Accidental Poisoning in Children with Special Reference to Kerosene Poisoning

A 6-year (1970- 1975) retrospective study of kerosene poisoning in children admitted to the General Hospital, Medan, is presented. The total number of admission was 10.643, 124 of which were kerosene poisoning. Tho mortality was 4.8%. In North Sumatera the incidence of kerosene poisoning along with the consumption of kerosene showed an increasing trend. The male to female ratio was 75 by 49 (3:2). The majority of cases were brought to the hospital within one hour after ingestion of kerosene. The presenting symptoms in the majority of cases were coughing (78.8%), vomiting (48.9%), dyspnoe 29%, fever 20.9%, brochopneumonia 12.9%, cyanosis 4.0%, and shock 1.6%. Treatment consisted of broad spectrum antibiotics, intravenous fluid, and oxygen administration. Kerosene in the household of the patients was used as fuel, either for cooking, or light source. More than 75% of the cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic class.

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A Study of Clinical Features, Management and Outcome of Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoning in Children

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7799 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Deepak Prasad Koirala ◽

Kalipatnam Seshagiri Rao ◽

Kalpana K Malla ◽

Tejesh Malla

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Methyl Parathion ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Adolescent Females ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Self Harm ◽

Poisoning In Children ◽

Agricultural Regions ◽

Male To Female

Introduction: Organophosphates (OP) are commonly used pesticides in rural agricultural regions of Nepal and carbamates are popular household insecticides. Because of poor legislation these poisons are easily accessible and are the most popular suicidal poisons. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study done in poisoning cases admitted in PICU of Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH) over a seven year period. Results: Out of 187 cases of poisoning, 30 (16.04%) were OPs and 4 (2.13%) were Carbamates. The male to female ratio was 56:44 and these poisonings were more common in rural areas (56%). Accidental poisoning (82.4%) was more common but suicidal attempts (17.6%) were also observed. Atropine and pralidoxime were used in 82.4% of the cases. The total atropinizing dose was 0.77±0.6 mg/kg and patients required 56.6±23.7 hours of atropinization. In our study 94.1% of the patients survived and none of them developed any sequel. Children developed muscarinic, nicotinic and CNS symptoms similar to adults. Complications were seen in 41.1% of the children and most common being seizure (85.7%). The most common OP observed in childhood poisoning was Metacid (methyl parathion) seen in 26.4% of the cases. Conclusion: OP and Carbamate poisonings are common in children. Possibility of self-harm poisoning in adolescent females cannot be ignored. Atropine is the mainstay of therapy after initial resuscitation and complications are common in children. With prompt treatment the outcome is good even with complications. The case fatality rate is much less as compared to adults.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7799 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):85-90

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Clinical profile and outcomes of childhood poisoning

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal ◽

10.3329/bsmmuj.v10i4.34868 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 264

Author(s):

Farzana Ahmed ◽

Md. Masudur Rahman ◽

Muhammad Tawfiq

Keyword(s):

Acute Poisoning ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Age Group ◽

Urban Background ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

Poisoning In Children ◽

Age Range ◽

Male To Female ◽

Accidental Introduction

<p class="Abstract">The patterns of accidental poisoning in children usually differ from country to country and from one region to another within the same country. This retrospective study was performed from January 2012 to December 2014 to determine the trends of childhood poisoning in urban area of Bangladesh. A total of 32 cases were analyzed completely; intention of poisoning was classified as accidental, suicidal and homicidal. The commonest age range for accidental poisoning was 1-5 years (64.7%). Suicidal poisoning was prevalent among mid adolescence group. The overall male to female ratio was 1:1; in case of accidental poisoning male to female ratio among preschooler was 2.66:1. All the patients were from urban background and drug overdose was the commonest cause of poisoning. Accidental poisoning was found in 53% of patients, suicidal 41% and homicidal 6% cases. The mortality was 3%. This study showed that boys at pre-school age group were at greater risk for accidental poisoning. Drug over dosage was the most common poisoning in this study. Alarmingly, accidental introduction of per rectal analgesic was the most common cause of acute poisoning during infancy in this study.</p>

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Clinicopathological study of soft tissue sarcoma-retrospective study of tertiary cancer institute in eastern India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 4075

Author(s):

Kunhi Mohammed K. P. ◽

Snehasis Pradhan ◽

Supratim Bhattacharyya ◽

Prafulla Kumar Das ◽

Muhammed Navas N. K.

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

The Body ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽

Frequent Variety ◽

Male To Female

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin that comprise less than 1 percent of all adult malignancies. Although they occur anywhere in the body, they involve most commonly in extremities, trunk, retroperitoneum and head and neck. The aim of the study was to analyze clinical and histopathological features of various soft tissue sarcomas.Methods: This was a retrospective study, conducted in tertiary cancer centre in Odisha during the period 2015 to 2018. We collected clinical parameters like age, sex, site of swelling, any associated pain and biopsy reports and these variables were correlated with final histopathology reports.Results: A total of 107 patients were included in the study, with male to female ratio of 2:1(71 and 36) and average age of 43.45 years. All of them presented with a swelling. The lower extremities were the most common sites i.e. 44.62%. Pleomorphic sarcoma was the most frequent histologic variety comprising 43% and less frequent variety were angiosarcoma, and myxoid sarcoma.Conclusions: Soft tissue sarcoma are predominant in males and middle aged population are frequently affected. Most common affected site is lower extremity and pleomorphic sarcoma is the prominent histologic type.

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Accidental childhood poisoning in Paediatrics department of a tertiary care facility: A retrospective review

Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics ◽

10.4314/njp.v47i3.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

Author(s):

D.C. Obu ◽

M.C. Orji ◽

U.V. Muoneke ◽

U.V. Asiegbu ◽

G.O. Ezegbe

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Facility ◽

Accidental Poisoning ◽

Female Ratio ◽

The Public ◽

Tertiary Care Facility ◽

Childhood Poisoning ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship ◽

Male To Female

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is a recognized preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. This studywas aimed at determining the prevalence, pattern, and outcome of childhood poisoning among children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Material and Methods: Medical records of all cases of accidental childhood poisoning admitted into Children’s emergency room (CHER) of the health facility of study between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified and relevant data extracted and analyzed usingSPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 7,700 children that presented to CHER over a 5- year period, 42 were cases of poisoning, giving prevalence rate of 0.5%. Of the 42 cases, only 20 case notes were retrieved. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1 while the ages ranged between 6months and 14 years with the mean age of 3.06±2.88. Kerosene poisoning had the highest proportion of 50.0% (10/20) with the overall mortality rate of 5.0% (1/20).The relationship between age, place of residence and outcome in poisoned children was statistically significant (p = 0.038, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Abakaliki. Kerosene still remained the major agent while male toddlers were most vulnerable. There is need to intensify enlightenment campaigns and education of the public about the hazard of improper storage of kerosene and other implicated substances at home. Keywords: Accidental poisoning, Childhood, Kerosene

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Drug Abuse Deaths in Glasgow in 1992 — A Retrospective Study

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/002580249503500306 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 207-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Marie T Cassidy ◽

Michael Curtis ◽

Gillian Muir ◽

John S Oliver

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Drug Abuse ◽

Place Of Residence ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Drug Deaths ◽

The Family ◽

Family Home ◽

Age Range ◽

High Degree ◽

Male To Female

A survey of 62 drug deaths in Glasgow showed a wider age range than expected (16–49), a high male to female ratio (44:18) and, where mode of employment had been recorded, a high degree of unemployment (91%). The majority of deaths occurred near centres of known supply. Although a number occurred in the family home, a large proportion were not at the place of residence. In only two cases was morphine detected alone. The majority of the deaths were from combinations of drugs, primarily with benzodiazepines.

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Endoscopic Transorbital Superior Eyelid Approach for the Management of Selected Spheno-orbital Meningiomas: Preliminary Experience

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opx100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 243-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Iacopo Dallan ◽

Stefano Sellari-Franceschini ◽

Mario Turri-Zanoni ◽

Matteo de Notaris ◽

Giacomo Fiacchini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cavernous Sinus ◽

Tumor Volume ◽

Endoscopic Management ◽

Symptom Improvement ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Endoscopic Transorbital ◽

Superior Eyelid Approach ◽

Orbital Meningioma ◽

Male To Female

Abstract BACKGROUND Feasibility and safety of spheno-orbital meningioma resection by means of endoscopic-assisted transorbital route. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of the transorbital endoscopic management of selected spheno-orbital meningiomas. As secondary aims, symptom improvement and tumor volume removed were evaluated. METHODS Retrospective chart evaluation of patients with spheno-orbital meningiomas treated by means of endoscopic transorbital superior eyelid approach in 3 referral centers over the last 4 yr. RESULTS Fourteen cases were included in this study. In 4 patients, the transorbital endoscopic approach was combined with an endonasal route. Mean age was 51 and male-to-female ratio was 1:6. In 8 patients (57.1%), an intraorbital involvement was observed, 3 of them (21.4%) showed significant intraconal disease. No patient presented significant cavernous sinus infiltration. Main presenting symptoms were proptosis, diplopia, and visual impairment in 14, 6, and 6 patients, respectively. Mean proptosis improvement was 2 mm (standard deviation 2.3). We observed no major postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Our preliminary clinical experience seems to demonstrate that selected spheno-orbital meningiomas can be safely managed by means of an endoscopic transorbital route through a superior eyelid approach. Patients with orbital or cavernous sinus infiltration are at highest risk of persistence.

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Obstructive Neoplastic Anuria Overview at Ibn Rochd University Hospital–A Retrospective Study

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.2.153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Moussaab Rachid ◽

Youness Chakir ◽

Mahdi Graiouid ◽

Mahmoud Alafifi ◽

Mohammed Dakir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽

University Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Pelvic Tumors ◽

Female Predominance ◽

Obstructive Anuria ◽

Male To Female

Introduction : Obstructive anuria due to pelvic cancers is the most common obstructive anuria in our context, its diagnosis is easy, but it causes a lot of morbidity with often heavy and long management. Materials and methods : This is a retrospective study containing 40 cases of confirmed neoplastic anuria treated in the urology department at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca Morocco between January 2016 and October 2018. Purpose : The aim of our study was to establish the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and natural historyin patients with neoplastic obstructive anuria. Results : The mean age was 56 years old with a notable female predominance. The male to female ratio was 0.6. Sixty percent (60%) of our patients were consulted within24 hours after the onset of anuria, the main symptoms preceding or accompanying anuria were lower back pain (75%) and hematuria (37.5%). Criteria for a positive diagnosis included urinary retention with complete absence of diuresis, the anuria was confirmed by probing or ultrasound, dilation of the urinary excretory system on ultrasound and acute impairment of renal function. To prevent patient from going into metabolic disorders, hemodialysis was performed in 27 patients (67.5%). Internal diversion of urine by mounting a JJ catheter was initially attempted in 40% of the cases. In case of attempt failure, or in case of locally advanced pelvic tumors, percutaneous nephrostomy was performed with a success rate of 100%. Upon follow up for 30 months, mortality rate was 5% (n=2), 95% of the patients benefited from a specialized follow-up for their etiological neoplasm. Conclusion : The management of neoplastic obstructive anuria must be rapid, the type of urinary diversion is chosen according to the clinical presentation and the technical platform available.

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Lung cancer epidemiology in North Sardinia, Italy

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2013.543 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Panagiotis Paliogiannis ◽

Federico Attene ◽

Antonio Cossu ◽

Mario Budroni ◽

Rosaria Cesaraccio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Smoking Control ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics ◽

Male To Female

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the epidemiological characteristics and trends of lung cancer in North Sardinia, Italy, in the period 1992–2010. Methods: Data were obtained from the tumor registry of Sassari province which is a part of a wider registry web, coordinated today by the Italian Association for Tumor Registries. Results: The overall number of lung cancer cases registered was 4,325. The male-to-female ratio was 4.6:1 and the mean age 68.1 years for males and 67 years for females. The standardized incidence rates were 73.1/100,000 and 13.5/100,000 and the standardized mortality rates 55.7/100,000 and 9.9/100,000 for males and females, respectively. An increasing trend in incidence of lung cancer in women was evidenced. Conversely, incidence was found to decrease in males. Relative survival at 5 years from diagnosis was low (8.8% for males and 14.9% for females). Furthermore, an increase in mortality rates was observed in both sexes in the period under investigation. Conclusions: Our data show an increasing trend of lung cancer incidence in women in North Sardinia in the last decades. Conversely, a reduction of incidence rates was observed in males. Furthermore, a slightly increasing trend in mortality rates was observed in both sexes, suggesting the need to enhance smoking control strategies, consider adoption of effective surveillance policies, and improve diagnosis and treatment methods.

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Novel Approach to Rhinosporidiosis

Otorhinolaryngology Clinics - An International Journal ◽

10.5005/aijoc-7-1-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 3-5

Author(s):

Rajeshwary Aroor ◽

Madhukar Muniswamy Gowda ◽

Vadisha Srinivas Bhat ◽

Satheesh Kumar Bhandary

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Residual Disease ◽

Age Group ◽

Complete Excision ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Endoscopic Excision ◽

Novel Approach ◽

First Time ◽

Male To Female

ABSTRACT Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic enigmatic disease affecting mainly the upper aero digestive tract and is notorious for frequent recurrences as high as 70%. Higher incidences of recurrence are mainly due to nonendoscopic excision with resultant residual disease leading to seedling of the disease. Objectives The aim of this study is to highlight the factors responsible for recurrence and to follow the clinical course to ensure against recurrence of rhinosporidiosis. External surgery in rhinosporidiosis should be avoided for the fear of implantation. With the advent of endoscopes and Lasers allow the surgeon to complete excision of the lesion with cauterization of the base. Materials and methods A retrospective study of thirty two cases of rhinosporidiosis presented to us over a period of 10 years from 2002 to 2012. Out of which 14 cases presented to us for the first time and 18 cases were recurrent cases. The commonest age group of presentation was between 20 and 30 years in patients presenting for the first time and in recurrent cases the commonest age of presentation was between 50 and 60 years of age. Majority of patients were males with male to female ratio of 9:1. All patients underwent endoscopic excision, electro cautery was used in 30 patients and Laser was used in 2 patients. Results Fourteen cases did not have any recurrence and in the 18 cases of recurrent cases three of them again had a recurrence where electro cautery was used to cauterize the base. Conclusion Endoscopic excision of rhinosporidiosis has a better result over nonendoscopic approaches with lesser recurrence rate. Our results show that use of endoscopes in patients who presented for the first time have a better results as the mucosa of recurrence patients have already been insulted due to previous surgeries.

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An audit of foeticide, neonaticide and infanticide: A retrospective study in the Department of Forensic Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore

Medico-Legal Journal ◽

10.1177/00258172211038103 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 002581722110381

Author(s):

Qasim Mehmood ◽

Fatima Yasin ◽

Arif Rasheed Malik

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Head Injury ◽

First Year ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Causative Factors ◽

Socioeconomic Stress ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Medical University ◽

Male To Female

The deliberate killing of a foetus in the womb, or a child from the first 24 h of birth to one month of age, or within the first year of life, is called foeticide, neonaticide and infanticide, respectively. Socioeconomic stress, mental illness, gender selection, shame or fear of punishment of adultery or illegitimacy, grudge and jealousy with parents and negligent delivery by dai are major causative factors in such cases. This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study, and the sample pool consisted of 35 cases. Foeticide cases were 42.9% of the total and the same percentage of cases were neonaticides, while 14.3% of cases were of infanticide. The male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1 and the major cause of death was head injury. The study shows a prevalence of foeticide and neonaticide as compared to infanticide. It also displays the prevalence of males in overall cases and a higher number of unknown cases in our setting.

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