MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND HANDGRIP MUSCLE FORCE CONTRACTILE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FIRST SELECTION LEVEL IN WATER POLO: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN U15 WATER POLO PLAYERS AND THE CONTROL GROUP

The impact of chronic, intense exercise, such as in elite athletes, on phospholipids fatty acids (FA) composition has not been studied in women so far. This study aimed to investigate FA profiles in plasma and erythrocytes phospholipids in elite female water polo (N = 15) and football (N = 19) players in comparison with sedentary women. In spite of similar dietary patterns, as assessed by a food frequency questionnaire, plasma FA profile in the football players showed significantly higher proportions of stearic acid, oleic acid, and monounsaturated FA (MUFA), and significantly lower proportions of total and n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) than in the water polo and control group. The water polo players had higher percentages of palmitoleic acid and arachidonic acid than the control subjects. Erythrocyte FA profile differed among groups. We found significantly higher proportion of oleic acid and MUFA in the football group than in the controls, and decreased stearic acid and elevated palmitic and palmitoleic acid in the water polo players than in the other 2 groups. Both groups of athletes had significantly lower percentages of n-6 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, n-6 PUFA, and total PUFA compared with the controls. The estimated activities of elongase and desaturases in erythrocytes were also altered in the athletes. Our results indicate that long-term, intense physical training significantly affects FA status of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids in women. The observed differences between the water polo and the football players suggest that the type of regular training may contribute to the altered metabolism of FA, although possible genetic differences among the 3 study groups cannot be ruled out.

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Endotoxin administration alters the force vs. pCa relationship of skeletal muscle fibers

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.4.r891 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 278 (4) ◽

pp. R891-R896 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

G. Supinski ◽

D. Nethery ◽

T. M. Nosek ◽

L. A. Callahan ◽

D. Stofan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Force ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Contractile Proteins ◽

Hill Coefficient ◽

Control Group ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Endotoxin Administration ◽

Generating Capacity ◽

The Hill

Recent work indicates that endotoxemia elicits severe reductions in skeletal muscle force-generating capacity. The subcellular alterations responsible for these decrements have not, however, been fully characterized. One possibility is that the contractile proteins per se are altered in endotoxemia and another is that the mechanism by which these proteins are activated is affected. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of endotoxin administration on the contractile proteins by examining the maximum calcium-activated force (Fmax) and calcium sensitivity of single Triton-skinned fibers of diaphragm, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles taken from control and endotoxin-treated (8 mg/kg) rats. Fibers were mounted on a force transducer and sequentially activated by serial immersion in solutions of increasing Ca2+ concentration (i.e., pCa 6.0 to pCa 5.0); force vs. pCa data were fit to the Hill equation. All fibers were typed at the conclusion of studies using gel electrophoresis. Fmax, the calcium concentration required for half-maximal activation (Ca50), and the Hill coefficient were compared as a function of muscle and fiber type for the control and endotoxin-treated animals. Control group Fmax was similar for diaphragm, soleus, and EDL fibers, i.e., 112.34 ± 2.64, 111.55 ± 3.66, and 104.05 ± 4.33 kPa, respectively. Endotoxin administration reduced the average Fmax for fibers from all three muscles to 80.25 ± 2.30, 72.47 ± 2.97, and 78.32 ± 2.43 kPa, respectively ( P < 0.001 for comparison of each to control). All fiber types in diaphragm, soleus, and EDL muscles manifested similar endotoxin-related reductions in Fmax. The Ca50 and the Hill coefficient for all fiber types and all muscles were unaffected by endotoxin administration. We speculate that these alterations in the intrinsic properties of the contractile proteins represent a major mechanism by which endotoxemia reduces muscle force-generating capacity.

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Análisis funcional de un protocolo validado para la enseñanza de la desigualdad numérica en waterpolo en jugadores de categoría alevín (Efficacy comparative of a validated power play training protocol in water polo U12 players)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v0i35.67879 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 374-377

Author(s):

Francisco Manuel Argudo Iturriaga ◽

Pablo José Borges ◽

Encarnación Ruiz Lara ◽

Jaime Prieto Bermejo

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Design ◽

Control Group ◽

Observational Methodology ◽

Water Polo ◽

Los Grupos ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Training Protocol ◽

Power Play ◽

Teaching Situations

Resumen. El presente estudio pretende comprobar la eficacia de un protocolo para la enseñanza de las situaciones de juego en desigualdad numérica temporal simple en waterpolo con jugadores alevines. Se diseñaron y aplicaron 20 sesiones teóricas y prácticas sobre las acciones correctas a realizar. Se utilizó la metodología observacional mediante un diseño descriptivo y correlacional de carácter longitudinal. Se analizaron las diferencias entre un grupo experimental y un grupo control en 160 microsituaciones de juego en relación a la consecución de gol, fallo, interceptación y duración de la jugada. Hallando diferencias significativas entre los grupos (χ²(2)=16.99; p<.001; TE=.23), más goles y menos interceptaciones en el grupo experimental. Se concluye que el protocolo utilizado con el grupo experimental es válido, fiable y útil para la enseñanza de las jugadas en desigualdad numérica temporal simple con y sin posesión del balón en waterpolo.Abstract. The present study aims to test the efficacy of a protocol for teaching situations of play in simple temporary numerical inequality in water polo U12 player. 20 theoretical and practical sessions were designed and applied on the correct actions to be taken. Observational methodology was used through a descriptive and correlational longitudinal design. The differences between an experimental group and a control group were analyzed in 160 playing microsituations in relation to the achievement of goal, failure, interception and duration of the play. There were significant differences between groups (χ²(2)=16.99, p<.001; TE=.23), finding more goals and fewer interceptions in the experimental group. It is concluded that the protocol used with the experimental group is valid, reliable and useful for the teaching of plays in simple temporary numerical inequality with and without ball possession in water polo.

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Morphological study of the vastus medialis oblique in recurrent patellar dislocation based on magnetic resonance images

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51291/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Shu ◽

Xu Yang ◽

Hangyuan He ◽

Biao Chen ◽

Liaobin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Muscle Fibre ◽

Tilt Angle ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

Vastus Medialis ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patella Tilt

Abstract Background: To investigate the morphological parameters of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) muscle and delineate its importance in the maintenance of patellofemoral joint stability.Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of seventy-five knees (fifty-four patients) with recurrent lateral patella dislocation (LPD) and seventy-five knees (seventy patients) without recurrent LPD were retrospectively analysed. Five morphological parameters related to the VMO (elevation in the sagittal plane and coronal plane, craniocaudal extent, muscle-fibre angulation, cross-sectional area ratio) and two patella tilt parameters (patella tilt angle, bisect offset ratio) were measured in MR images. The independent-samples t test or chi-square test was used for statistical comparisons.Results: The mean ages of the patients in the recurrent LPD group and control group were 22.1 ± 9.9 years and 24.0 ± 6.5 years, respectively. Eighteen out of seventy-five (24%) patients MRI showed VMO injuries. Compared with the control group, the patients with recurrent LPD showed significantly higher sagittal VMO elevation (10.4 ± 2.3 mm vs 4.1 ± 1.9 mm), coronal VMO elevation (15.9 ± 5.7 mm vs 3.9 ± 3.7 mm), muscle-fibre angulation (35.4 ± 8.0° vs 27.9 ± 6.3°), patella tilt angle (25.9 ± 10.7° vs 9.1 ± 5.2°), and bisect offset ratio values (0.9 ± 0.3 vs 0.5 ± 0.1) and significantly lower craniocaudal extent (13.7 ± 5.3 mm vs 16.7 ± 5.1 mm) and cross-sectional area ratio values (0.05 ± 0.02 vs 0.07 ± 0.02).Conclusions: The results showed that abnormalities in the VMO and patella tilt were clearly present in recurrent LPD patients compared with normal people.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND THROWING VELOCITY, MAXIMAL FORCE AND SWIMMING SPEED IN ELITE MALE WATER POLO PLAYERS

sportlogia ◽

10.5550/sgia.141001.en.002i ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

Kemal Idrizović ◽

Julio Calleja-Gonzáles ◽

Dean Kontić

Keyword(s):

Swimming Speed ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Water Polo ◽

Maximal Force

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HANDGRIP MUSCLE FORCE CHARACTERISTICS WITH GENERAL REFERENCE VALUES AT CHELYABINSK AND BELGRADE STUDENTS

Human Sport Medicine ◽

10.14529/hsm190204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 27-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Dopsaj ◽

A Nenasheva ◽

T Tretiakova ◽

Yu Syromiatnikova ◽

E Surina-Marysheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Force ◽

Male Students ◽

Isometric Handgrip ◽

General Reference ◽

Test Protocol ◽

Handgrip Test ◽

The Stability ◽

The Given ◽

Force Characteristics ◽

Contractile Characteristics

The Aim. The aim of this paper is to define the contractile characteristics of maximal isometric handgrip force and to establish possible differences between the students of the Universities of Chelyabinsk and Belgrade. The secondary aim is to create a practically applicable initial model in order to explore the mentioned characteristics in the future. Material and methods. For the purposes of this research, the overall sample of 225 subjects was tested. 91 subjects were from Russia and 134 were from Serbia. The results were gathered using a strain gage and a standardized isometric handgrip test protocol. The contractile properties of HG muscle force were measured in relation to three different contractile dimensions: the maximal muscle force (Fmax), the maximal explosive muscle force (RFDmax), the time need for achieving maximal (tFmax) and maximal explosive (tRFDmax) muscle force. Results. This study has shown that there are no generally statistically significant differences for all observed variables of HG contractile characteristics between tested Russian and Serbian students. Based on the results of the present study, six different models of the equation for evaluation of HG contractile characteristics of female and male students, i.e. young adults, were made. All defined models are highly statistically significant, accurate and sensitive in the prediction of the general distributive position of an individual or particular group of subjects in relation to the measured contractile characteristics. Conclusions. The obtained results can generally indicate the stability of potential to exert the given contractile characteristic in relation to the population of similar evolutionary (Slavs) at different geographical background.

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Influence of milk thistle, methifene and sylimevit on the morphological parameters of laying hens in experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis

Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32718/ujvas3-1.08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

A. Y. Ostapyuk ◽

B. V. Gutyj

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Modern Science ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Milk Thistle ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Experimental Group

One of the most pressing problems of modern science is the systematic study of natural processes, forecasting and complex assessment of changes in the environment under the influence of anthropogenic load. Blood composition is a relatively constant indicator, which is at the same time one of the labile systems of laying hens. Physiological processes that occur in the body, largely affect the quality of blood. Hematological studies make it possible to study in more detail the effect of cadmium on the body of chickens, on the basis of which a more specific development of the scheme of treatment and prevention of cadmium toxicosis in poultry is possible. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milk thistle, methifene and silymevitis on the morphological indices of laying hens in the development of chronic cadmium toxicosis. 32 laying hens, 78 weeks of age, were selected for the study. Four experimental groups were formed: control and three experimental. The control group (C) chickens and the three experimental groups were cadmium sulfate 4 mg/kg body weight in water. The chickens of the experimental group E1 with feed were fed the fruits of milk thistle spotted at a dose of 2.0 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. The chickens of the E2 experimental group were fed methifene at a dose of 0.28 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days with feed. The chickens of the E3 experimental group were fed a sylimevit at a dose of 0.36 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. Drinking cadmium sulphate to laying hens at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight contributed to a decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin level and an increase in leukocyte counts. With cadmium load of laying hens, milk thistle, methifene and sylimevit have a positive effect on the morphological parameters of the blood. In chronic cadmium toxicosis in laying hens, the best normalizing effect on the morphological parameters of the blood of experimental chickens is sylimevit, compared with methifene and milk thistle.

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The effect of prebiotic with bifidogenic properties on morphometric parameters of rabbits

Agricultural science Euro-North-East ◽

10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.6.928-934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 928-934

Author(s):

E. V. Vinogradova ◽

M. K. Chugreev ◽

N. I. Kulmakova

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Live Weight ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Meat Productivity

The research was aimed at study of the potential and effectiveness of lactulose use in rabbit breeding. Lactulose is an isomer of milk sugar (disaccharide), it serves as a nutrient substrate for saccharolytic bacteria. The latter decompose it into short-chain fatty acids - lactic, acetic, propionic, butyric. At that time, the pH of the contents of the colon decreases. The microbiocenosis uses lactulose as a source of carbohydrates and energy. In this work, the optimal dosage and method of introducing lactulose into the diet of young rabbits of the California breed are calculated and determined experimentally. The experiment (2013-2016) involved male rabbits at the age of 45 days. The duration of the experiment was 60 days. The control group and two experimental groups of 20 heads each were formed by the method of analog pairs. The dry type of feeding was used using full-grain granular compound feed KK-92. Lactulose concentrate "Lactusan" was used, being added to drinking water. As the basic value of the norm for the introduction of lactulose into the diet of rabbits for further planned experiments, 0.06 g/kg of live weight per day was taken. As a result of the conducted studies, some responses of the rabbit body were revealed when they were raised using the lactulose prebiotic, which has bifidogenic properties. The influence of different dosages of lactulose on some morphological parameters and meat productivity of rabbits was established. The mass of the examined internal organs did not undergo critical changes. The introduction of lactulose into the diet of California rabbits for 60 days at a dosage of 0.06 g/kg of live weight per day increased the slaughter yield by 3.1 %, and at a dosage of 0.12 g/kg ‒by 0.5 %.

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Effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone and fatty acid levels in elite male water polo players

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1401355d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 355-361

Author(s):

Marina Djelic ◽

Sanja Mazic ◽

Jasna Tepsic ◽

D. Nesic ◽

Biljana Lazovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Growth Hormone ◽

Water Polo ◽

Baseline Levels ◽

Incremental Protocol ◽

Serum Gh

The aim of study was to estimate the effect of acute exercise on serum growth hormone (GH) and fatty acid (FFA) levels in elite water polo players. Twelve male water polo players (20.50 ? 2.02 years) and eleven non-athletic male subjects (20.55 ? 1.04 years) participated in this study. In order to determine GH and FFA responses to acute exercise, a treadmill-running test was performed following an incremental protocol. Pre-exercise blood samples for both athletes and non-athletes were taken at 9 AM. Post-exercise samples were taken immediately after and 30 min after the treadmill running test. Water polo players had significantly lower baseline values of serum GH concentration compared to controls, whereas serum FFA concentration was significantly higher in water polo players compared to controls (p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively). In both groups, concentration of GH was significantly higher immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). In water polo players, the concentration of FFA was significantly decreased immediately after and after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline levels (p<0.05). No significant response to maximal exercise test was observed in the control group for serum FFA concentration. Our research indicates that acute exercise resulted in a significant increase in serum GH and reduction in fatty acid levels in elite water polo players.

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Morphological study of the vastus medialis oblique in recurrent patellar dislocation based on magnetic resonance images

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51291/v4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lei Shu ◽

Xu Yang ◽

Hangyuan He ◽

Biao Chen ◽

Liaobin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Muscle Fibre ◽

Tilt Angle ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Control Group ◽

Vastus Medialis ◽

Morphological Parameters ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patella Tilt

Abstract Background: To investigate the morphological parameters of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) muscle and delineate its importance in the maintenance of patellofemoral joint stability.Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of seventy-five knees (fifty-four patients) with recurrent lateral patella dislocation (LPD) and seventy-five knees (seventy patients) without recurrent LPD were retrospectively analysed. Five morphological parameters related to the VMO (elevation in the sagittal plane and coronal plane, craniocaudal extent, muscle-fibre angulation, cross-sectional area ratio) and two patella tilt parameters (patella tilt angle, bisect offset ratio) were measured in MR images. The independent-samples t test or chi-square test was used for statistical comparisons.Results: The mean ages of the patients in the recurrent LPD group and control group were 22.1 ± 9.9 years and 24.0 ± 6.5 years, respectively. Eighteen out of seventy-five (24%) patients MRI showed VMO injuries. Compared with the control group, the patients with recurrent LPD showed significantly higher sagittal VMO elevation (10.4 ± 2.3 mm vs 4.1 ± 1.9 mm), coronal VMO elevation (15.9 ± 5.7 mm vs 3.9 ± 3.7 mm), muscle-fibre angulation (35.4 ± 8.0° vs 27.9 ± 6.3°), patella tilt angle (25.9 ± 10.7° vs 9.1 ± 5.2°), and bisect offset ratio values (0.9 ± 0.3 vs 0.5 ± 0.1) and significantly lower craniocaudal extent (13.7 ± 5.3 mm vs 16.7 ± 5.1 mm) and cross-sectional area ratio values (0.05 ± 0.02 vs 0.07 ± 0.02).Conclusions: The results showed that abnormalities in the VMO and patella tilt were clearly present in recurrent LPD patients compared with normal people.

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