scholarly journals Association between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of intestinal worm infection in primary school children

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Sri Alemina Ginting ◽  
Isra Firmansyah ◽  
Dedi Satria Putra ◽  
Dachrul Aldy ◽  
Syahril Pasaribu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Intestinal Worm

Background In Indonesia, medical problems are indicated bydiseases associated with low socioeconomic status. The preva-lence of intestinal worm is still high in Indonesia.Objective The purpose of this study was to find the associationbetween socioeconomic status and the prevalence of intestinalworm infection.Methods A cross sectional study was done on 120 primary schoolchildren in Suka Village, Karo District, North Sumatra Province.Subjects were selected by means of random sampling. Kato Katzmethod was used in stool examination. Socioeconomic status wasreferred from the Survey Keluarga Sejahtera (Wealth Family Sur-vey) 1998 by the BKKBN (the National Coordination Board onFamily Planning). Data of socioeconomic status were collected byinterview using a questionnaire and analyzed by chi square test; pvalue of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results Eighty-four subjects (70%) suffered from intestinal worminfection. There was no significant association between either age(p=0.811) or nutritional status (p=0.792) and intestinal worm infec-tion, but there was significant association between sex and intes-tinal worm infection (p=0.028). There was also association betweenintestinal worm infection and father’s education (p=0.044). Mother’soccupation had a significant association with intestinal worm in-fection (p=0.001), but father’s occupation (p=0.474) did not. Nei-ther parents’ income (p=0.429) nor socioeconomic status (p=0.098)was associated with intestinal worm infection.Conclusion There was significant association between intestinalworm infection and sex, father’s education or mother’s occupation

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Status Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga Murid Sekolah Dasar di Daerah Pusat dan Pinggiran Kota Padang Lisbet Rimelfhi Sebataraja,

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbet Rimelfhi Sebataraja ◽  
Fadil Oenzil ◽  
Asterina Asterina
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elementary Students ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
City Center ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City

AbstrakStatus gizi anak secara tidak langsung berkaitan dengan faktor sosial ekonomi keluarga. Jika status sosial ekonomi rendah maka kebutuhan makanan keluarga akan kurang terpenuhi sehingga anak akan memiliki status gizi kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan status sosial ekonomi keluarga murid SD di pusat dan pinggiran kota Padang. Suatu penelitian analitik secara cross sectional telah dilakukan terhadap 220 orang murid di SDN 08 Alang Lawas sebagai perwakilan SD di pusat kota Padang dan SDN 36 Koto Panjang sebagai perwakilan SD di pinggiran kota Padang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner, pengukuran tinggi, dan berat badan anak. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan status gizi murid SD di pusat kota dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi baik sebesar 84,2% status gizi baik dan 6% status gizi kurang, sedangkan keluarga dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi rendah didapatkan 15,7% status gizi baik dan 0% status gizi kurang. Pada daerah pinggiran kota dengan status ekonomi baik didapatkan 15,8% status gizi baik dan 64,7% status gizi kurang, sedangkan pada keluarga dengan status ekonomi rendah didapatkan 84,3% status gizi baik dan 100% status gizi kurang. Dari uji Chi-Square didapatkan nilai pearson Chi-Square (x2) = 71.004 lebih besar dari nilai x2 tabel = 7,815 dan nilai probabilitas (p) = 0,000 lebih kecil dari nilai probabilitas yang bermakna yaitu p < 0,05 berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan status sosial ekonomi keluarga murid SD di pusat dan pinggiran kota Padang. Status gizi anak juga berhubungan dengan tingkat ekonomi keluarga, tingkat pendidikan ayah dan ibu serta jumlah anak dalam keluarga.Kata kunci: Status Gizi, Status Sosial Ekonomi, Pusat Kota, Pinggiran KotaAbstractNutritional status of children is indirectly related to socioeconomic factors. If the low socioeconomic status family meals needs will not fulfilled so that the child will have malnutrition status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of nutritional status and family socioeconomic status elementary students in the center and suburbs of Padang. An analytic study is cross-sectional was conducted on 220 students at SDN 08 Alang Lawas as representatives elementary in the city center of Padang and SDN 36 Koto Panjang as a representative elementary school on the in the suburbs of Padang. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and measurements of height and weight of children. Data analysis was done using Chi-Square test statistics. The results were obtained nutritional status in the city center with good socioeconomic level of 84.2% obtained a good nutritional status and 6% malnutrition, while families with lower socioeconomic levels obtained 15.7% of good nutritional status and 0% malnutrition. In the suburban areas with good economic status of 15.8% obtained a good nutritional status and 64.7% malnutrition status, while in families with low socioeconomic status obtained 84.3% a good nutritional status and 100% malnutrition. Of the Chi-Square test obtained value Pearson Chi-Square (x2) = 71 004 is greater than the table value x2 = 7.815 and the probability value (p) = 0.000 is smaller than the value that is meaningful probability p < 0.05 means that there is a significant relationship between the nutritional status of the family's socioeconomic status elementary students in the center and suburbs the city of Padang. Nutritional status associated with Economic level of families, father and mother's education level and number of children in families.Keywords:Nutritional Status, Socioeconomic Status, The City Center, Suburbs

Socioeconomic Status and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Thai Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurusart Konharn ◽  
Maria Paula Santos ◽  
José Carlos Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thai Adolescents ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Impact

Background:The impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on objective measures of physical activity (PA) in adolescence is poorly understood. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between SES and objectively measured PA in Thai adolescents.Methods:PA was objectively measured every 30 seconds for 7 consecutive days using ActiGraph GT1M uniaxial accelerometers in 177 secondary-school adolescents aged 13 to 18 years that were classified into 3 SES groups (low, middle, and high). The associations between SES and adolescents’ PA were examined using 1-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons and Chi-square test.Results:Adolescents of low-SES accumulated more minutes of PA and less of sedentary behavior than those of high-SES, Additionally, low-SES adolescents tended to meet the daily PA guidelines more than other groups, particularly in girls (P < .01).Conclusions:This study evidences an inverse relationship between SES and PA levels, and shows the importance of targeting high SES adolescents in intervention programs to enhance health behaviors. Based on these findings, we also suggest that SES must be considered as an important determinant in promoting regular PA and in increasing proportions of adolescents meeting current health-related PA guidelines.

scholarly journals Vaccination Hesitancy: The Case of Cervical Cancer Vaccination in Fako Division, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
C. Neh Fru ◽  
Tassang Andrew ◽  
David Greenspan ◽  
F. Nchang Cho ◽  
Mokake Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vaccination Hesitancy

Introduction: The fight against cervical cancer stumbles against resistance to accepting vaccines. Vaccination hesitancy is a worldwide phenomenon. It seems this phenomenon is more amplified in Africa. With the advent of COVID 19, many conspiracy theories against all the vaccines have emanated from various quarters. Vaccination against Human Papilloma Virus is no exception to the current dynamics. A study on this topic was carried out in the Fako Division-Cameroon. Structural and individual reasons could explain vaccination hesitancy. Objective: The objective of this study is to attempt an explanation of why vaccination hesitancy has to do with poor uptake of cervical cancer vaccines. Methodology: a community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in some towns of the Fako Division – Cameroon from 5 to January 20, 2021. Paper-based questionnaires were administered only to those who consented to participate in this study. And chi-square test was estimated to establish the association between participant socioeconomic characteristics and cervical cancer vaccine hesitancy Results: A total of 250 consecutively enrolled participants were included in the study. Women with a high level of education will readily accept vaccination against cervical cancer. About 71% of our sample does not trust government decisions regarding judgments against cervical cancer. If given a choice between medical treatment and prayers, 62% of our studied population will prefer prayers. There is some degree of bias against female children in our community. Conclusion: Many components constitute vaccination hesitancy. The corruption of political elites, brainwashing of masses by the new type of churches, self-convictions, ignorance, lack of knowledge on CC, and gender bias are some. They all increase on structural causes: the colonial background and the low socioeconomic status of these countries.

scholarly journals Dental pain prevalence and association with dental caries and socioeconomic status in schoolchildren, Southern Brazil, 2002

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincon Hideo Nomura ◽  
João Luiz Dornelles Bastos ◽  
Marco Aurélio Peres
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test

The objective of this study was to assess the relation between dental pain, dental caries and socioeconomic status among 12- and 13-year-old schoolchildren enrolled in a public school in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil in 2002. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 181 schoolchildren. Dental pain experience was the dependend variable analyzed. Socioeconomic data of the children's families were obtained through a questionnaire. Dental caries experience was registered according to the DMFT index (WHO, 1997). The field workteam consisted of an examiner and a recorder. The statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the non-conditional multiple logistic regression. The response rate was 93.4%. The intraexaminer agreement measured on a tooth by tooth basis was high (kappa > 0.73). Dental pain prevalence was 33.7% (CI95% 26.0-42.0). The multiple regression analysis, adjusted by sex and other variables, showed that children with DMFT > 1 presented 2.9 (OR CI95% 1.4-6.1, p < 0.01) more chances of having dental pain when compared with those with DMFT < 1. Children whose mother's schooling level was equal or less than 4 years presented 2.5 (OR CI95% 1.2-5.6, p = 0.02) more chances of having dental pain when compared with others whose mothers had more than 5 years of schooling and, finally, children whose family income was up to U$ 67.00 showed 3.2 (OR CI95% 1.2-8.4, p = 0.02) more chances of having dental pain when compared with the ones whose families had higher income. High levels of caries attack, low mother schooling level and low family income were associated to dental pain.

scholarly journals Assessment of Brushing Techniques in School Children and Its Association with Dental Caries, Omdurman, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rugaia Eltayeb Hag Maki Ibrahim ◽  
Maha O. Helaly ◽  
Ehab Mohamed Abdelhlim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Dental caries are a common infectious disease of childhood. It is a highly prevalent disease among children. Aim. The goal of this study was to assess the different brushing techniques used by school children and to identify if there is an association between brushing techniques and dental caries. Materials and Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 396 school children (9–12 years old) chosen by convenience sampling technique from schools located in Omdurman locality, Sudan. After consent was taken, students were asked in an interview-based questionnaire about their brushing habits. Consequently, they were examined in an upright position using a sterile mouth mirror and a probe. The examination was carried out by a single examiner to investigate the presence of dental caries. The diagnosis was done based on the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria 2013. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and comparison between values using the chi-square test with a P value <0.05. Results. The present study found that the prevalence of dental caries is 70.9%. The combined brushing technique was the most used technique (42.9%). There was no statistical significance between brushing techniques and dental caries ( P value ≤0.330). There was a statistical significance between the periodic change of the toothbrush and dental caries ( P value ≤0.001). There was statistical significance between the level of education of the mother ( P value ≤0.001) and father ( P value ≤0.012) to the brushing technique used by the child as well. Conclusion. Due to a lack of awareness consequent of lower socioeconomic status, only a few percentage of the Sudanese population knows how to implement the correct oral hygiene practices to combat dental caries. It is important to design a specific public health program that particularly targets families of low socioeconomic status, which represents the majority. Dental caries persist as a widespread condition in Sudan as a result of a deficit in these kinds of programs.

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyez Haque ◽  
Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽  
Betty Ann Horbul ◽  
Patricia Desroches ◽  
Craig Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Lakshmi M. K.
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

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