Application of Smoking Control Behavior and Psychological Intervention in Medical Imaging Examination of Children's Health Information

Objectives: Tobacco use is not only harmful to the health of smokers, but also poses a threat to the health of people who are exposed to passive smoking, especially to children in their growth and development. This paper presents the application of smoking control behavior and psychological intervention in children's health information medical (imaging) examination. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part is the basic research of smoking control behavior and psychological intervention. The second part is the experimental model of medical image examination based on tobacco control, which introduces the experimental method and specific operation steps in detail. The core of the model is the improvement and optimization of smoking control behavior and psychological intervention and CT detection methods. By customizing services, the improved approach is more suitable for pediatric patients. The third part of this paper is comparative analysis. Through a large number of comparative experiments, the analysis of experimental data shows that psychological intervention in time during the smoking control behavior of children can effectively reduce the occurrence of psychological problems, and reduce the detection rate of mental health problems.

Legal Considerations on China's Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law - A Case Study of Smoking Control Regulations in Public Places

Objectives: The process of formulating the Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law is a purpose-driven legislative process in essence, which is a significant theoretical innovation and practical breakthrough. It is necessary to change the concept, establish a new model of legislation, and build a low-carbon social relationship. It is also necessary to reshape the management system through the confirmation of legal responsibility, establish new norms for the dual carbon target, and transform all policies and economic and technological measures for the dual carbon target into codes of conduct through legislation, which can be widely recognized and observed by the society. Therefore, it is necessary to further deepen the understanding of the Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law and interpret the Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law from the perspective of jurisprudence: clarify the legal basis of the Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law, realize the transition from policy to jurisprudence, and make effective connection between international law and domestic law. In terms of specific content, the Carbon Neutrality Promotion Law should clarify the competent authorities, clarify the government's management functions to deal with the dual carbon target, and establish a carbon peak and carbon neutrality system. The formation of regulations on the control of smoking in public places guides the control of smoking from the legal level. Effective smoking control will be implemented.

Variations in disease burden of laryngeal cancer attributable to alcohol use and smoking in 204 countries or territories, 1990–2019

Background Alcohol consumption and smoking are the leading risk factors for laryngeal cancer (LC). Understanding the variations in disease burden of LC attributable to alcohol use and smoking is critical for LC prevention. Methods Disease burden data of LC were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We used estimated average percentage change (EAPC) to measure the temporal trends of the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of LC. Results Globally, while the ASMR of LC decreased by 1.49% (95% CI, 1.41–1.57%) per year between 1990 and 2019, the number of deaths from LC has increased 41.0% to 123.4 thousand in 2019. In 2019, 19.4 and 63.5% of total LC-related deaths were attributable to alcohol use and smoking worldwide, respectively. The ASMR of alcohol- and smoking-related LC decreased by 1.78 and 1.93% per year, whereas the corresponding death number has increased 29.2 and 25.1% during this period, respectively. The decreasing trend was more pronounced in developed countries. In some developing countries, such as Guinea and Mongolia, the LC mortality has shown an unfavorable trend. Conclusion The ubiquitous decrease in LC mortality was largely attributed to the smoking control and highlighted the importance of smoking control policies. However, the disease burden of LC remained in increase and more effective strategies are needed to combat the global increase of alcohol consumption.

A Survey on the Sustainability of China’s Smoke-free Community Elderly Care Service Models from the Perspective of Welfare Pluralism

Objectives: Studies show that the harm of smoking is much higher in the elderly than in the young and middle-aged. Therefore, smoke-free communities are more suitable for the elderly. China’s ministry of civil affairs pointed out that, the development of community elderly care services conforms to the wishes of over 90% of the elderly in China, which is the focus of the construction of China’s elderly care service system. Meanwhile, China’s existing smoke-free community elderly care service models are diverse, service efficiency and sustainability remains uneven. Methods: This study constructed a conceptual framework for smoke-free community elderly care service based on the theory of welfare pluralism. To find the sustainability of smoking control in smoke-free communities and the efficiency of elderly care service supply under different supply modes. According to the geographical location, 9somke-free communities in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi’an were selected for investigation. Results: Three supply modes of community-based elderly care services are summarized, including Multiactor Participation Model (MPM), Government and Social organization Cooperation Model (GSCM), and Government-led Participation Model (GPM). The case analysis method is used to analyze the characteristics of the supply actors, supply content, and supply methods of these three models. Conclusion: Three supply modes of community-based elderly care services are summarized, including Multiactor Participation Model (MPM), Government and Social organization Cooperation Model (GSCM), and Government-led Participation Model (GPM). The MPM for smoke-free community elderly care, which includes the participation of multiple subjects and is more diversified in terms of supply content and methods, is found to have better smoking control efficiency and higher sustainability.

Construction of the Influence Mechanism of Participation Motivation on Safety Behavior of Mountain Outdoor Sportsmen under Tobacco Control Environment

Objectives: With the development of mountain sports, there are more and more participants but frequent safety accidents mainlyvictimizing participants. And even caused forest fires because participants smoked. However, as the motivation of participants is the driving force of their actions, theimpact on their safety behavior will inevitably affect the safety of participants in outdoor sports.And if Mountain outdoor Sportsmen are smokers, their safe behavior may be more difficult to control without smoking. Methods: in this study, a qualitative analysis was conducted on 33 interview materials to explore the mechanism of influence of participation motivation of mountain enthusiasts on safety behaviors, and the logical deduction and connotation explanation were carried out based on existing theories. Results: (1) Tobacco control environment does not affect participants’ participation motivation, so it does not affect participants’ safety behavior through participation motivation; (2) Mountain outdoor Sportsmen’ participation motivation has an impact on safety behavior; (3) Safety awareness is an intermediate variable of the influence of mountain outdoor Sportsmen’ participation in mountain outdoor sports on safety behavior; (4) Role clarity is the moderating variable of mountain outdoor sports participants’ influence on safety behavior. Conclusions: Smoking control environment cannot affect the safety behavior of mountain outdoor athletes through participation motivation, and there may be another mechanism, which needs to be further explored. The participation motivation of mountain outdoor sportsmen affected the safety behavior through the safety perception, but was moderated by Role clarity. And This mechanism needs further quantitative verification.

Patterns of Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Vaping among University Students in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Various forms of tobacco smoking and nicotine vaping tools are available on the market. This study quantified the prevalence of and identified factors associated with patterns of smoking and nicotine vaping among university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A cross-sectional sample of students enrolled in three public universities was surveyed. Self-reported current smoking and nicotine vaping were recorded. Of 1123 students, 81.7% completed the online survey (mean age, 20.7 ± 3.4 (SD) years; 70.7% females). The prevalence of current smoking was 15.1% while the prevalence of current nicotine vaping was nearly 4.0%. Among current smokers, 54.7% reported conventional smoking only, 15.1% reported nicotine vaping only, and 28.8% were poly-users. Conventional midwakh (47.5%), followed by conventional shisha/waterpipe (36.7%), conventional cigarettes (36.7%), electronic shisha/waterpipe (25.2%), and electronic cigarettes (24.5%), were most commonly reported by students. Students aged 20–25 years (adjusted odds ratios (aOR): 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–3.67) or >25 years (aOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 1.41–12.80) had higher odds of being current smokers compared to those aged 17–19 years. The male gender was also independently associated with higher odds of being a current smoker (aOR: 5.45, 95% CI: 3.31–8.97) as well as higher odds of smoking cigarettes, shisha, and midwakh, or nicotine vaping compared to being female. Of nicotine vaping users, 36.1% reported using nicotine vaping because they enjoyed the flavor and vaporizing experience and 34.4% used it to help them to quit smoking. A relatively high prevalence of self-reported smoking was reported among university students in the UAE. The findings also suggest that nicotine vaping use is relatively widespread, but still less common than traditional smoking. Vigilant and tailored university-based smoking control and preventive measures are warranted.

SOSIALISASI KEBIJAKAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK DI RSUD LUBUK PAKAM DELI SERDANG

Non-Smoking Area (KTR) is a policy made by the Ministry of Health to prevent and control the health impacts caused by smoking. Control of health impacts does not only apply to active smokers, but also passive smokers and the surrounding environment exposed to cigarette smoke. The implementation method with the socialization method is an understanding of the condition of smokers in Indonesia and about KTR. In addition, it was conducted with a question and answer session and interviews with health workers and visitors related to cigarettes and KTR. The implementation of this activity is divided into three stages, namely, planning, implementation and evaluation. All health workers and the public understand the dangers of smoking but still carry out smoking activities on the grounds of addiction to cigarettes. KTR socialization provided an understanding that Deli Serdang Regional Hospital had regulations to implement and support KTR issued by the government through the Ministry of Health.

Postgraduate Education Strategy’s for the Smoking Control in Cuba

Background: Smoking control is full important in Cuba. Cuban tobacco industry looks for the significant tobacco consumption growing. However, Cuban Public Health has a national program against smoking. This health institution contributes to generalist some smoking researches. By this institution is possible to call the main health professional related with the smoking control around the country. Much from these professionals haven´t a sufficient academic formation in Health Economy subjects for the smoking control. This condition and previous related are showing the real necessity to make available a postgraduate strategic for the smoking economic control since the Health Economy point of view. Objective. To design a postgraduate educational strategic for the smoking economic control in Cuba. Materials and Methods. Theoric methods: inductive – deductive, comparative and systematization. Empiric method: bibliographic and documental research. Results. The postgraduate educational strategic appoint to the professionals from the Public Health close related to the smoking control. It is formed by six courses, one of them is a diploma course. Inside each course a subject is supported by the previous. By this way is possible obtain a logic process in the postgraduate teaching about the smoking economic control. Conclusions. Was designed a postgraduate educational strategic for the smoking economic control in Cuba, agree to real needs from the health professionals related with the smoking control.

Introduction to the Special Issue on JUUL Use

This special issue addresses key topics relating to the public health impact of the use of electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS), particularly JUUL-brand ENDS. Smokers smoke for nicotine, but are harmed by the byproducts of combustion. ENDS can play a role in tobacco harm reduction offering a noncombustible alternative source of nicotine for adult smokers who would otherwise continue smoking. Papers presented here estimate the prevalence of ENDS and JUUL use among young and older adults, and document the 12-month smoking trajectories of adults who purchased a JUUL Starter Kit. Overall, smoking prevalence was halved, with most smokers switching completely as dual use declined. This held for subpopulations defined by demographics and psychiatric comorbidity. For those who did not switch, most significantly reduced (50%+) their cigarette consumption. Another study reports that dependence declines as smokers switch from smoking to using JUUL. The public health potential of ENDS is undermined by use of ENDS by nonsmokers, especially underage individuals. Some smoking was reported by adult former and never smokers, with little evidence of persistent smoking, and lower risk of smoking among those using JUUL more frequently. Regarding underage use, one paper reports that technology can ensure age-verification at point of sale. Population modeling integrating impacts on diverse populations indicates that availability of ENDS is expected to avert millions of premature deaths in the US. We believe these papers make a substantial contribution to the field of tobacco science and smoking control.