scholarly journals Interdisciplinarity in Higher Education: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Literature in the period 2014-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Bernardo Vitor de Souza Marins ◽  
Hellen Costa Ramos ◽  
Geraldo Souza Ferreira ◽  
Stella Regina Reis Costa ◽  
Helder Gomes Costa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Goal: The growing complexity of problems induces the use of multi- and interdisciplinary approaches in their solution. This situation occurs in a number of fields, including in the field of Education. The results of research from the interdisciplinary point of view in Education are presented in several journals, addressing different subjects, which prevents a holistic view on the development of this area. In order to fill this gap, this article aims to study interdisciplinarity in education in order to understand how the concept of interdisciplinarity has been applied in this area. Design / Methodology / Approach: It consists of a bibliographical survey, with articles indexed in the SCOPUS database. The selection of articles was limited to a transversal research in the literature from 2014 to 2018, using the following keywords: interdisciplinarity and higher education. Limitations of the investigation: Through the methodology used, 60 articles were selected. Results: Few articles were related to interdisciplinary practices, demonstrating the need for research to cover this gap. Practical implications: Although the subject began in the 1970s, there is still much to be researched regarding interdisciplinarity in education, to allow a better dissemination and practice thereof, so that students have a systemic view of current complexity. Originality/ Value: The study points out a gap in the literature, and the quantitative results suggest that there is a greater deficiency of works directed to the application of the interdisciplinary approach in the development of this aspect for the improvement of society.

scholarly journals Contribution of IQ in young adulthood to the associations of education and occupation with cognitive ability in older age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Insa Feinkohl ◽  
Petra Kozma ◽  
Friedrich Borchers ◽  
Simone J. T. van Montfort ◽  
Jochen Kruppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Studies suggest that a higher education and occupation are each associated with a higher late-life cognitive ability, but their inter-relationships in their association with cognitive ability and the contribution of peak IQ in young adulthood (‘pre-morbid IQ’) often remain unclear. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of 623 participants aged ≥65 years of the BioCog study. Education was coded according to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED; range 1 to 6). Occupation was coded as ‘semi/unskilled’, ‘skilled manual’, ‘skilled non-manual’, ‘managerial’, ‘professional’. A summary score of global ability (‘g’) was constructed from six cognitive tests. Pre-morbid IQ was estimated from vocabulary. The Geriatric Depression Scale assessed symptoms of depression. Age- and sex-adjusted analyses of covariance were performed. Results Education (partial eta2 0.076; p < 0.001) and occupation (partial eta2 = 0.037; p < 0.001) were each significantly associated with g. For education, the association was attenuated but remained statistically significant when pre-morbid IQ was controlled for (partial eta2 0.036; p < 0.001) and was unchanged with additional adjustment for depression (partial eta2 0.037; p < 0.001). For occupation, the association with g was no longer significant when pre-morbid IQ (partial eta2 = 0.015; p = 0.06) and depression (partial eta2 = 0.011; p = 0.18) were entered as covariates in separate steps. When education and occupation were entered concurrently into the fully adjusted model, only education was independently associated with g (partial eta2 0.030; p < 0.001; occupation, p = 0.93). Conclusion While a higher education and a higher occupation were each associated with a higher late-life cognitive ability, only for education some unique contribution to cognitive ability remained over and above its relationship with pre-morbid IQ, depression, and occupation. Further research is needed to address whether a longer time spent in education may promote late-life cognitive ability.

scholarly journals An Unified Design Procedure for Flying Machining Operations

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Strada ◽  
Bruno Zappa ◽  
Hermes Giberti
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Drive System ◽  
General Validity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Machining Operations ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Unified Design

“Flying machining” represents synchronization of an axis (slave) with a master axis in motion. One of the most important aspects of the design of “flying machining” operation is the choice of the proper law of motion of the slave axis. In literature, technical reports and papers can be found concerning this subject, but they deal with specific problems and the solutions or suggestions proposed are specific as well, suitable for those cases. In order to try to overcome this limitation, in this paper we analyze the subject of the flying machining operations from a wider point of view. We propose a unified design procedure with general validity, suitable for the choice of the slave axis’ law of motion for whatever “flying machining” operation. Furthermore methodologies for the selection of the drive system will be proposed. The procedure is described applying it on a cross sealing operation, typical of wrapping machine.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE USE OF METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING THE SUBJECT OF LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
N. Baltabayeva ◽  
◽  
A. Yerkinbekova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Study And Teaching ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

In this article, there is a need for a new study and teaching of modern Kazakh literature in the science of Kazakh literature. We know that the teaching of Kazakh literature is analyzed and studied in a new way, as the task is to examine it in detail. However, over time, each area of education has not yet been fully studied from the point of view of systematic scientific and methodological training. The relevance of the research lies in the artistic features of Kazakh literature, with a broad focus on current social problems and the topics covered in it, the selection of information, the formation of one's own scientific and methodological approach, effective methods of technology. Systematization, comprehensive analysis of modern effective technologies and methods of teaching Kazakh literature. The goal is to determine the consistency of teaching technologies, the specifics of teaching, and methodological relevance.

scholarly journals Modest changes in dietary intake across the menstrual cycle: implications for food intake research

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bryant ◽  
K. P. Truesdale ◽  
L. Dye
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Food intake varies across the menstrual cycle in mammals, energy intake usually being greater in the premenstrual phase compared with the postmenstrual phase. Premenstrual increments in energy intake and a preferential selection of carbohydrate have been suggested to be greater in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who may be more sensitive to cyclical hormonal or neurotransmitter fluctuations. This has direct implications for research within populations of women, especially where the primary outcome is diet or a change in energy balance. We aimed to determine whether: the premenstrual intake of energy and macronutrients differed from the postmenstrual intake; the change in intake across the menstrual cycle differed in women with PMS compared with controls; and the change in intake was related to the severity of premenstrual symptoms. We collected 3 d dietary intake data during the postmenstrual and premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in thirty-one women with PMS and twenty-seven control women. The consumption of energy and macronutrient intake were similar between the phases of the cycle in women with PMS. Conversely, intakes were usually greater premenstrually in control women, although not all differences were statistically significant. Exceptions were with non-milk extrinsic sugars and alcohol, which were both consumed in greater amounts in the premenstrual phase in women with PMS. Significant correlations were observed between the severity of symptoms and the change in the consumption of these nutrients. These data suggest that a consideration of the menstrual cycle phase and PMS in diet may not be warranted, especially in cross-sectional analysis, although it may need to be taken into account when examining change in intake during dietary interventions.

Wave-speed limitation on expiratory flow-a unifying concept

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Dawson ◽  
E. A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Pressure Area ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Local Speed

The mechanism limiting forced expiratory flow is explained on the basis that a local flow velocity reaches the local speed of wave propagation at a point, called the choke point, in intrathoracic airways. This theoretical approach to the “waterfall effect” leads to selection of the analogy of constricted open-channel flow to apply to the elastic network of airway tubes. Quantitative results are derived for the case of negligible friction by use of the Bernoulli principle. Shapes predicted for the maximum-flow static recoil curves depend only upon the nature of the pressure-area curve at the choke point in the case of negligible friction; and the magnitude of the critical rate of flow depends on reference values of cross-sectional area and elastic modulus at the choke point, on gas density, and on the static recoil pressure. The present theoretical results are used to interpret previous experiments, but quantitative applicability is limited because of frictional effects and lack of knowledge of choke point conditions.

scholarly journals Doctors’ views of disulfiram and their response to relapse in alcohol-dependent patients, Free State, 2009

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina M. Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Free State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
External Motivation

Background: Disulfiram is the oldest and best known drug to prevent relapse after detoxification from alcohol. Effective use of the drug is dependent on stringent monitoring and high levels of external motivation. Doctors’ perceptions about the drug have not been investigated extensively.Aim: We investigated the perceptions and practices of doctors involved in relapse prevention in alcoholics with regard to disulfiram and their response to relapse.Setting: The study population consisted of 60 doctors from the Free State Province, involved in the follow-up of alcoholics across various work settings.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used, and data collection involved the use of a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative results are presented in figures and percentages to provide a background for the qualitative findings that are clustered in themes.Results: A quarter of participants did not prescribe disulfiram, another quarter prescribed disulfiram routinely after detoxification, and half of them prescribed it for selected cases only. Subject to affordability, selection of disulfiram was mainly determined by the perceived level of the patient’s motivation. External motivation sometimes took the form of threats of bodily harm or death caused by drinking. Some participants regarded relapse as confirmation of poor motivation and even a valid reason for terminating the doctor-patient relationship.Conclusion: Doctors perceive disulfiram as a psychological tool to induce motivation through creating fear of drinking. Failure and success are perceived as related to the level of motivation. These perceptions could be unfair as biological factors in inter-patient variability in response are ignored.

An Introduction to Investment in Real Property

1945 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 166-183
Author(s):  
G. B. Lane ◽  
W. A. Leach
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Real Property ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The object of this commentary is to indicate the fundamental principles underlying the selection of property investments from the point of view of an insurance company. It is, however, essential first to examine the phraseology of real property, with its legal background, before we can distinguish between the various types of property and the degree of security afforded by each type. In the time at our disposal, we must of necessity confine ourselves to the basic elements of the subject, and make no attempt to deal with war-time legislation or present prospects of changes in legislation.

Fabrication of Planar and Cross-Sectional TEM Specimens Using a Focused Ion Beam

1990 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Young ◽  
E. C. G. Kirk ◽  
D. A. Williams ◽  
H. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACTA new technique using a focused ion beam has been developed for the fabrication of transmission electron microscopy specimens in pre-selected regions. The method has been proven in the fabrication of both cross-sectional and planar specimens, with no induced artefacts. The lateral accuracy achievable in the selection of an area for cross-sectional analysis is better than one micrometre. The technique has been applied to a number of silicon and III-V based integrated circuits, and is expected to be suitable for many other materials and structures.

scholarly journals Desarrollo de las políticas de uso de un repositorio digital para una institución de nivel superior en situación de desventaja tecnológica

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
José Alonso Fernández López ◽  
María Manuela Pintor Chávez ◽  
Marcela Georgina Gómez Zermeño
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Sectional Analysis

This study presents a qualitative cross-sectional analysis about the conditions of an educational center of higher education in disadvantaged conditions due to the geographic isolation and lack of technological infrastructure and internet access. To reduce this information access gap, it is proposed to implement a repository of learning objects, taking into account the needs of the institution. Through the use of interviews, information was gathered on the experiences and perspectives of students, teachers and principals about the use and adoption of a repository of learning objects. The results show that the participants have positive opinion about the implantation of a virtual repository; the policies derived from this research are shown. However, the process must continue to develop in relation to the election and creation of the content to determine if it contributes positively to the teaching and learning processes.

scholarly journals “WOULD YOU BE SO KIND NOT TO WITHHOLD MY APPLICATION”. THE 1920-S RABFAK STUDENTS' PROBLEMS REFLECTED IN THEIR APPEALS TO THE AUTHORITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
E. S. Studenikina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Student Life ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Student Transfer ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual

Workers’ faculties (rabfak) began their work to help the workers and the poorest countrymen in gaining necessary knowledge for admission to higher educational institutions. The article examines the moment of the rabfak establishment from the point of view of students who wrote to the authorities. The analysis of letters helps us trace milestones in students’ lives, such as entering workers’ faculties, studies, graduation, along with the related problems. Most of the letters to the authorities dealt with the students’ personal problems and their involvement into getting proper education, without considering systemic issues, such as inefficient learning in some institutions or the lack of students with a certain specialization. Students’ letters also help us look more closely at the problems of rabfak students, especially since those letters are rarely allocated into individual cases; much more often they are mixed with the appeals of students and/or other citizens to certain authorities. Partially, the topics contained in the letters were the subject of a wide public discussion of the 1920s (overload of educational and social work, difficult living conditions, the need to work additionally, etc.); others concerned the individual situation of a particular student: transfer to another university for family reasons, disappointment in the profession, etc. The letters give an idea not only about the peculiarities of studying at the workers’ faculty, but also about the student life of that time, relations between students, and the perception of the higher education system by young people as well

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