scholarly journals Differentiating busking from begging: A psychological approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260781
Author(s):  
Robbie Ho ◽  
Wing Tung Au
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Street Performance ◽  
The Difference

Despite the research support that street performance is generally a beneficial element to public space, the legitimacy of street performance remains controversial. One critical issue is that busking is often confused with begging. With a psychological perspective, the present research examines the distinction of busking from begging. Two studies approached the problem from the viewpoints of street performers and passersby, respectively. Study 1 (N = 188) surveyed street performers on their reasons for street performance and reasons for why donations to street performance should be acceptable. The respondents could articulate various features of street performance along which busking could be similar to and yet distinguishable from begging. Study 2 (N = 189) experimentally compared busking and begging in how they could affect people’s perception of public space. Relative to public space with begging, public space with busking was perceived as significantly more comforting, more active, less prone to crimes, and overall more likeable. These descriptive (Study 1) and experimental (Study 2) findings help to clarify the difference between busking and begging: Street performance is not merely an act of soliciting donations in public space, but it also possesses artistic and entertaining qualities that can in turn make public space more favorable. The current findings can inform the policy making and regulations of street performance. Moreover, since the present research was conducted in Hong Kong, it contributes a cultural perspective to the literature on street performance.

scholarly journals Effect of Street Performance (Busking) on the Environmental Perception of Public Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie Ho ◽  
Wing Tung Au
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Methodological Limitation ◽  
Design Study ◽  
Street Performance ◽  
Computer Based

This is the first experimental study testing the effect of street performance (aka busking) on the subjective environmental perception of public space. It is generally believed that street performance can enhance people’s experience of public space, but studies advocating such a view have not used a control group to explicitly verify the effect of street performance. In response to this methodological limitation, we conducted two studies using experimental design. Study 1 (N = 748) was an online computer-based study where research participants evaluated the extent to which the presence vs. absence of street performance could change their perception of public space. Study 2 (N = 162) was a between-group quasi-experiment in an actual public space where people physically present in the space evaluated the perception of the space with vs. without street performance. Overall, we found converging results that street performance could make public space more visitable, more restorative, and more preferable. The current findings not only fill in a gap in the literature on street performance, but they also inform the policy making and regulations of street performance.

scholarly journals Fenomena Kesurupan Dalam Persepsi Psikolog Dan Peruqyah

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Syarifah Irkani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Scientific Competencies

This study aims to compare the perceptions of psychologists and who do people ruqyah to trans possession phenomena. This research is a comparative descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study amounted to 6 people consisting of 3 people who work as psychologists and 3 people who work as who do people ruqyah in the Pondok Sehat Al-Wahida. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Analysis of the data used with descriptive-comparative methods.Based on the results of the research can be concluded that there are differences and similarities of perceptions of psychologists and people who do ruqyah in viewing at the trance phenomenon in the city of Banjarmasin. The difference between the perception of psychologists and people who do ruqyah in viewing the phenomenon of trance is that psychologists view the phenomenon of possession using psychological theory, while peruqyah views the phenomenon of possession using Islamic studies so that treatment given by psychologists and people who do ruqyah has this difference in accordance with their scientific competencies. As for the similarities between the perception of psychologists and people who the ruqyah in viewing at  the phenomenon of possession can be caused by psychological problems but they also believe in Islamic studies can be caused by a genie that penetrates the body,

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KELAS KATA BAHASA INDONESIA DENGAN BAHASA MELAYU THAILAND SELATAN

EDU-KATA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Muniroh Machu
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Comparison of Indonesian word classes with Southern Thai Malay language is a problem, namely how to compare Indonesian word classes with Southern Thai and Malay languages ​​so that there will be no errors in the use of said classes. The purpose of this study is to describe the similarities, differences and comparisons of Indonesian word classes with Southern Thai Malay. The type of research used in this study is a qualitative descriptive study. The results of the study are a comparison of Indonesian word classes with Southern Thai Malay language can be expressed in the same class of words, namely three word classes: Indonesian verbs with verbs Southern Thai Malay, Indonesian adjectives with the adjectives of South Thai Malay language and Indonesian verbs with language Southern Thai Malay. The difference between Indonesian words and Southern Thai Malay can be distinguished as noun, Pronomina and Numeralia words, adverb words can be found in Indonesian only, while South Thai Malay words can be classed as names.

scholarly journals PROFIL PENALARAN ANALOGI SISWA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA

MATHEdunesa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Tri Wilfi Iqlima ◽  
Susanah Susanah
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Mathematical Ability ◽  
Target Problem ◽  
Mathematical Abilities ◽  
School Year ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

Analogy reasoning is the process of thinking logically and analytically in drawing conclusions based on the similarities between the two things being compared. The purpose of this study is to describe the analogy reasoning of students in solving mathematical problems in terms of high, medium, and low mathematical abilities. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out in class IX-H of SMP Negeri 5 Surabaya in the 2019/2020 school year by 33 students and each subject was selected for each category of mathematical ability. The results of the analysis of Problem Solving Tests and interviews show that students with high, medium, and low mathematical abilities mention information that is known and what is asked for logical reasons on the source and target problem, and explain the relations between the information. This indicates that each subject has an encoding process. Each subject also mentions and explains the concepts used to solve source problems, which means each subject has an inferring process. The difference is, subjects with high mathematical ability mention the same concepts between the source problem and the target problem and explain the concepts used to solve the target problem, then students can complete the target problem. This means that the subject is doing two other processes, namely mapping and applying. Subjects with medium mathematical abilities are mentioning the same concept between the source problem and the target problem but cannot explain the concept used in the target problem. However, the subject only did one of the two indicators in the mapping process, so the analogy reasoning process carried out by the subject was encoding and inferring. While students with low mathematical abilities are stopped in the encoding and inferring processes. Keywords: Analogy Reasoning, Mathematical Abilitiy

scholarly journals 人工智能批判的話語悖論

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Fen LIN
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical Accident ◽  
The Relationship

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.In the dominant discourse of the "human–machine relationship," people and machines are the subjects, with a mutually shaping influence. However, this framework neglects the crux of the current critical analysis of AI. It reduces the problems with new technology to the relationship between people and machines, ignoring the re-shaping of the relationship between "people and people" in the era of new technology. This simplification may mislead policy and legal regulations for new technologies. Why would a robot killing cause more panic than a murder committed by a human? Why is a robot's misdiagnosis more troubling than a doctor's? Why do patients assume that machines make more accurate diagnoses than doctors? When a medical accident occurs, who is responsible for the mistakes of an intelligent medical system? In the framework of traditional professionalism, the relationship between doctors and patients, whether trusted or not, is based on the premise that doctors have specialized knowledge that patients do not possess. Therefore, the authority of a doctor is the authority of knowledge. In the age of intelligence, do machines provide information or knowledge? Can this strengthen or weaken the authority of doctors? It is likely that in the age of intelligence, the professionalism, authority and trustworthiness of doctors require a new knowledge base. Therefore, the de-skilling of doctors is not an issue of individual doctors, but demands an update of the knowledge of the entire industry. Recognizing this, policy makers must not focus solely on the use of machines, but take a wider perspective, considering how to promote the development of doctors and coordinate the relationship between doctors with different levels of knowledge development. We often ask, "In the era of intelligence, what defines a human?" This philosophical thinking should be directed toward not only the difference between machines and people as individuals, but also how the relationship between human beings, i.e., the social nature of humans, evolves in different technological environments. In short, this commentary stresses that a "good" machine or an "evil" machine—beyond the sci-fi romance of such discourse—reflects the evolution of the relationships between people. In today's smart age, the critical issue is not the relationship between people and machines. It is how people adjust their relationships with other people as machines become necessary tools in life. In the era of intelligence, therefore, our legislation, policy and ethical discussion should resume their focus on evolutionary relationships between people.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 41 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

The Secular City in Cross-Cultural Perspective

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Cox
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Historical Movement ◽  
Urban Civilization

This chapter illustrates the rich variety of the secularization process, looking at four cities representing four distinctive regions. These cities include New Delhi, Rome, Prague, and Boston. They represent the march of secularization and urbanization in, respectively, Southeast Asia, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and the United States. Each of the four has felt the pressure of secularization differently, in part because of their diverse histories. The careers of these cities prove that the emergence of a world-wide urban civilization need not obliterate the distinctive coloration of particular cities or erase the uniqueness of their character. The chapter also demonstrates an important distinction made in an earlier chapter—the difference between secularization as a historical movement and secularism as ideology.

scholarly journals 1094. Performance of Toxin Enzyme Immunoassays and PCR Cycle Threshold for Differentiating Clostridium difficile Infection From Colonization in Children With Diarrhea

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S327-S328
Author(s):  
Aakash Balaji ◽  
Robyn Espinosa ◽  
Kathleen Todd ◽  
Kerry Steed ◽  
Larry Kociolek
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Parent Communication ◽  
Cycle Threshold ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background Clostridium difficile colonization is common in children. PCR does not distinguish infection (CDI) from colonization. Toxin enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) may predict CDI in PCR+ adults, but assay performance in children is poorly understood. Methods Stools from children aged 2–21 years with laboratory-identified (labID) CDI (tcdB PCR+; GeneXpert) underwent: toxin EIA (QUIK CHEK Complete [QCC] and Immunocard [IC]); cell culture cytotoxicity neutralization assay (CCCNA); and C. difficile stool culture (Cx). Children were determined to have clinical CDI (cCDI) by chart review and/or parent communication if all were noted: at least three unformed stools (Bristol type 5–7) in 24 hours; response to CDI treatment within 5 days; and no other likely diarrheal etiology. EIA and PCR Ct performance were measured for various reference standards (RefStd) based on stool assay results and/or cCDI classification. Results A total of 253 PCR+ stools were included. All stools underwent QCC; 218 (86%) were quantity sufficient for IC. Discordant EIA results occurred in 19/218 (8.7%) stools. Table 1 lists EIA sensitivity (Sn), EIA specificity (Sp), and median PCR Ct for each RefStd. Figure 1 shows the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for PCR Ct to identify PCR+/CCCNA+/cCDI+ children (area under curve = 0.76). The difference between sensitivity (71%) and specificity (72%) was minimized at Ct < 23.5. Conclusion Only a minority of PCR+ children meets strict clinical and laboratory CDI criteria. More stringent CDI definitions are associated with increasing toxin EIA Sn and lower PCR Ct (i.e., greater stool C. difficile inoculum). However, both toxin EIA and PCR Ct perform suboptimally as stand-alone tests to distinguish CDI from colonization in PCR+ children. Disclosures L. Kociolek, Alere/Techlab: Investigator, Research support.

scholarly journals “I’m a Red River local”: Rock climbing mobilities and community hospitalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian M Rickly
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Red River ◽  
Spatial Politics ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Political Voice ◽  
The Difference ◽  
At Home ◽  
Red River Gorge

With individuals continually on the move, mobility fosters constellations of places at which individuals collectively moor and perform community. By focusing on one climbing destination—the Red River Gorge—this article works across scales to highlight the spatial politics of mobilizing hospitality. In so doing, it summarizes the ways hosting/guesting thresholds dissolve with the growth of particular rock climbing–associated infrastructures and moves to examine the ways climbers’ performances of community result in the (semi-)privatization of public space and attempts at localization. Furthermore, this article highlights the ways mobility is employed to maintain a political voice from afar, as well as to forge “local” identities with The Red as place with distinct subcultural (in)hospitality practices. Hospitality practices affirm power relations, and they communicate who is at “home” and who has the power in a particular space to extend hospitality. The decision to extend hospitality is not simply the difference between an ethical encounter and a conditional one; it takes place in the very performance of identity. Thus, integrating a mobilities perspective into hospitality studies further illuminates the spatial politics that are at play in an ethics of hospitality.

The Mortuary Sphere, Privilege and the Politics of Belonging in Contemporary Cameroon

Africa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nantang Jua
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The Public ◽  
Process Outcomes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Independence Era ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Big Men

AbstractConcern with new modes of accountability has foregrounded the politics of belonging, giving prominence to the concepts of autochthony and allogeny. In Cameroon, this has provoked a shift in policy-making from an earlier distinction between the disciplined citizen and the subject. Despite this distinction, all Cameroonians were considered rights-bearing citizens in the early post- Independence era and as such could settle anywhere in the country and not be discriminated against. This has been rolled back as a result of overcoding and the assigning of a code to a people and a people to a territory is now in vogue. This has far-reaching policy implications. It problematizes the question of identity and has engendered the argument that this can be resolved only at death – identity should be determined by where one is buried. The centrality of overcoding, especially its extension into the mortuary realm, has enabled confusion, both legal and symbolic, which is instrumentalized and manipulated by the state, traditional authorities and relatives of the dead to serve varying and varied interests. Death, though a private affair, has now been thrust into the public space. Focusing on the burial of four ‘big men’, this paper shows how these interests are negotiated and fought over. Since space, power and tradition impact on this process, outcomes cannot be determined a priori. It is this impossibility that has given renewed relevance to the question: ‘Whose corpse it anyway?’

NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR HIGH-COST DRUGS IN BRAZIL: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS OF AN INNOVATIVE NATIONAL EVIDENCE-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo D. Picon ◽  
Alberto Beltrame ◽  
David Banta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
National Guidelines

Introduction: The translation of best evidence into practice has become an important purpose of policy making in health care. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions with widespread regional and social inequalities, the dissemination and use of the best-evidence in policy making is a critical issue for the healthcare system.Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to describe an evidence-based public health policy with special emphasis on guidelines creation for high-cost medicines. We also describe how that strategy was diffused to the judiciary system and to other parts of the healthcare system.Results: We present an 11-year follow-up of a national project for creating and updating guidelines for high-cost medicines in Brazil. A total of 109 national guidelines were published (new or updated versions) for 66 selected diseases, the first such effort in Brazilian history. The project influenced the Brazilian legislature, which has recently established a Federal Law requiring national guidelines for any new technology listed for payment by the Brazilian public healthcare system.Conclusion: We were able to involve many different stakeholders in a partnership between academia and policy makers, which made possible the widespread dissemination of the clinical practice guidelines. Problems and constraints were also encountered. This evolving public health strategy might be useful for other developing countries.

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