research Result ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Heat Stimulation ◽

Pain Stimulation ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract: This research aimed to know whether or not the extract of marsh fleabane leaves possess an analgesic effect on mice. This research used experimental method, with the sample of 15 mice divided into 5 groups. The negative control group is given aquadest, the positive control group is given paracetamol, and 3 experimental group are given marsh fleabane leaves extract, each is given at dose 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, and 600 mg/kgBB. The testing of analgesic effect is done by giving pain stimulation to the mice, by means of applying 55°C heat. Mice’s response is observed is licking or flicking response. The observation is done for 1 minute. The observation is done before the administration of test substances, and then the observation is done on the 30th, 60th, 90th, and 120th minute after the administration of test substances. The research result showed the amount of response of pain stimulation on the group is given marsh fleabane leaves extract start decrease on the 30th minute and keep on giving effect on the 60th minute. On the 90th minute the analgesic effect start decrease, but still show analgesic effect. The extract of marsh fleabane leaves show analgesic effect, but the effect analgesic of marsh fleabane is lower than paracetamol. Keywords: analgesic, extract of marsh fleabane leaves, heat stimulation. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya efek analgesik dari ekstrak daun beluntas. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan menggunakan 15 ekor mencit yang dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan aquades, kelompok kontrol positif diberikan parasetamol, dan 3 kelompok eksperimental diberikan ekstrak daun beluntas, masing-masing dengan dosis 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, dan 600 mg/kgBB. Pengujian efek analgesik dilakukan dengan memberikan rangsangan nyeri pada hewan uji, berupa rangsangan panas dengan suhu 55°C. Respon mencit yang diamati yaitu gerakan menjilat kaki dan atau melompat. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 1 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan sebelum pemberian zat uji, kemudian berturut-turut pada menit ke-30, 60, 90, dan 120 setelah pemberian zat uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah respon terhadap rangsang nyeri pada kelompok mencit yang diberi ekstrak daun beluntas mulai menurun pada menit ke-30 dan terus memberikan efek pada menit ke-60. Pada menit ke-90 efek analgesiknya mulai menurun, tetapi masih menunjukkan efek analgesik. Ekstrak daun beluntas menunjukkan adanya efek analgesik, namun efek analgesiknya lebih rendah dari parasetamol. Kata kunci: analgesik, ekstrak daun beluntas, rangsang panas

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UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG POHON MATOA (Pometia pinnata) PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus)

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.2.2015.8620 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rafly F. Lumintang ◽

Jane Wuisan ◽

Pemsy M. Wowor

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Treated Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I

Abstract: Pain is an unpleasant sensation that derives from the complex neurochemical processes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Side effects of drugs inter alia opioids and NSAIDs can cause serious disorders, therefore, it is necessary to find and develop other effective analgesic drugs with low toxicity. In Indonesia, matoa (Pometia pinnata) is known as a typical plant in Papua especially in West Papua. In some countries, parts of matoa plants are used as traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the analgesic effect of matoa bark extract (Pometia pinnata) on mice Mus musculus. This was an experimental study. Nine male mice weighed 30 g were divided into 3 groups, each consisted of 3 mice. Group I, the negative control group, was given aquadest; group II, the positive control group, was given aspirin solution; and group III, the treated group, was given matoa bark extract. Analgesic effect was determined by counting the mice movements (licking their back legs or jumping) during 1 minute in a beaker with a temperature of 550C. The results showed that after 30 minutes the average number of movements of the treated group decreased from 22 times to 19.3 times, and continued to decrease until 1 movement after 120 minutes. Conclusion: Matoa bark extract showed analgesic effect on mice Mus musculus.Keywords: analgesic effect, matoa bark, miceAbstrak: Nyeri adalah sensasi yang tidak menyenangkan yang berasal dari proses neurokimia kompleks di sistem saraf pusat dan perifer. Opioid dan golongan AINS dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang cukup berat; oleh karena itu, diperlukan obat analgesik yang efektif dengan toksisitas rendah. Di Indonesia, matoa (Pometia pinnata) dikenal sebagai tanaman khas Papua terutama Papua Barat. Di beberapa negara, bagian-bagian dari tanaman matoa telah digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek analgesik ekstrak kulit batang pohon matoa (Pometia pinnata) pada mencit Mus musculus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Sembilan ekor mencit jantan dengan berat rata-rata 30 g dibagi atas 3 kelompok hewan uji yang masing-masing terdiri dari 3 ekor mencit. Kelompok I yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan akuades; kelompok II yaitu kelompok kontrol positif diberikan larutan aspirin; dan kelompok III yaitu kelompok perlakuan diberikan ekstrak kulit batang matoa. Efek analgesik berupa jumlah gerakan mencit selama 1 menit saat diletakan di dalam beker dengan suhu tetap 550C. Gerakan yang dihitung berupa gerakan menjilat kaki belakang atau meloncat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada menit ke-30 terjadi penurunan rerata jumlah respon gerakan mencit dari 22 kali menjadi 19,3 kali yang terus berkurang hingga menit ke-120 dimana hanya terdapat 1 gerakan. Simpulan: Ekstrak kulit batang pohon matoa memiliki efek analgesik pada mencit Mus musculus.Kata kunci: efek analgesik, kulit batang matoa, mencit

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Immunization effect of Proteus vulgaris fimbrial and lipopolysaccharide antigens in histopathological changes in some internal organ

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.11.4.1448-1454 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1448-1454

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Proteus Vulgaris ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Buffer Control ◽

And Control

The aim of this study to conduct the effects of fimbrial and lipopolysacchride (LPS) immunization is on the pathohistological changes in rabbits, Fifteen rabbits of both sexes (Weight 1500-2000 gm) divided into three groups (5 animals of each group). The first group was immunized by 1ml (200µg /animal) of fimbrial subcutaneously the second group gave 1 ml ( 200 µg /animal) LPS while the third group was left as negative control group that injected 1 ml phosphate buffer control subcutaneously. First and second groups recived the same dose after two weeks give as booster dose. All animals challenged after 5 weeks of immunization by5X107CFU/ml Proteus vulgaris intra peritoneally .After 7 days from challenge all the animals, sacrificed for histopathological examination . The results showed that the fimbrial group had a severe infiltrations of mononucleart cells in liver and kidney ,but there was no clear histopathological changes observed in the spleen compared with lipopolysaccharide and control group . Also this group showed a slight mononuclear cells infiltration in lamina properia of intestine ;while the lipopolysaccharide group showed hypertrophy of epithelial cells with a mild mononuclear cells infiltration in lamina properia as compared with the control group that showed presence of mononuclear cells aggregation in the lamina properia .Our conclusion That the defense of animals against Proteus vulgaris more efficient in fimbrial antigen than lipopolysaccharide antigen by decrease the pathological effects of this bacteria.

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