scholarly journals Effect of climatic and non-climatic factors on fishing activities in Lake Victoria, Kisumu County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
APINDI JANE AKOTH ◽  
ISHMAIL O. MAHIRI ◽  
KENNEDY OBIERO
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climatic Elements

Abstract. Akoth AJ, Mahiri OS, Obiero K. 2019. Influence of climatic and non-climatic factors on fishing activities in Lake Victoria, Kisumu County, Kenya. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 11: 7-17. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of climatic factors like dry spells, rainfall, and wind strength, as well as non-climatic factors like overfishing, water hyacinth, and predators on fishing activities on the shores of Lake Victoria in Kisumu County. The research used a descriptive survey design. The study area comprised thirty-two beaches, of which eight were chosen to represent Kisumu County as a whole. The eight beaches were sampled using a systematic sampling technique. The data was collected using a sample size of 362 respondents. Fish landing data over the past ten years was collected at the beaches and at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KEMFRI), while climate data was received from the Kisumu Airport Regional Meteorological Department. Primary data was collected from the beaches using questionnaires and interviews, whereas secondary data was collected from KEMFRI using document analysis guidance, books, and publications. The results were processed and analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) application, which assisted in the calculation of frequencies, means, and percentages. The study discovered a linkage between climatic factors and fishing activity. Climatic factors and fishing activities have a substantial relationship, according to the study. The amount of rainfall had an effect on fish captures, albeit the effect differed by fish species; Orechromis (r =.260), Lates niloticus (r =.130), and Protopterus (r =.184) had positive correlations with rainfall, whereas Rastrinoebola argentea and Claras gariepinus had negative correlations. Overall, the findings showed a positive correlation coefficient (r =.079) between rainfall and total fish catch. Fish numbers in the lake have decreased due to a dry season accompanied by high temperatures. Strong wind had a negative impact on fishing activities, whereas mild to moderate wind favored fish catch. Non-climatic factors had a significant detrimental impact on fishing activity in Lake Victoria, according to the study. The researcher came to the following conclusions based on the findings: there was a relationship between climatic elements and fishing activities; non-climatic factors primarily influenced fishing activities negatively; however, fishermen implemented mitigation strategies to help address non-climatic factors. Policymakers should regulate fish harvesting as dictated by climatic and weather variations, assess the impact of non-climatic elements in fish production and recommend appropriate mitigation measures, and finally, regulations should be enhanced to save endangered fish species from extinction, according to the findings.

Gender Influence on Access to and Control of Resources for Coping to Climate Variability. A Case of Mbita Fisher Community, Homa Bay County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Robert David Lubalo Onyango ◽  
Christopher Oludhe ◽  
Doris Amwata
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Global warming effects have far reaching impacts of livelihoods of many rural communities including fishers. It is in record that fishing accounts for world’s 36 million fishers nearly 1.5 billion consumers who rely on fish for their dietary animal protein. Past studies have concentrated on fisher communities and climate variability in marine waters and oceans; mainly investigating the impact of climate variability on fish distribution and production. Limited focus has addressed the interaction between impacts of climate change on the fishing activities on inland and fresh waters such as in Lake Victoria and the fishers coping and adapting with changes and variability of climate. The discussions in this article focused on Lake Victoria shore location of Mbita where the livelihood of local community is largely fishing. The objectives were to: Determine the influence of gender on access and control of fisher resources for climate adaptation in Mbita sub-county; Document the current coping strategies and constraints to Climate variability/change in Mbita sub-county. The study used a constructivist epistemology and the mixed methods research design to help it achieve its findings. Yamane’s formula (1964) is used to get the sample size of 388 respondents out of a population of 13191. Primary data was collected through use of  questionnaires, interview schedules for KII and FGDs. Secondary data collection was collected through document reviews of relevant past studies reports and working papers on  (temperature/rainfall data) of Mbita for the last 30 years data to get the trend of these elements and to determine climate variability and change. The instruments were validated using experts’ content validity with the supervisors. Piloting was used to ascertain reliability of the instruments Analysis was accomplished using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences. Presentation was done in descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that there was gender discrimination in access and control of resources which support adaptive activities that makes women more vulnerable to Climate Variability/Change hazards and disasters. The study further found that adaptation  requires access and control of factors of production which were traditionally under the control of male fishers making women more vulnerable and susceptible to surviving through chamas and table banking activities. Statistically access to and control was significant to adaptation at p-value of 0.000. Under coping strategies the study found that adaptation required transformation of mind set that called for bigger investment which required the collaboration and consultation of entire Mbita community and county government to address environmental and conservative resource utility. The study concluded that lack of alternative livelihood opportunities/options is the major constraints to adaptation for people living in the Lake Victoria region escalated with limitation of skills outside fishing industry, limitation of other employable professional skills including lack of capital. The study recommends a transdiciplinary concientization of adaptive strategies which can translate into flexible and sustainable climate change adaptation and gender inclusive livelihood activities. Future research should explore participatory action research on environmental influences affecting CCA by comparing findings across other beaches and livelihoods to see if gendered resources have any role in their adaptation.

scholarly journals Removal of deep-sea sponges by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: conservation, ecology and economic assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Pham ◽  
F. J. Murillo ◽  
C. Lirette ◽  
M. Maldonado ◽  
A. Colaço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrients ◽  
Benthic Pelagic Coupling ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Deep-sea sponge grounds are vulnerable marine ecosystems, which through their benthic-pelagic coupling of nutrients, are of functional relevance to the deep-sea realm. The impact of fishing bycatch is here evaluated for the first time at a bathyal, sponge-dominated ecosystem in the high seas managed by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization. Sponge biomass surface created from research survey data using random forest modeling revealed 231,136 t of sponges in the area. About 42% of that biomass was protected by current fisheries closures. However, projections of trawling tracks estimated that the sponge biomass within them would be wiped out in just 1 year by the current level of fishing activity if directed on the sponges. Because these sponges filter 56,143 ± 15,047 million litres of seawater daily, consume 63.11 ± 11.83 t of organic carbon through respiration, and affect the turnover of several nitrogen nutrients, their removal would likely affect the delicate ecological equilibrium of the deep-sea benthic ecosystem. We estimated that, on Flemish Cap, the economic value associated with seawater filtration by the sponges is nearly double the market value of the fish catch. Hence, fishery closures are essential to reach sponge conservation goals as economic drivers cannot be relied upon.

scholarly journals The coastal resource management program: Its impact to the coastal municipalities of Davao Del SUR

10.17158/528 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario N. Morastil
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Coastal Resource Management ◽  
Marine Habitat ◽  
Annual Fish ◽  
Coastal Resource ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
The Impact

<p>Coastal Resource Management Program (CRMP), which has been created to teach people to rehabilitate and preserve coastal and marine resources, needs to be evaluated in terms of its stated and realized goals involving principal stakeholders.  Thus, this study assessed the impact of CRMP on the selected coastal municipalities of Davao del Sur. For the primary data, the researcher used descriptive design utilizing 5-point Likert-scaled survey questionnaires distributed to 581 respondents chosen randomly. The sources of secondary data were the local offices of the municipalities covered in the study. Employing paired t-test as statistical measure, findings revealed an uneven impact of CRMP on the coastal municipalities. Although the program increased the level of awareness of fisher folks on conservation and rehabilitation of marine habitat increased the mangrove areas managed and planted, established fish sanctuaries, and increased annual fish catch.  The program failed to increase budget allocation of Local Government Units (LGU) for coastal resource management.  Also, the CRMP intervention had no favorable impact on average fish catch per day per fisherman, and did not improve coral reef cover in the selected municipalities. Lastly, the CRMP intervention was not able to establish a favorable impact on alternative livelihood. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Coastal resource management, coastal municipalities, survey, LGUs, impact, Davao del Sur, Philippines.</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Effect of Coronavirus on Aquaculture in Oyo state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Selorm Omega ◽  
Alexander T. K. Nuer ◽  
Enoch Ametepey
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus 2019 is a global health concern that has left most countries in a state of severe economic meltdown. Scientific research has been down on the virus and its impact on various sectors but that of the Nigerian aquaculture industry has been missing. This paves the way for this research to aim at bridging this gap by looking at the perception of fish farmers on the influence of coronavirus on their activities, the challenges they face during the period of the virus, and the coping strategies adopted to mitigate the impact of the virus. The research used cross sectional survey design with the sample size being 11 fish farmers living in Oyo state, Nigeria. Homogeneous purposive sampling was used and primary data collected through the use of google form. The data collected was analysis using SPSS version 25.0. The result of the analysed data showed that: on socioeconomic characteristics; the majority of the respondent reported that Coronavirus has had an effect on their fishing activity and they were mostly small scale farmers with catfish being the predominate fish farmed. The majority of fish farmers perceived demand decline, high cost of production, fish being more expensive, and reduction of manpower on the farm due to lockdown measures. Reduction in walk-in customers to the farm was revealed as the major challenge posed by the pandemic, while the inability to get technical support as least. On coping strategies adopted, it was revealed that farmers have resorted to the development of their own feed.

scholarly journals The impact of climatic factors on animal health (Missan province as a model)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
أ.د. كاظم عبادي حمادي الجاسم أ.د. كاظم عبادي حمادي الجاسم
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climatic Elements

Combined climatic elements influence directly and indirectly the animal's health by influencing the provision of green (artificial pasture) and artificial feed sources (feed and concentrated feed). The rise in temperature above the natural limit leads to the destruction of large numbers of animal wealth and the lack of their production due to the thermal stress that sometimes leads to the destruction of livestock and the death of poultry, as it affects the reproductive capacity of many animals due to the lack of sexual desire and the sperm sperm for males, which caused a decrease in reproduction and is reflected This is due to the quantities of production due to their low numbers and Missan province. The temperatures are suitable for animal husbandry and have little effect on their health. Relative humidity reduces the quantities of animal production by creating an environmental atmosphere to embrace some animals, pathogens, insects, and parasites that infect livestock with many diseases leading to their destruction. Wind affects the process of harboring animals and the quality of building barns that protect them from the heat of the midday sun in the first place. Missan province is the studied model, as it was affected by the set of factors referred to, which led to a variation in the geographical distribution in most parts of the province.

scholarly journals Submergence rice cultivation in southern Bangladesh: farmers opinion and adaptations practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
AKM Abdul Ahad Biswas ◽  
Md. Abdullah-Al Mamun ◽  
Md. Saifur Rahman ◽  
Md. Abdus Sattar ◽  
AKM Mostafa Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Cyclone Sidr ◽  
The Impact

Rice productivity in coastal Bangladesh is lower than the national average and total coastal area is considered to be submergence-prone and higher vulnerable in July to January cropping season. The selected study areas are Kalapara and Patuakhali Sadar Upazila that are too vulnerable to agriculture practices. Field survey was conducted during 01st June to 30th July, 2015 to investigate the impact of submergence on Aman rice cultivation (ARC), existing adopted local adaptation practices with impacts and options to address the submergence problem. Primary data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Individual Interview and Key Informant Interview methods and secondary data was collected from different secondary sources. A well-structured pretested questionnaire schedule was developed keeping in mind the objectives and variables under this study. After cyclone SIDR and AILA devastation, the rate of traditional ARC is decreasing every year and in 2015 it was 26.51%. Recently farmers have adopted new cropping practices and strategies like modern ARC in Aman season as single crop; Boro-Aus-Aman season as triple crop and Aus-Aman season as double crop are practicing. Approximately all farmers have adopted to grow stress tolerant rice varieties (STRV); farmer’s curiosities to familiar with and to have the STRV are encouraging. Farmers were fully adopted BRRIdhan52 rice cultivation with positive perceptions of higher yield and lower production cost. Therefore it can be concluded that the intensity of adoption of adaptation and mitigation measures are significantly influenced positively by the STRV yield capability; farmer’s participation in intervention programs; livelihood diversification; frequency of extension personnel contact; submergence and inundation characteristics; tolerance attributes of STRV and availability of STRV cultivation information.International Journal of Environment Vol.4(4) 2015: 100-113

scholarly journals Exploration of Knowledge, Perception and Adaptation Strategies of the Mbita Fisher Community to CC/ CV

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-169
Author(s):  
Robert David Lubalo Onyango ◽  
Christopher Oludhe ◽  
Doris Amwata
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Decreasing livelihoods of fishers’ communities is blamed on consequences of global warming and climate change impacts. Food security and livelihoods of the world’s 36 million fishers and the nearly 1.5 billion consumers rely on fish for their dietary animal protein. Past studies concentrated on fisher communities and climate variability in marine waters and oceans; mainly investigating the impact of climate variability on fish distribution and production. Limited research has addressed the interaction between impacts of climate change on the fishing activities on inland and fresh waters such as in Lake Victoria and how the fishers are coping and adapting. This article discussion focuses on Lake Victoria shore location of Mbita where the livelihood activity of local community is fishing. The interactive field study was guided by these two research objectives to: Determine the fishers’ knowledge and perception of climate change and variability in Mbita sub-county. Establish the effect of gender in climate change adaptive activities among the Mbita county fishers. The study used a constructivist epistemology and the mixed methods research design to help it achieve its findings. Yamane’s formula (1964) is used to get the sample size of 388 respondents from a population of 13191 fishers. Primary data was collected through use of questionnaires, interview schedules for KII and FGDs. Secondary data collection was collected through reviewing of documented information, such as the fish catch data and climate (temperature/rainfall data) of Mbita for the last 30 years data to get the trend of these elements and to determine climate variability and change. Content validity of the instrument was done through experts; supervisors. Reliability was attained through test and re-test Data analysis was accomplished through use of computer based software (SPSS). Presentation was done in descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings were:-there was gender discrimination in access and control of key fishing resources which support adaptive activities that makes women more vulnerable to CC and CCV hazards and disasters. The study found that majority fishers had clear perception of CC but only 46% had knowledge of CC. The fishers relied more on indigenous knowledge and meteorological forecasts were too technical and considered irrelevant. The study further found that erratic variations in temperatures and rainfall were greatest stressors with statistical significant p-value = of 0.02. Wet seasons destroyed infrastructure, increased weather-borne diseases and endangered the fishers’ lives while dry and hot season resulted in insufficient fish catches and near starvation food consumption.  Statistically loss life and access to food were significant at p-value of 0.001 and p-value of 0.000 respectively. The study found that CCA requires access and control of factors of production which were traditionally under the control of male fishers making women more vulnerable and susceptible to surviving through chamas and table banking activities. Statistically access to and control was significant to adaptation at p-value of 0.000. The study concluded that lack of alternative livelihood opportunities/options is the major constraints to adaptation for people living in the Lake Victoria region escalated with limitation of skills outside fishing industry, limitation of other employable professional skills including lack of capital. The study recommends a transdiciplinary consientization of adaptive strategies which can translate into flexible and sustainable CCA gender inclusive livelihood activities. Future research should explore participatory action research on environmental influences affecting CCA by comparing findings across other beaches.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

The Impact of Women’s Employment on Marital Stability in Qatar Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Noora Ahmed Lari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Motivation ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The State of Qatar has implemented several family policies in order to improve the wellbeing of Qatari families and ensure fair distribution of development benefits for both men and women. However, there is a linkage between female employment outside the home and instability in the marriages of Qatari families. This paper investigates the impact of female employment on marital stability, based on the results of primary data collected in Qatar, a questionnaire that consisted of several sections such as challenges in the workplace, supervisor, family and spouse relations, work motivation and performance. Of the 824 questionnaires that were returned, 807 were completed and valid for analysis. Regression analysis and an ANOVA test have been used to test the relationship between the variables. The results of the research have produced mixed findings about how wives’ employment increases marital instability and have yielded few significant differences on mean scores of discuss on work demands, insufficient time together, housework, financial matters, communication, relatives and rearing children. The results indicates that in general Qatar working women face several challenges in relation to their marital life as part of cultural and social constraints.

A Study On Impact Of Work Life Related Factors On Employee Engagement In Health Care Sector Workers In Dindigul District.

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
S. JAYARAMAN ◽  
R. Sindhya ◽  
P. Vijiyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Care Sector ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact

this research aims to find out the intensity of Employee Engagement of the health care sector workers and the relationship between the Work life factors and Employee Engagement of Health care sector workers in Dindigul District. Primary data were used in this research, were collected from 298 Health care workers from Dindigul District. Questionnaire was the major tool used to gather the primary data from the selected sample respondents. For this purpose, a well structured questionnaire was constructed with the help of professionals and the practiced employees of various health care units in Dindigul District. The health care employees were chosen by simple random sampling method. The investigative measures of regression Path analysis, and simple percentage analysis were utilized to find the impact of work life related factors with the Employee Engagement. The maximum Health care workers were generally satisfied with their jobs. The analytical procedure of path analysis multiple regressions was utilized to determine the predicting strength among Work life factors and the employee engagement. This study provides an another view about the importance of Work life factors and Employee engagement for organizational effectiveness and performance .

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