scholarly journals Personality profiles and meteoropathy intensity: A comparative study between young and older adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241817
Author(s):  
Marcin Rzeszutek ◽  
Włodzimierz Oniszczenko ◽  
Iwona Zalewska ◽  
Małgorzata Pięta
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Two Age Groups

Objectives This study’s main aims were to investigate the Big Five personality trait heterogeneity of study participants in two age groups and to examine whether these traits’ heterogeneity can explain possible individual differences in meteoropathy intensity. Method The sample was comprised of 758 participants divided into two age groups: 378 young adults (18–30 years old) and 380 older adults (60+ years old). The participants filled out online or paper versions of the METEO-Q questionnaire and the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Results A latent profile analysis of the completed inventories showed various personality profiles differ in meteoropathy intensity. However, personality’s differentiating effect on meteoropathy was observed only among the young adult group. Conclusions Our study’s results indicate that there is no one personality trait pattern that fits all individuals regarding sensitivity to weather changes. This issue is especially visible when considering age differences.

Dyadic profiles of personality among older couples: Associations with marital quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 2012-2031
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Wang ◽  
Kyungmin Kim ◽  
Jeffrey E. Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Personality Similarity ◽  
Marital Strain

Understanding dyadic personality configurations and their associations with marital quality helps identify couples who are at high risk of marital strain. However, current research on personality similarity among spouses usually confounds couples with similarly positive and similarly negative personalities. This study aimed to (1) provide a clearer classification of dyadic personality profiles among older couples, (2) examine the associations between these profiles and both partners’ marital quality, and (3) explore gender differences in these associations. Data came from 3,178 older couples drawn from the 2010/2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Latent profile analysis was used to identify dyadic personality profiles based on spouses’ standardized Big Five personality scores. Multilevel models examined associations between dyadic personality profiles and each partner’s marital quality, testing for gender differences as well. Six dyadic personality profiles were identified, including two opposite profiles (52%; positive wife–negative husband and positive husband–negative wife), two similar profiles (40%; similarly positive and similarly negative), and two extreme profiles (8%; extremely negative husband and extremely negative wife). Couples in the similarly positive profile reported the best marital quality, whereas couples in the similarly negative profile and the two extreme profiles reported the worst marital quality. The associations between profiles characterized by negative traits and marital quality were more pronounced among wives than husbands. This study advances the understanding of personality similarity and its consequences, suggesting heterogeneous subgroups of dyadic personalities among older couples and providing evidence of gender differences in the implications of personality similarity for relationship quality.

scholarly journals LATENT PROFILE ANALYSIS OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, ANGER, AND ADHD IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S165-S165
Author(s):  
Sarah M Israel ◽  
Erica Szkody ◽  
Michael R Nadorff ◽  
Daniel L Segal
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Latent Profile

Abstract Older adults are generally happier, less likely to have depression or anxiety, and have better emotion regulation abilities than earlier in life. While older age predicts more hostile beliefs about others, older adults report less hostile behavior and no difference in covert hostility, compared to other age groups. However, brain regions associated with executive function and emotion regulation are impacted by even normal aging. Using latent profile analysis (LPA) we aimed to better understand what factors contribute to a dysregulated profile in older adults and how age altered the dysregulation profile. The current archival study includes data from 518 older adults between the ages of 60 and 95 years (M = 70.73, SD = 7.34). Participants completed the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (CATI) database. The CATI is a 250-item psychopathology and neuropsychological inventory that assesses over 40 clinical and neuropsychological disorders utilizing official DSM-5 criteria. A Dysregulated Profile was identified using an LPA of diagnosis subscales (i.e., Anxiety, Depression, Anger, and ADHD) that have been previously associated with dysregulation in children and young adults. Results demonstrated that female participants reported more ADHD symptoms (more impairment in executive function) than men. Furthermore, the dysregulated profile (high on all subscales) and age interacted such that, as age increased, scores on the Depression and Anger subscales decreased. No significant differences were found for any other interactions. Our findings are consistent with existing literature. Even in the dysregulated profile, participants reported less anger and depression with older age.

scholarly journals Effects of sources of social support and resilience on the mental health of different age groups during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fugui Li ◽  
Sihui Luo ◽  
Weiqi Mu ◽  
Yanmei Li ◽  
Liyuan Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Quantitative Evidence

Abstract Background A pandemic is a very stressful event, especially for highly vulnerable people (e.g., older adults). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the main and interactive relationships of social support and resilience on individual mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic across three age groups: emerging adults, adults, and older adults. Methods A survey was conducted with 23,192 participants aged 18–85. Respondents completed a questionnaire, including items on the COVID-19-related support they perceived from different sources, the abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Mental Health Inventory. Results Latent profile analysis identified five profiles of social support, and the patterns of potential profiles were similar in all groups. However, category distribution in the five profiles was significantly different among the age groups. Furthermore, analysis using the BCH command showed significant differences in mental health among these profiles. Lastly, interactive analyses indicated resilience had a positive relationship with mental health, and social support served as a buffer against the negative impact of low resilience on mental health. Conclusions This study provides quantitative evidence for socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) and enables several practical implications for helping different age groups protecting mental health during pandemic.

scholarly journals Age differences in the neural correlates of the specificity of recollection: an event-related potential study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Horne ◽  
Joshua Koen ◽  
Nedra Hauck ◽  
Michael Rugg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Test Items ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Retrieval Monitoring ◽  
Two Age Groups

In young adults, the neural correlates of successful recollection vary with the specificity (or amount) of information retrieved. We examined whether the neural correlates of recollection are modulated in a similar fashion in older adults. We compared event-related potential (ERP) correlates of recollection in samples of healthy young and older adults (N = 20 per age group). At study, participants were cued to make one of two judgments about each of a series of words. Subsequently, participants completed a memory test for studied and unstudied words in which they first made a Remember/Know/New (RKN) judgment, followed by a source memory judgment when a word attracted a ‘Remember’ (R) response. In young adults, the ‘left parietal effect’ – a putative ERP correlate of successful recollection – was largest for test items endorsed as recollected (R judgment) and attracting a correct source judgment, intermediate for items endorsed as recollected but attracting an incorrect or uncertain source judgment, and, relative to correct rejections, absent for items endorsed as familiar only (K judgment). In marked contrast, the left parietal effect was not detectable in older adults. Rather, regardless of source accuracy, studied items attracting an R response elicited a sustained, centrally maximum negative-going deflection relative to both correct rejections and studied items where recollection failed (K judgment). A similar retrieval-related negativity has been described previously in older adults, but the present findings are among the few to link this effect specifically to recollection. Finally, relative to correct rejections, all classes of correctly recognized old items elicited an age-invariant, late-onsetting positive deflection that was maximal over the right frontal scalp. This finding, which replicates several prior results, suggests that post-retrieval monitoring operations were engaged to an equivalent extent in the two age groups. Together, the present results suggest that there are circumstances where young and older adults engage qualitatively distinct retrieval-related processes during successful recollection.

Health-related lifestyle and dropout from a web-based physical activity intervention trial in older adults: A latent profile analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 481-490
Author(s):  
Tiara Ratz ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage ◽  
Claudia R. Pischke ◽  
Saskia Muellmann ◽  
Manuela Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Latent Profile

scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in Actual-Ideal Personality Trait Level Discrepancies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Hennecke ◽  
Paul Schumann ◽  
jule specht
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

People differ from each other in their typical patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion and these patterns are considered to constitute their personalities (Funder, 2001). For various reasons, for example because certain trait levels may help to attain certain goals or fulfill certain social roles, people may experience that their actual trait levels are different from their ideal trait levels. In this study, we investigated (1) the impact of age on discrepancies between actual and ideal Big Five personality trait levels and (2) the impact of these discrepancies on personality trait changes across a period of two years. We use data of a large, nationally representative, and age-diverse sample (N = 4,057, 17-94 years, M = 53 years). Results largely confirmed previously reported age effects on actual personality trait levels but were sometimes more complex. Ideal trait levels exceeded actual trait levels more strongly for younger compared to older adults. Unexpectedly, neither ideal trait levels nor their interaction with beliefs about the extent to which personality is malleable vs. fixed predicted trait change over two years (controlling for actual trait levels). We conclude that ideal-actual trait level discrepancies may provide an impetus for change but that they appear to neither alone nor in combination with the belief that personality trait change is possible suffice to produce such change. We discuss commitment, self-efficacy, and strategy knowledge as potential additional predictors of trait change.

Human-Technology Interaction Factors Associated with Electronic Personal Health Records (ePHRs) Use Among Younger and Older Adult Users: A Secondary Data Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Luo ◽  
Krystal Dozier ◽  
Carin Ikenberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Personal Health Record ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Interaction Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND An electronic personal health record (ePHR), also known as a personal health record (PHR), was broadly defined as an electronic application through which individuals can access, manage, and share their health information in a secure and confidential environment. Although ePHRs can benefit individuals as well as caregivers and healthcare providers, the use of ePHRs among individuals continues to remain low. The relationship between age and ePHRs use has been documented in previous studies, which indicated younger age was related to higher ePHRs use, and patients who are younger were more likely to use ePHRs. OBJECTIVE The current study aims to examine the relationship between human-technology interaction factors and ePHRs use among adults, and then compare the different effects of human-technology interaction factors on ePHRs use between younger adults (18-54 years old) and older adults (55 years of age and over). METHODS We analyzed the from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS5, Cycle 3) collected from U.S. adults aged 18 years old and over in 2019. Descriptive analysis was conducted for all variables and each item of ePHRs use. Bivariate tests (Pearson test for categorical variable and F-test for continuous variables) were conducted over four age groups. Lastly, adjusting for socio-demographics and healthcare resources, a weighted multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the relationship between human-technology interaction factors and ePHRs use. RESULTS The final sample size was 1,363 and divided into two age groups: 18-54 years old and 55 years of age and older. The average level of ePHRs use was low (Mean=2.76, range=0-8). There is no significant difference on average ePHRs use between two age groups. Including clinical notes was positively related to ePHRs use in both groups: 18-54 years old (beta=0.28, P<0.01), 55 years old and above (beta=0.15, P<0.01). While accessing ePHRs using a smartphone app was only associated with ePHRs use among younger adults (beta=0.29, P<0.001), ease to understand health information in ePHRs was positively linked to ePHRs use only among older adults (beta=0.13, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study found that including clinical notes was positively related to ePHRs use in both age groups, which suggested that including clinical notes as a part of ePHRs might improve the effective use of ePHRs among patients. Moreover, accessing ePHRs using a smartphone app was associated with higher ePHRs use among younger adults while ease of understanding health information in ePHRs was linked to higher ePHRs use among older adults. The design of ePHRs should provide the option of being accessible through mobile devices to promote greater ePHRs use among young people. For older adults, providers could add additional notes to explain health information recorded in the ePHRs.

scholarly journals Use of GPS for Older Adults to Decrease Driving Risk: Perceptions from Users and Non-Users

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Anne E. Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Driving Risk ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Healthy Community ◽  
Ability To Drive ◽  
Two Age Groups

Community mobility is important for social participation and quality of life. Thus, it is important to sustain older adults in their communities by supporting their ability to drive as long as possible. Use of global positioning system (GPS) technology may provide such support. This descriptive study examined 89 healthy community older adults’ perspective on using and programming a GPS after using it for wayfinding to unfamiliar destinations. Participants were equally divided between two age groups (60s, 70s) and familiarity with GPS (familiar, unfamiliar). The results showed age differences in problems following GPS directions and those who were familiar found it significantly easier to use. The majority of the unfamiliar group indicated an increased interest in using GPS and were significantly more interested in training to use a GPS. Preference for learning how to use a GPS included in-person delivery and practice with troubleshooting, using the menus and changing routes as topics critical for training. The implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals WHAT'S MOTIVATION GOT TO DO WITH IT? USING LATENT PROFILE ANALYSIS FOR BIOMARKERS & PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S930-S930
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Teas ◽  
Jay Kimiecik ◽  
Rose Marie Ward ◽  
Kyle Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Abstract Heart disease is prevalent among older adults. The aim of this study was to a) identify different health behavioral motivation profiles among older adults; and b) investigate if these profiles differed in physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors. Data on 79 participants (mean age = 68.76 years) was collected. Participants’ degree of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation for diet and exercise was assessed using intuitive eating and self-determination scales. Cardiometabolic risk factors included inflammation and blood lipids. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the optimal number of groups and one-way ANOVAs assessed group differences on the variables of interest. Three profiles were found to best represent the data. The most self-determined, or most intrinsically motivated, group comprised the highest number of participants. In line with Self-Determination Theory, this group demonstrated the highest levels of objective and self-reported physical activity as well as the lowest inflammation and most optimal cholesterol measures. The group with the lowest intuitive eating and high identified exercise regulation scores exhibited the worst outcomes among the three groups. The results suggest that among older adults, different types and levels of motivation for diet and exercise can coexist and interact, and these differences produce varying health outcomes. If supported by future work, these findings can inform practitioners in developing more specific and tailored interventions relevant to older adults based on their motivational profile.

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