scholarly journals WATER ABSORPTION CAPACITY COEFFICIENT AND MASS MOISTURE OF RAMMED EARTH MATERIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Barbora Mužíková ◽  
Tereza Otcovská ◽  
Pavel Padevět
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Earth Material ◽  
Capacity Coefficient ◽  
Moisture Increase

This article presents the development of mass moisture of rammed earth material and determines the water absorption capacity coefficient for rammed earth with illite-kaoline clay. Specimens of two prescriptions were rammed in the moulds. They were settled in the box with soft foam that was moistened. The level of moistening was kept constant. The specimens were regularly measured and weighted. Two measuerements were carried out – one of montmorillonite clay during 13 days and one of illite-kaoline clay during three hours. The development of moisture increase was captured and the water absorption capacity coefficient for illite-kaoline clay was determined and compared to coefficients of common building materials.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect Clay Substitution with Wood Sawdust and Hydroton on Compressive Strength, Density and Water Absorption of Red Brick Case Study of Traditional Red Brick Industry in Singgahan Village

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Raka Candra Fitrian ◽  
Agung Sumarno
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Substitution Ratio ◽  
The Village

Redbrick is one of the building materials which is commonly used as a basic building material. In the traditional red brick factory in the village of Singgahan Tuban, East Java, some problems are often encountered in the field, namely red bricks that are cracked and broken on the bricks at the bottom of the pile. This has an impact on results that are not on target. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of wood sawdust and hydroton substitution on the compressive strength, density, and water absorption capacity of redbrick. Using an experimental method with a substitution ratio of wood sawdust and hydroton of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Manufacture of 50 red bricks measuring 23 x 11 x 4.5 cm. The drying process is carried out for 5 days then burned at 900° C for 2 days. From the test, it was found that the red brick without substitution had a compressive strength value of 8.95 MPa, a density value of 1.59 grams / cm³, and a water absorption capacity of 11.14%. The red brick substitution of wood sawdust waste has a compressive strength value of 6.25 MPa, a density value of 1.48 grams / cm³ and a water absorption capacity of 12.04%. In the red brick, the hydroton substitution has a compressive strength value of 9.27 MPa, a density value of 1.64 grams/cm air, and a water absorption capacity of 11.22%.

The effect of sugar beet fiber addition on the chemical properties of tortilla chips

2012 ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Saadatmandi ◽  
Mohammad Elahi ◽  
Reza Farhoosh ◽  
Mahdi Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Tortilla Chips

The incorporation of sugar beet fiber (0–5%) to tortilla chips and the effects on the chemical and sensory properties were studied. Addition of sugar beet fiber (SBF) led to an increasing of water absorption capacity, ash content and darkness while lowering the protein content and oil absorption. Sensory evaluation showed that the overall acceptability of tortilla chips reduces if adding more than 2% SBF.

scholarly journals Water Absorption Capacity Determines the Functionality of Vital Gluten Related to Specific Bread Volume

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Marina Schopf ◽  
Katharina Anne Scherf
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Wheat Flours

Vital gluten is often used in baking to supplement weak wheat flours and improve their baking quality. Even with the same recipe, variable final bread volumes are common, because the functionality differs between vital gluten samples also from the same manufacturer. To understand why, the protein composition of ten vital gluten samples was investigated as well as their performance in a microbaking test depending on the water content in the dough. The gluten content and composition as well the content of free thiols and disulfide bonds of the samples were similar and not related to the specific bread volumes obtained using two dough systems, one based on a baking mixture and one based on a weak wheat flour. Variations of water addition showed that an optimal specific volume of 1.74–2.38 mL/g (baking mixture) and 4.25–5.49 mL/g (weak wheat flour) was reached for each vital gluten sample depending on its specific water absorption capacity.

Comparison of Bio and Eco-technologies with Chemical Methods for Pre-treatment of Flax Fibers: Impact on Fiber Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabela Camano ◽  
Nemeshwaree Behary ◽  
Philippe Vroman ◽  
Christine Campagne
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
High Water ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
The Impact

Flax fibers, available as fiber bundles, are commonly used as fiber reinforcement in composite materials as a substitute for glass fibers. Pre-treatments are often necessary for improving fiber-resin adhesion, and also to facilitate fiber elementarization, and to improve fiber ability to be implemented in mechanical processes limiting fiber damages. This paper focuses on the impact of biotechnologies (effect of 2 different enzymes: a pectate lyase and a laccase) and of an ecotechnology (ultrasound with ethanol), compared to classical chemical pre-treatments (using aqueous NaOH and ammonia) on the final flax fiber bundle properties, before and after a carding process. Fiber surface properties (wettability and/or zeta potential values), fiber elementarization and mechanical properties vary with the type of treatment (chemical nature of product and conditions used). Fibers elementarised using pectate lyase and ultrasound/ethanol have a hydrophilic surface and a high water absorption capacity, and are also of highest quality in terms of increased fineness. Treatment with NaOH yields the poorest fiber bundle tenacity. Laccase enzyme yields long thick hydrophobic fibers having very low water absorption capacity, and the most neutral surface charge. Properties of flax fibers can be easily monitored using different pre-treatments resulting in fibers which would be suited for various final applications.

scholarly journals Experimental study on water level and absorption capacity in a radial well flow in a loess area

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1321
Author(s):  
Xuezhen Zhang ◽  
Aidi Huo ◽  
Jucui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Radial Well

Abstract In this paper, the theoretical basis for flow calculation in an injection well was discussed. It proposed that the flow rate of an injection well could be calculated referring to pumping theory and method. A mathematical model of the rising curve of water level around a radial well was established and the equation for calculating the rising curve was given. The calculation equations selected for the water absorption capacity of injection wells were explained and examples were verified and compared. The results indicated that, under the same injection conditions, the water level value calculated by the analysis method was slightly larger, but the error between the analysis method and the semi-theoretical and semi-empirical methods was small. In the processes of steady flow injection and unsteady flow injection, there was a small difference of water absorption capacity, and the former was slightly larger. The measured values of water absorption capacity were only about one-third of the calculated values based on pumping theory. Overall, the analytical solution method for predicting the rising curve of water level has priority in well injection. The semi-theoretical and semi-empirical equation for calculating water absorption capacity sifted first has priority in steady flow injection, the equation sifted second has priority in unsteady flow injection.

scholarly journals Formation of porous ceramics using cullet and biological waste of water purification

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vlasova ◽  
I. Rosales ◽  
M. Kakazey ◽  
Parra Parra ◽  
R. Guardian
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Temperature Range

Porous ceramics (bricks) was obtained using red clay, milled fusible cullet, and biowaste in the temperature range 950-1000?C. The high content of water in biowaste eliminates the necessity of introducing water in soft mud forming of bricks. The porosity, water absorption capacity, and mechanical properties of the prepared ceramics depend on content of milled cullet and sintering temperature.

scholarly journals Impacts of Cooking Times (Steaming and Cooking on Embers) on Some Physico-Functional Parameters of Yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) Flours Cv Dougon-won Consumed in Côte d'Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gbocho Serge Elvis Ekissi ◽  
Jacques Yapi Achy ◽  
Martin Tanoh Kouadio ◽  
Bedel Jean Fagbohoun ◽  
Lucien Patrice Kouamé
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Dioscorea Bulbifera ◽  
Cooking Times

Impacts of cooking times (steaming and cooking on embers) on some physico-functional parameters of yam (D. bulbifera) flours cv Dougou-won were determined during 10, 20 and 30 min. Results showed that steaming and cooking on embers increased significantly (P <0.05) the dispersibility (D), water absorption capacity (WAC), paste clarity (PC), water solubility index (WSI), swelling power (SP), least gelation capacity (LGC) and solubility (S) but decreased significantly (P <0.05) foam capacity (FC), wettability (W) and foam stability (FS) of flours (D. bulbifera) cv Dougou-won. Steaming increased significantly (P <0.05) oils absorption capacity (OAC) and bulk density (BD). However, cooking on embers decreased significantly (P <0.05) oils absorption capacity (OAC) but not affected significantly (P <0.05) bulk density (BD). The steaming time (30 min) is recommended to considerably influence the physico-functional parameters of the yam (D. bulbifera) flours cv Dougou-won.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE OF STABILIZED EDE LATERITE AS AN ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adegbenle Bukunmi O
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Water ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Optimum Performance ◽  
High Water Absorption

Laterite samples from Ede area with particle components of 19.7% clay, 32.8% silt and 47.5% sand was stabilized with combined cement, lime and bitumen and test for Compressive strength, Linear Shrinkage, Permeability and Water Absorption. The stabilizers were mixed with laterite soil in different ratios and percentage. The laterite carried 90% which is constant while the three stabilizers shared the remaining 10% in varying form. After 28 days of curing, laterite stabilizer with 90% of laterite, 8% of cement, 1% lime and 1% bitumen (LCLB1) possessed compressive strength of 2.01N/mm2. It Water Absorption Capacity was 3.05%. LCLB4 stabilizer (90% laterite, 6% cement, 2% lime and 2% bitumen) has the same compressive strength with LCLB1 stabilizer but with a high Water Absorption Capacity of 4.2%. The stabilizer of 90% laterite, 3.33% cement, 3.33% lime and 3.33% of bitumen (LCLB8) has the lowest compressive strength of 0.74N/mm2 and the highest Water Absorption Capacity of 5.39%. The results shows that LCLB1 stabilizer is a better stabilizer for strength and blocks made from laterite stabilized with it stand a good alternative to sand Crete blocks in building constructions. The combination of these stabilizers in order to determine a most economical volume combination for optimum performance is highly possible and economical.

scholarly journals Comparative nutritional and functional properties of selected underutilized legumes

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Soetan ◽  
A. A. Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Emulsion Capacity

Underutilized and neglected legumes have numerous nutritional potentials with great contributions to food security but they are usually excluded from research and development agenda. This study evaluates the nutritional and functional properties of six different underutilized and neglected legumes; Lima bean (LB) (Phaseolus lunatus) (2006-009), Bambara groundnut (BG) (Vigna subterranea) (TVSU- 1482), winged bean (WB) (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) (Tpt-48), jack bean (JB) (Canavalia ensiformis) (Tce-4), sword bean (SB) (Canavalia gladiata) (Tcg-4) and African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) (TSS-95) from the Genetic Resources Unit (GRU), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Nutritional and functional properties were evaluated using proximate composition, mineral analyses and functional properties like bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsion capacity and dispersibility. All the procedures were carried out using standard protocols. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Results of proximate analysis showed that crude protein ranged from18.88 0.15%(WB) to 26.60±0.14%(AYB), crude fat ranged from 1.84 0.02% (JB) to 6.39 0.03% (BG), crude fibre ranged from 3.70 ±0.00% (AYB) to 5.04 0.03% (SB), ash ranged from 3.10 ± 0.14% (AYB) to 4.66 0.02% (LB), nitrogen free extract ranged from 55.60 0.04% (SB) to 62.97 0.12% (WB), moisture content ranged from 5.75 0.48% (AYB) to 10.77 0.03% (JB), dry matter ranged from 89.23 0.03% (JB) to 94.25 ± 0.488% (AYB) and gross energy ranged from 4.39 0.003 kcal/g (SB) to 4.66 0.00 (BG). Mineral content results revealed that calcium varied from 0.14 0.000% (LB) to 0.23 0.0003% (AYB), phosphorus varied from 0.20 0.0001% (AYB) to 0.38 0.00% (BG), sodium varied from 0.12 0.00% (LB and WB) to 0.35 0.0006% (AYB), potassium varied from 0.69 0.00% (LB) to 1.12 0.00% (BG), magnesium varied from 0.15 0.0002% (AYB) to 0.27 0.000% (BG) and iron varied from 44.84 0.03 (mg/g) (WB) to 80.98 0.0007(mg/g) (AYB). Results of functional properties showed that bulk density ranged from 0.45±0.04 g/mL (WB) to 0.77±0.08 g/mL (SB), water absorption capacity ranged from 168.33±0.03 g/100g (LB) to 183.62±0.01 g/100g (SB), oil absorption capacity ranged from 146.54 ±0.02 g/100g (LB) to 161.55±0.02 g/100g (JB), emulsion capacity ranged from 79.67 ±0.02 g/100g (LB) to 89.46±0.02 g/100g (SB) and dispersibility ranged from81.0±1.41%(SB) to 86.5±0.71% (BG). The study concluded that all the underutilized legumes have varying nutritional and functional properties, which should be exploited for nutritional benefits and industrial applications, as a solution to the problem of food shortage, especially in the developing countries.

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