scholarly journals Effects of the walnut Plukenetia conophora shell in the diet on the growth performance and genotoxicity of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Simeon O. Ayoola ◽  
Loveth N. Omoile
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Aquaculture industry is facing challenges of the high cost of fish feed, and therefore it is very crucial to explore the alternative raw materials for feed formulation at the lowest cost. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Plukenetia conophora shells on the growth, haematological and biochemical parameters, and its genotoxicity on African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles. Five experimental diets were formulated having three replicates at 0% (0WS), 25% (25WS), 50% (50WS), 75% (75WS) and 100% (100WS) inclusion of walnut shell respectively. The fishes were fed on experimental diet two time a day for 12 weeks. The results showed that the fish in tank 25WS had the best weight gain with the mean of 33.5±5.8 g and the least was recorded in tank 100WS. The specific growth rate was highest in-tank 75WS with the mean value of 0.46±0.05 g was recorded. The highest feed intake was found in fish fed with 25% inclusion of P. conophora.  The fish fed with P. conophorashowed increased values of haemoglobin, (12.05±1.63g/dL), Red blood cell, (2.785±0.28µL) and White blood cell, (11.25±4.59µL) compared with control diet values of fish fed of  Red blood cell, (1.81±1.54µL) and White blood cell, (5.15±6.57µL). There was a reduction in the haematological value of the fish fed with control feed having Haemoglobin, (10.75±8.13g/dL). The genotoxicity test that was carried out showed that the highest counts of micronucleus were in tank 75WS. The Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) shows a significant difference (p0.05) in the growth performance of the fish. It is concluded that inclusion of 50% P. conophora shells in the feed of C. gariepinus gave no negative impact on the health status  and growth performance of the fish.  Keywords: Toxicity test, Growth indices, Plukenetia conophora, Clarias gariepinus  

scholarly journals Effect of environmental regulated water temperature variations on survival, growth performance and haematology of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Ogunji ◽  
Jude Awoke
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin

A 56 day study was carried out to evaluate effect of temperature changes on survival, growth performance and haematology of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diet. Ninety (90) Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, (initial mean weight 4.33±0.03g) were subjected to different environmental regulated temperature conditions in three locations (laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse). The observed average temperature was 26.53±0.01°C, 26.06±0.01°C and 31.52±0.00°C for laboratory, outdoor, greenhouse, respectively. Ten fingerlings stocked per experimental tank were fed in triplicates at 5% body weight in two portions per day. It was observed that different water temperatures affected fish growth. All experimental fish in the greenhouse died after 8 days of exposure. This happened around 14.00 hrs when water temperature reached 40°C. There was no significant difference (P<0.5) in final weight, weight gain, food conversion ratio and standard growth rate among the fish reared in the laboratory (26.53°C) and outside tanks (26.06°C), respectively. The initial carcass crude protein (Cp) value was 58.97%. At the end of the experiment fish reared in the laboratory had a crude protein value of 63.97±0.06% Cp and those reared outdoor (26.06°C) had 71.28±0.00% Cp. No significant difference in values of packed cell volume; white blood cell; haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between fish reared in laboratory (26.53°C) and outside (26.06°C). However, the red blood cell (RBC); mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume showed significant difference (P>0.05). The result confirms that Clarias gariepinus fingerlings reared at a mean temperature of 26°C (within the recorded optimal temperature range for good growth) performed well. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings are not able to survive when water temperature reaches to 40oC.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Carcass Analysis of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Juveniles Fed Varying Inclusion Levels Of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria Ternatea) Seed Meal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adedokun Mathew Adewale ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Significant Difference

High cost of qualitative fish feed is one of problems hampering the development and profitability of fish farming and consequently leads to food insecurity in terms of food availability and accessibility. The study was conducted to determine growth parameters and carcass composition of Clarias gariepinus juveniles of mean weight 21.74g+0.54g fed with varying levels of dietary inclusion of Clitoria ternatea seed meal substituted for soybean meal over a period of eight weeks. Four iso-nitrogenous experimental diets were formulated at 0% (control), 25%, 50% and 100% inclusion levels of C. ternatea seed meal. The 8-week feeding experiment was conducted in rectangular plastic tanks, each treatment having three replicates with two feeding regime at 5% body weight and weighed every week. At the end of the intensive feeding period, samples from each treatment were oven dried for nutritive analysis of the fish carcass. The values of mean weight gain for diets I and III were 27.7+1.11 and 27.23+0.94 respectively. Comparatively, the growth parameters values; FI(g), SGR(%), FCR(g), PER(%) and NPU(%) for control diet and diet III were the best with no significant difference (p>0.05). The Carcass evaluation revealed that Diet I had the highest crude protein which was not significantly different (p>0.05) from diet III. It was established that fish fed 50% inclusion level of C. ternatea seed meal had effective comparable biological values with the control diet in terms of growth performance and feed utilization. The total fish production (kg) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between diets I and III.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik Bacillus cereus P22 dan Staphylococcus lentus L1k pada pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Lilik Setiyaningsih ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti3 ◽  
Munti Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference

The aimed of this research was to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotic microcapsules B.cereus P22 and S. lentus (L1k) at different dose and frequency on growth performance, immune response and resistance of African catfish infected with A. Hydrophila. Probiotics used in this study were B. cereus P22 and S. lentus L1k encapsulated by spray draying method. The research was carried out for 56 days with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments were K- (negative control), K+ (positive control), A (feed supplemented with 0,5% of microencapsulated probiotic, fedevery day), B (feed supplemented with 0,5% of microencapsulated probiotic, fed once every three days), C (feed supplemented with 1% of microencapsulated probiotic, fed every day), D (feed supplemented with 1% of microencap-sulated probiotic with an administration once every three days), E (feed with 2% of microencapsulated probiotic with an administration every day) and F (feed with 2% of microencapsulated probiotic with an administration once every three days). On day 42, all of the fish except K- were challenged by intramuscular injection of A. hydrophila (108 CFU ml-1). In 40 days after infection, there were no significant difference on survival rate (SR) between treatments (p> 0.05). Treatment E displayed the higher growth rate (4,54±0,02%), total probiotic B. cereus (P22) and S . lentus (L1k) (4.06± 0.09 log CFU g-1; 4.02±0.08 log CFU g-1) than other treatments; whereas treatment D showed the best feed conversion rasio(1.191±0.013), and treatment F offered the highest total bacterial count (7.11±0.53 log CFU g-1). An administration of 2% microencapsulated probiotic in every day frequency demonstrated the better growth performance, immune res-ponse and resistance of African catfish to A. hydrophila compare with other treatments. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dosis dan frekuensi pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik melalui pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini meng-gunakan Bacillus cereus P22 dan Staphylococcus lentus L1k yang telah dienkapsulasi melalui metode spray draying. Penelitian ini dilaksankan selama 56 hari dengan delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan, terdiri atas perlakuan K- (kon-trol negatif), K+ (kontrol positif), A (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 0,5% frekuensi setiap hari), B (pakan+mikro-kapsul probiotik dosis 0,5% frekuensi tiga hari sekali), C (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 1% frekuensi setiap hari), D (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 1% frekuensi tiga hari sekali), E (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 2% fre-kuensi setiap hari) dan F (pakan+mikrokapsul probiotik dosis 2% frekuensi tiga hari sekali). Ikan diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila pada hari ke 42 dengan kepadatan 108 CFU ml-1 secara intramuscular (kecuali K- diinjeksi dengan phos-phate buffer saline). Setelah 40 hari pascainjeksi, laju sintasan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antarperlakuan (p>0,05).Perlakuan E menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan (4,54±0,02%) dan total probiotik B. cereus (P22) dan S. lentus (L1k) (4,06±0,09 log CFU g-1; 4,02±0,08 log CFU g-1) tertinggi; sementara perlakuan D memberikan hasil nisbah konversi pakan terbaik (1,191±0,013), perlakuan F menunjukkan total bacterial count tertinggi (7,11±0,53 log CFU g-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 2% yang diberikan setiap hari memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan, respons imun, dan resistensi ikan lele terhadap A. hydrophila. 

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Growth Performance and Nutrients Utilization of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1882) Fed Chicken Offal and Shrimp-Based Diets

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elvis Monfung Ayim ◽  
Ettah Akpang Ivon ◽  
Raymond Odey Ajang ◽  
Akaninyene Paul Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fish Group

A comparative study on the growth performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed shrimp based diet (SBD), chicken offal based diet (COBD) and coppens feed was carried-out for 22 weeks in concrete tanks measuring 3.5 x 1.7 x 1.5 m3. Triplicate groups of 40 juveniles with average length of 9.15 ± 0.17cm and weight of 20.00 ± 2.58g were stored in each tank. A total of 360 juveniles were used throughout the study. Fish were fed daily at 3% of their body weight through-out the duration of the experiment. The nutrient composition of the 3 nutrients differed significantly at p<0.05. Weight gain (WG) (g) was highest (17189.33 ± 506.61g) in fish fed diet A (Coppens feed), followed by 15045.33±202.42 g (diet B) (SBD) and least (14357.33 ± 108.25 g) (diet C) (COBD). The Growth rate (GR) was highest in fish fed with diet A (111.62 ± 3.29 g/day), followed by 97.69±1.31 g/day (diet B), and least (93.23±0.70 g/day) in diet C. Specific growth rate (SGR) was highest in juveniles fed diet A (2.02 ± 0.02 %/day), followed by 1.94±0.01 %/day for diet B, and least (1.91±0.01 %/day) for diet C. Mean growth rate (MGR) was highest in juveniles fed diet A (11.88 ± 0.29 mg/day), followed by 11.74±0.15 mg/day for diet B, and least (11.69±0.09 mg/day) in fish fed diet C. The WG, GR and SGR varied significantly between the juvenile fish group fed the 3 diets at p<0.05, while MGR did not vary significantly between fish group fed the 3 diets at p>0.05. Fish fed diet A had a higher feed consumption (FC) (41650.00 ± 315.34 g/kg), than that fed diet B (39034.24 ± 86.34 g/kg) and then diet C (38276.00 ± 342.97 g/kg). Juveniles fed Coppens feed did better, with a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 2.42 ± 0.06, followed by 2.59±0.04 for diet B and 2.67 ± 0.03 for fish fed diet C. Feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was higher in fish fed diet A (41.26±0.94 %), followed by 38.54 ± 0.54 % (diet B) and least (37.52 ± 0.51 %) (diet C). The FC and FCR varied significantly between the fish fed the 3 diets at p<0.05, while FCE was not significantly different between the 3 treatment groups at p>0.05. The water parameters of the culture water varied significantly between each treatment groups (p<0.05), and were within the rage suitable for normal growth of fish. Though coppens feed yielded better growth performance and feed utilisation, the use of COBD and SBD is recommended for fish farmers in Nigeria. More researches should be carried out on using chicken offals and shrimps in fish feed formulation.

scholarly journals Efficacy of nano zinc oxide dietary supplements on growth performance, immunomodulation and disease resistance of African catfish Clarias gariepinus

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
HH Mahboub ◽  
K Shahin ◽  
AW Zaglool ◽  
EM Roushdy ◽  
SAA Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Significant Difference

Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element in fish diets that is required for growth, immunity and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The current study assessed the effects of both organic and nanoparticle zinc oxide (ZnO and ZnO-NPs, respectively) on growth performance, immune response and the antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fish were fed either a control diet or diets supplemented with organic ZnO at concentrations of 20 and 30 mg kg-1 or ZnO-NPs at concentrations of 20 and 30 mg kg-1. After 60 d, a subset of the fish was injected intraperitoneally with 3 × 107 CFU ml-1 of P. aeruginosa. Results showed that body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and specific growth rates were significantly increased in ZnO-NPs20 compared to all other groups. The dietary supplementation with 20 mg kg-1 of ZnO-NPs improved the antioxidant status of fish. Moreover, IgM, lysozyme and nitric oxide showed a significant increase in the fish which received the ZnO-NPs20-supplemented diet. A significant upregulation of growth and stress-related genes was seen in the ZnO-NPs20-supplemented group compared to other groups. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of immune-related genes among ZnO-NPs20, ZnO-NPs30 and ZnO30 groups. These findings highlight the potential use of nano-ZnO for improving growth performance, antioxidant status, immunological status and antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa in African catfish.

Growth performances, nutrient utilization and haematology of Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed varying concentrations of Gongronema latifolium leaf extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
J.C. Ikwuemesi ◽  
O.E. Irozuru ◽  
I.J. Okwu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium

There had been growing interest in the use of extracts from different plants species to boost fish production. In this study Gongronema latifolium leaf extract was supplemented in a commercial diet of Clarias gariepinus juveniles at varying concentrations of 0.5g (T2), 1.0g (T3) and 1.5g (T4) per kg of feed while the control (T1) had no leaf extract. They were fed for 8weeks while growth performance and haematological data were collected and analysed. Proximate composition of the fish flesh was carried out after the feeding trials. The initial mean weight ranged between 9.0±0.5 to 9.0±0.7g, the best mean weight gain (14.3±2.0g) was observed in T3 while the least (12.3±6.2) in T2. Specific growth rate recorded was 5.4±0.4, 5.3±0.5, 5.4±0.1 and 5.3±0.2 for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the survival rates among treatments. The best feed conversion ratio was observed in T3 and the control group. The results of haematological indices revealed that red blood count ranged between 3.0±0.1109cells/l in T3 to 33.61±0.2 109cells/l in T1, pack cell volume (38.9±1.3%) was best in T1, the least white blood cell (165.1±4.9109cells/l) in T4 while the highest level (169.8±1.3109cells/l) was recorded in (T1). The platelets and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration showed no significant difference amongst the treatments. The haematological results showed that the leaf extract enhanced the status of some of the haematological parameters such as the white blood cell. The proximate composition of the fish flesh was not significantly different amongst the treatments. The findings of this study also revealed that increase in the concentration of the leaf extract affected the acceptability of the feed hence a decline in growth. Considering the foregoing, G. latifolium leaf extract has shown to have some prospects in aquaculture when supplemented at various concentrations. Keywords: Gongronema latifolium, Clarias gariepinus, haematology, leaf extract, juveniles

scholarly journals Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fed varying dietary phosphorus levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Ezike Christopher Onyemaechi ◽  
Chukwuka Doris Queen ◽  
Echor Felix Okaliwe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

One hundred and twenty (120) juveniles of African catfish Clarias gariepinus were obtained in May 2015 from a reputable Fish Farm in Enugu to the University Research Farm (latitude 074o North and 082o South, longitude 068o East and 076o West with annual mean temperature of 30oC). The fish were fed for 49 days from June – July 2015 with diets containing 4 different inclusion levels of phosphorus T1 [0.6% P], T2 [0.8% P], T3 [1.00% P], T4 [1.2% P] and T5 [0% P] which served as control diet, to determine optimum P requirement for fish growth at probability level of P < 0.05 between various treatments and control. Each diet was formulated to contain 40% crude protein composed of yellow maize, soybean cake, palm kernel cake and fish meal. Fish fed with graded levels of phosphorus were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than control in FW and MDWG. There was however no significant difference (P > 0.05) in FCR and PER between T1, T2, T4 and control but T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) better in FCR (0.33) than control (0.39). Similarly, T3 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in PER than control. Fish in T3 had the best growth performance indicative that 1% P is the optimum requirement for the growth of C. gariepinus.Res. Agric. Livest. Fish.4(3): 215-220, December 2017

scholarly journals Evaluation of toxicity and response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to manganese chloride solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
T.M. Awolola ◽  
J.O. Areola ◽  
T.T. Aladesanmi ◽  
B.E. Arayombo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Manganese Chloride ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
The Mean

This study investigated the acute toxicity and behavioural response of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to manganese chloride (MnCl ) solution.  One hundred (100) pieces of juvenile Clarias gariepinus were acclimatized 2 for 14 days in ten (10) plastic bowls containing 25 L of water each. The acute-toxicity of manganese chloride, LC and sub chronic exposure (28 days) were investigated. For sub-lethal exposure; fifty pieces of C. gariepinus  50 were divided into five groups of ten in bowls labelled (A to E). The fish in groups (A to D) were exposed to manganese chloride solutions at: 68.5, 137, 205.5 and 274 mg/L respectively while group G served as the control. On day 28, the exposed fish were sacrificed; blood, muscle, liver, and gills were collected for haematological and histological studies. The activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-Stransferase (GST) were determined using standard methods. The manganese concentrations in the liver, gills and muscle tissues were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The LC obtained 50 was 2.74 g/L. The mean water temperature showed that there was no significant variation at (p < 0.05) between the control and other groups. The results of growth parameters showed that fish exposed to 137 mg/L manganese  concentration had better growth performance than those exposed to higher concentrations. The activities of SOD and GST in the liver of fish  increased significantly (p < 0.05) as manganese concentration increases. The red blood cells concentrations decreases while white blood cells  increases as the concentration of manganese increases respectively. The mean bioaccumulation of manganese in the organs of C. gariepinus followed the order of liver > gill > muscle. The histopathological study revealed alterations in the liver, gill and muscle tissues. This study concluded that manganese at concentration greater than 137 mg/L elicits adverse effect on C. gariepinus growth performance, haematology, histopathology as well as liver SOD and GST activities. Key words: Behavioural response, Cat-fish, Juvenile, Manganese chloride, Toxicity

Effects of dietary Phaeodactylum tricornutum supplementation on gustation, stomach histology and growth performance of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Oluyemi K. Gbadamosi ◽  
W. Obe Bernadine
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Significant Difference

This study assessed the effects of microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum supplement on the gustation, stomach histology, growth performance and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. One hundred and fifty (150) C. gariepinus juveniles of mean weight 20.05±0.05g were distributed into 15 plastic tanks (40×30×35) cm3. Five graded levels (0.00 (control), 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.00g/100g of P. tricornutum supplements were included in the diets of C. gariepinus denoted as Control, PT1, PT2, PT4 and PT5, respectively. Fish were fed for 56 days at 5% body weight. Results at the end of the experiments showed that the highest body weight was recorded in fish fed 1.5g/100g P. tricornutum diets. The best feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and percentage survival was found in PT3. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the feed intake of fish with PT4 having the highest feed intake. The stomach histology revealed increase in the gustation cells in the stomach of experimental fish with increasing levels of P. tricornutum supplementation. This study showed that the inclusion of P. tricornutum supplement at 1.5g/100g level in the diet of C. gariepinus juveniles improved the gustation, growth performance and nutrient utilization of C. gariepinus. Keywords: Microalgae, Aqua feed, Nutrition, Gustation, African catfish

A Comparison of Automated Red Blood Cell Depletion/Exchange to Automated Red Cell Blood Exchange in Sickle Cell Patients.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 2281-2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H.M. Kuo ◽  
David Barth
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
P Value ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Blood Exchange ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Abstract 2281 Introduction: Chronic red blood cell (RBC) exchange transfusion (RBCX) is employed in the prevention and treatment of complications from sickle cell disease (SCD). Although regular automated RBCX by an apheresis device can consistently maintain a low sickle hemoglobin (HbS) percentage at a relatively constant hematocrit level (Hct) with no iron loading, it exposes the patient to significantly more donor erythrocyte units than simple (top-up) transfusion. Since October 2010 the University Health Network, a sickle cell comprehensive care centre in Canada, has started performing automated depletion RBCX with the Caridian Optia Apheresis System. In depletion/exchange, a portion of the patient's RBC is first cytapheresed by the apheresis device prior to the exchange phase of the procedure, with albumin as colloid replacement to maintain intravascular volume and pressure. The clinical effectiveness of depletion/exchange has not been demonstrated in a systematic manner. A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that depletion/exchange RBCX, when compared to traditional automated RBCX, will reduce a patient's donor RBC exposure while providing similar hematological and clinical benefit. The laboratory and clinical outcome 1 year before (October 1, 2009) and 1 year after (October 30, 2011) the introduction of depletion/exchange RBCX were compared on a patient-by-patient, rather than on an aggregate, basis. Results: Seven patients, 2 females, 5 males, median age 29 years (range 26 – 38 years), totaling 135 RBCX sessions were examined. Five patients were homozygous for the sickle mutation and 2 were SC compound heterozygotes (HbSC). Stroke was the most prevalent indication (n = 3). Median interval between exchange sessions was 5 weeks (range 4 – 8 weeks). The fraction cell remaining (FCR) was fixed at 20 and did not change when patients were transitioned from non-depleted to depleted exchange. The minimum Hct was reduced to 0.24 in all patients. The inlet speed of the apheresis device and anticoagulant ratio employed were similar across all patients. There was no significant difference in pre-RBCX HbS (or HbS+C in HbSC patients) in 6 patients (P value ranged from 0.0589 to 0.6870). The pre-RBCX HbS was higher with depletion/exchange in 1 patient (P = 0.0071). There was no significant difference in post-RBCX Hct in 5 patients (P value ranged from 0.1056 to 0.8995), and in 2 patients, the mean post-RBCX Hct was lower with depletion/exchange (P = 0.0004 and 0.0148). The mean RBC volume used was reduced by 25 mL/kg/year with depletion/exchange. The mean volume of albumin used was 6.0 ± 2.5 mL/kg per session. Ferritin remained stable throughout the study period (P = 0.2289). None of the patients were on iron chelators. There was no significant difference in mean duration of RBCX session between depletion/exchange and non-depletion exchange in all patients except one. The median duration of one session was 148 ± 51 min. and 147 ± 43 min. in depletion/exchange and non-depletion exchange respectively. A total of 11 adverse events occurred in 135 sessions, with citrate reaction being the commonest (n = 4). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse event between depletion and non-depletion RBCX (8/74 and 4/61 respectively, P = 0.3874). There was also no incidence of treatment failure, defined as the occurrence of an SCD-related complication in which the RBCX was intended to prevent, in any of the patients during the entire study period, regardless of RBCX method. Conclusion: In this first clinical study of depletion/exchange, this strategy significantly reduced RBC usage in majority of the patients without any negative impact on laboratory and clinical outcome. The use of depletion/exchange reduced RBC usage by 25 mL/kg/year, equivalent to 5 units of packed RBC in a 60 kg person. Further optimization of the technique by modification of the FCR and minimum Hct may yield higher reduction in RBC usage, thereby reducing the risk of exposure to blood products. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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