scholarly journals High-integrity human intervention in ecosystems: Tracking self-organization modes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. e1009427
Author(s):  
Yuval R. Zelnik ◽  
Yair Mau ◽  
Moshe Shachak ◽  
Ehud Meron
Keyword(s):  
Self Organization ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Integrity ◽  
Uniform Manner

Humans play major roles in shaping and transforming the ecology of Earth. Unlike natural drivers of ecosystem change, which are erratic and unpredictable, human intervention in ecosystems generally involves planning and management, but often results in detrimental outcomes. Using model studies and aerial-image analysis, we argue that the design of a successful human intervention form calls for the identification of the self-organization modes that drive ecosystem change, and for studying their dynamics. We demonstrate this approach with two examples: grazing management in drought-prone ecosystems, and rehabilitation of degraded vegetation by water harvesting. We show that grazing can increase the resilience to droughts, rather than imposing an additional stress, if managed in a spatially non-uniform manner, and that fragmental restoration along contour bunds is more resilient than the common practice of continuous restoration in vegetation stripes. We conclude by discussing the need for additional studies of self-organization modes and their dynamics.

THE ESSENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF SELF-COMMUNICATION DISCOURSE AS AN INTERNAL DIALOGUE

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
I. A. Shapoval ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Mental Content ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
The Core ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Internal Dialogue ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Common

The paper presents the interdisciplinary analysis of the determinants of the system of self-communication discourse and internal dialogue as the forms of objectivation of human mental content focused on some actions for meeting some objectives. The author describes discourse as integration of communication and language processes in self-understanding and personal identity. Contextually determined and dynamic self-communication discourse, as a way of acquirement of new senses and confirmation of old ones, verbalizes current personal values. The study results reveal the characteristics and relations of the internal dialogue discourse determinants within the human objectivity–subjectivity continuum. Discourse determinants prescribe its context and rules and include the prototype place and agents with their motives and objectives. Self-positions manifested in Self and Non-Self (Other Self) binary self-predications form the core pair of agents. The modality of a person’s attitude to own Self-positions makes their communications a dialogue or a monologue on the boundary of their sub-territories as a discourse prototype place. The degree of discourse agency, its closeness within the prototype place, or transgression openness depends on the complexity and differentiation of Self-concept and ego boundaries functionality. The frustration of meta-necessity to keep self-confidence and self-acceptance by reassessment and reformation of interrelations of Self-positions determines the motives and objectives of self-communication. The common goal of self-organization is implemented through the internal dialogue in the form of institutionalization, verification, and integration of their Self-predications. Status-role characteristics of agents and functionality of discourse prototype place determine the specificity of its motives and objectives according to the systemic effects of Self-organization.

scholarly journals A System Framework for LTE SON

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Zhan Jun Liu ◽  
Cong Ren ◽  
Cheng Chao Liang
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
System Framework ◽  
Organization Networks

To meet the requirements of reducing human intervention and operational expenditures (POEX) of LTE SON (Self-organization Networks), a system framework for LTE SON is designed in this paper. In order to match the standard IRP (Integration Reference Point), the framework is divided into six layers, and then functions of some layers are presented.

Research on Measure Method of Common Normal Length Variation of Bilateral Modification Gear

2012 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
Yu Lan Wei ◽  
Qi Bo Yan ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Ying Ying Fan
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Normal Length ◽  
Coordinate Measurement ◽  
Coordinate Measurement Machine ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

In the conditions of rationally selecting of the measure tooth number, this paper puts forward a new method to calculate the common normal length variation, which is based on coordinate measurement machine to collect the data of bilateral modification gear's outline. Firstly, the addendum modification coefficient and tangential modification coefficient are used to determine the optimum measure tooth number, and then the common normal length variation is determined according to the definition. The experiment has shown that this way has a lot of advantages, such as the intensive data of sample points, less human intervention and high measurement accuracy.

The Effect of Si Content on the Mechanical Properties of Rheocast Al Components Using the RHEOMETALTM Process

2008 ◽  
Vol 141-143 ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Ping Cao ◽  
Olof Granath ◽  
Magnus Wessen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Lower Yield Strength ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Integrity ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Si Content

The RHEOMETALTM process is a commercially used semi-solid process for production of high integrity cast components. The process differs from most other semi-solid casting processes in that temperature control is not necessary during processing and large amount of slurry with required solid fraction can be quickly produced. The simplicity of this process has led to a large commercial interest during the last year. This work is based on an investigation regarding the variation of as-cast mechanical properties for secondary Al-Si based alloys (~2.5 % Cu) with a Si content varying from 4.55 to 8.90 % using the RHEOMETALTM process. The purpose was to find the most suitable Al-Si alloy for rheocasting, in comparison with the common HPDC-alloy A380 (EN-AC46000). It was found that lower Si containing alloys exhibited better elongation but slightly lower yield strength. The alloy containing 5.39 wt% Si showed the highest ultimate tensile strength in this investigation. The lower Si containing alloys also demonstrated better feedability in the rheocasting process, which is contrary to what normally is found for normal liquid casting processes. Based on the results in this investigation it is recommended to use an alloy containing about 5-7 wt% Si for rheocasting purposes.

scholarly journals Study of Evolution Model of China Education and Research Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyong Mao ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
The Common ◽  
Few Vertices

By searching the hyperlinks with domain name “.edu.cn” which constitutes the China Education and Research Network, we build a complex directed network containing 366,422 web pages containing 540,755 URLs. These URLs constitute a complex directed network through self-organization. By analyzing the topology of China Education and Research Network, we found that it is different from the common Internet in several aspects. Most of the vertices have incoming links, a few vertices have outgoing links, and very few vertices have both incoming and outgoing links. The vertex distribution has a power-law tail. A large proportion of newly added edges always connect with those pages selected from one subnetwork that they belong to, instead of connecting with the pages selected from the whole network. According to these features, we presented the evolution model of this complex directed network. The results indicate that this model reflects some main characteristics of China Education and Research Network.

Fasteners: Strength and Quality Requirements

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Kirkemo
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Integrity ◽  
Low Strength ◽  
Minimum Quality ◽  
Primary Load

Heavy hex nuts may be selected with similar hardness to the studs to avoid stripping of nut threads for pressure containing (closure bolting) and primary load bearing bolting. However, industry specification for subsea production systems, e.g. such as API Specifications 6A, 16A, 16C, and 17D, allows the use of low strength heavy hex nuts, e.g. ASTM A194 Grade 2HM or 7M, to be applied together with high strength studs, e.g. ASTM A320 Grades L43 or L7. In the refining and chemical industries the common practice is to use ASTM A193 B7 studs with 2H nuts. Calculations and testing of nuts have been performed and capacity formulas have been established for nut structural capacities. Guidance is given on selecting nut strength/hardness to avoid stripping of nut threads. ASTM specifications give minimum quality requirements during manufacture. A brief review of standard quality requirements is given and guidance for additional requirements for high integrity fasteners in order to have equivalent quality as pressure containing forgings is given. The results from this paper may be used as background for requirements in code updates and purchaser specifications.

SOLVING TRAFFIC JAMS: HUMAN INTERVENTION OR SELF-ORGANIZATION?

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014
Author(s):  
ETAY MAR OR ◽  
ERAN SHIR ◽  
SORIN SOLOMON
Keyword(s):  
Critical Density ◽  
Original Model ◽  
The Self ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Jamming Transition ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
External Intervention

We study the effect of external intervention on the self-organized jamming phase transition. The classical traffic model of Biham, Middleton, and Levine (BML) is modified to give priority to longer queues. It is shown that this lowers the critical density at which the jamming transition takes place (in comparison to the original model).

scholarly journals Research assessments should recognize responsible research practices — Narrative review of a lively debate and promising developments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Aubert Bonn ◽  
Lex Bouter
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Integrity ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
The Way

Research assessments have been under growing scrutiny in the past few years. The way in which researchers are assessed has a tangible impact on decisions and practices in research. Yet, there is an emerging understanding that research assessments as they currently stand might hamper the quality and the integrity of research. In this chapter, we provide a narrative review of the shortcomings of current research assessments and showcase innovative actions that aim to address these. To discuss these shortcomings and actions, we target five different dimensions of research assessment. First, we discuss the content of research assessment, thereby introducing the common indicators used to assess researchers and the way these indicators are being used. Second, we address the procedure of research assessments, describing the resources needed for assessing researchers in an ever-growing research system. Third, we describe the crucial role of assessors in improving research assessments. Fourth, we present the broader environments in which researchers work, explaining that omnipresent competition and employment insecurity also need to be toned down substantially to foster high quality and high integrity research. Finally, we describe the challenge of coordinating individual actions to ensure that the problems of research assessments are addressed tangibly and sustainably.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation study on the crack propagation of conglomerate

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 202178
Author(s):  
Senlin Luo ◽  
Hongkui Ge ◽  
Jianbo Wang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Yinghao Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Test ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Gravel Content ◽  
The Common

The conglomerate reservoir is rich in oil and gas reserves; however, the gravel's mechanical properties and laws are difficult to gain through laboratory experiments, which furthermore constrain the hydraulic fracturing design. To analyse the failure law of conglomerate, we simulated the uniaxial compression test based on discrete element software PFC2D and analysed the effect of different cementation strength, gravel content and gravel geometry on the rock deformation and failure characteristics. Results show that (i) as the cementation strength decreases, the compressive strength and elasticity modulus both reduce clearly, while the crack shapes get more complex and the critical value is 0.3; (ii) as the gravel content increases, the conglomerate strength first decreases then increases under the influences of cracks bypassing gravels; cementation strength and gravel content of the conglomerate both contribute to the increase in local additional stress, which leads to a series of changes in crack shapes and mechanical properties of the conglomerate. Based on the above research, the conglomerate strength and crack shapes after failure are relatively complex due to the common influence of cementation strength and gravel content. The gravel edge crack caused by stress concentration is the micro-mechanism that affects the conglomerate mechanical properties.

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