scholarly journals An examination of the attitudes of midwives and nurses towards gender roles and the influencing factorsEbe ve hemşirelerin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumları ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songül Aktaş ◽  
Zümrüt Yılar Erkek ◽  
Halil Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
English Summary ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Black Sea Region

AimThe study was conducted to determine the attitudes of midwives and nurses working in a university hospital in the Black Sea Region towards gender roles and influencing factors.MethodIt was a descriptive study and was carried out with 173 midwives and nurses. The sample size of the study was determined by G power analysis. The data were collected using “Introductory Information Form” and “Social Roles Attitude Scale”.FindingsThe majority of the nurses and midwives participating in the study were female (68.8%), university graduates (61.3%), nurse(92.5%) single (60.7%). Their mean age was 26.98±5.14. Social Roles Attitude Scale scores of midwives and nurses were found to be low. Gender was identified as an important factor influencing social gender attitude.In our study, the egalitarian gender role, female gender role, gender role in marriage, traditional gender role and male gender role scores were found higher in female midwives and nurses than male nurses (p<0.05). As their age increased, the mean scores of the midwives and nurses’ gender role were found to decrease (p <0.05). The single midwives and nurses were found to have more egalitarian gender roles (p <0.05).ConclisuionOne of the factors influencing the gender attitude of midwives and nurses is the education level of the mother. As the mothers’ level of education increased in the study, it was determined that the role of gender was increased in the participants. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetAmaçÇalışma "Karadeniz Bölgesinde  bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan ebe ve hemşirelerin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla" yapılmıştır.MetotAraştırmanın tipi tanımlayıcıdır.   Çalışma  173 ebe ve hemşire ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın örneklem büyüklüğü G power analizi ile belirlenmiştir.   Veriler; “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır.BulgularÇalışmaya katılan ebe ve hemşirelerin çoğunluğu;  kadın (%68.8),  üniversite mezunu (%61.3), hemşire (%92.5), ve medeni durumu bekârdır (%60.7). Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması  26.98±5.14, evlilik süresi ortalaması ise  6.07±6.29’dir. Ebe ve hemşirelerin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutum ölçeği puanları  düşük bulunmuştur. Cinsiyet, toplumsal cinsiyet tutumunu etkileyen önemli bir faktör olarak belirlenmiştir.  Çalışmamızda  "eşitlikçi cinsiyet rolü, kadın cinsiyet rolü, evlilikte cinsiyet rolü, geleneksel cinsiyet rolü ve erkek cinsiyet rolü puan ortalamaları" kadın ebe ve hemşirelerde, erkek hemşirelere göre  yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Yaş arttıkça, ebe ve hemşirelerin toplumsal cinsiyet rolü puan ortalamasının düştüğü belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Bekar olan ebe ve hemşirelerin daha fazla eşitlikçi cinsiyet rollerine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05).Çalışmada annelerin eğitimi düzeyi yükseldikçe, ebe ve hemşirelerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rolünün yükseldiği saptanmıştır.SonuçYaş, cinsiyet, ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu, medeni durum, ailede kararları alma biçimi,  para bütçesinin yönetim şekli  gibi faktörler,  toplumsal cinsiyet rolüne ilişkin tutum puanını etkileyebilmektedir (p<0.05).

scholarly journals The determination of attitude levels of sport science students on social gender role: Demographic differencesSpor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören gençlerin toplumsal cinsiyet rolüne ilişkin tutum düzeylerinin belirlenmesi: Demografik farklılıklar

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Feyza Meryem Kara ◽  
Hamdi Alper Güngörmüş
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Manova Analysis ◽  
Sports Sciences ◽  
Data Frequency

The aim of the study is to determine the attitudes of the sport sciences faculty students on gender role; compared with some demographic differences. A total of 200 people (Meanage = 21,91), 122 males (Meanage = 22,07 ± 2,22) and 73 females (Meanage = 21,65 ± 2,01) ± 2,15) were chosen with random selection method and answered "Gender Roles Attitude Scale" (TCRSS) (Zeyneloglu, 2008; Zeyneloglu and Fusun, 2011). In the evaluation of the data; frequency, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and one-factor MANOVA tests were used. According to MANOVA results, the effect of gender [λ = 0,918, F (5, 194) = 3,486, p <0,05] and branch [λ = 0,935, F (5, 194) = 2,700, p <0,05] variables on the sub-dimensions of the Gender Roles Attitude Scale seems to be significant. In addition, the results of the MANOVA analysis showed that the effects of age [λ = 0,954, F (5, 194) = 918, p> 0,05] and class [λ = 0,886, F (5,194) = 1,577, p <0,05] variables on the sub-dimensions of the Gender Roles Attitude Scale seems to be not significant. According to the findings of the study, it was determined that the highest score for gender roles was the “marriage gender role” and the lowest sub-dimension was “women gender roles”. In the light of these findings, it is observed that students of Faculty of Sports Sciences are still experiencing the presence of cultural influences similar to various researches.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetÇalışmanın amacı, spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim gören gençlerin toplumsal cinsiyet rolüne ilişkin tutum düzeylerinin belirlenerek; bazı demografik farklılıklara göre karşılaştırılmasıdır. Basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 122 (Ort.yaş=22,07 ± 2,22) erkek ve 73 kadın (Ort.yaş=21,65 ± 2,01) olmak üzere toplam 200 kişi (Ort.yaş=21,91 ± 2,15) “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Ölçeği”ni (TCRTÖ) (Zeyneloğlu, 2008; Zeyneloğlu ve Füsun, 2011) cevaplamışlardır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma ve tek faktörlü MANOVA testleri kullanılmıştır. MANOVA sonuçlarına göre, cinsiyet [λ=0,918, F(5, 194)=3,486, p<0,05] ve branş [λ=0,935, F(5, 194)=2,700, p<0,05] değişkenlerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeğinin alt boyutları üzerindeki temel etkisinin anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Bunun yanında, MANOVA analizi sonuçları yaş [λ=0,954, F(5, 194)=,918, p>0,05] ve sınıf [λ=0,886, F(5, 194)=1,577, p>0,05] değişkenlerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği alt boyutları üzerindeki temel etkisinin anlamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin ortalama puanı en yüksek boyutun “evlilik cinsiyet rolü” en düşük alt boyutun ise “kadın cinsiyet rolü” olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular ışığında spor bilimleri alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin de birçok araştırmayla benzer şekilde kültürel etkilerin varlığını hala yaşattıkları görülmektedir.

scholarly journals Teacher Candidates’ Gender Role Attitudes: Case of Adıyaman University

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Beril Nisa Yaşar
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Science Teacher Education ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Primary School Teacher ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim of this study is to determine gender role attitudes of fourth-grade students using descriptive and cross-sectional analysis by applying a questionnaire and Gender Roles Attitude Scale developed by Zeyneloglu and Terzioglu. Participants used in the study are made up of 187 fourthgrade students at the Department of Elementary Education (namely Primary School Teacher Education, Elementary Mathematics Teacher Education, Social Sciences Teacher Education, and Science Teacher Education). The results reveal the egalitarian attitudes among students for the sub-dimensions named egalitarian gender role (mean score: 29.05), female gender role (mean score: 24.37), marriage gender role (mean score: 19.67), traditional gender role (mean score: 23.41) and male gender role (mean score 17.24). Average and median Gender Roles Attitude Scale scores of respondent students were found to differ according to the type of department, the high school that they graduated from, and the person effective in choosing the department of students.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Prospective Social Studies Teachers’ Attitudes towards Gender Roles and Entrepreneurship Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Fadime Seçgin ◽  
Ayşegül Tural
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Teacher Education Program ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Social Studies Teachers ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Teachers Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

Social studies is an important course to include current issues and associate them with life. Within the course, the concept of gender and supporting the entrepreneurship of individuals are noteworthy. Since it is an interdisciplinary course, the recognition of gender roles, and understanding correctly and developing the concept of entrepreneurship are emphasized in the course content. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the prospective social studies teachers’ attitudes towards gender roles considered to play an important role in the emergence of entrepreneurial skills and their entrepreneurship levels. For this purpose, the study was carried out using a relational screening model. The study group consisted of 222 prospective teachers studying in social studies teacher education program at a university located in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey during the 2016-2017 academic year. In the study, Gender Roles Attitude Scale developed by Zeyneloğlu (2008) and University Students Entrepreneurship Scale developed by Yılmaz and Sünbül (2009) were used as data collection tools. As a result of the study, it was found that there is a significant relationship between the participants’ egalitarian gender role attitudes and entrepreneurship levels.

Gender Differences In University Students’ Attitude Towards Gender Roles

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-298
Author(s):  
Subha Malik ◽  
Madiha Nadeem ◽  
Farhat Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
The University

Gender role attitudes indicate the dynamics of gender relations in any society. As gender equality is now considered an important indicator of development for any country. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend the societal especially youth acuity towards gender roles in a culture. This paper examined the university students’ attitude towards gender roles by employing Gender Roles Attitude Scale (Zeyneloglu & Terzioglu, 2011). The objective was to understand whether the attitude of youth towards gender role was egalitarian or traditional. For this purpose, a survey was conducted by taking a sample of 513 respondents conveniently from various universities of Lahore, both descriptive and inferential statistics data were used for data analyses. The results revealed significant gender differences in respondents’ perception, as male students’ approach towards gender roles was found more egalitarian than females. Furthermore, residential cities and socioeconomic background of respondents’ parents was found important in shaping their approach towards gender roles. Findings suggested that parents’ role in the socialization of children may be deemed first critical step towards nurturing gender sensitized society along with the incorporation of gender aspects in academic curriculum across the discipline at the different educational level in Pakistan. Moreover, government and social activists may advocate gender sensitivity by using various programs and policies.

How Gender-Role Salience Influences Attitude Strength and Persuasive Message Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asia A. Eaton ◽  
Penny S. Visser ◽  
Vicki Burns
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Attitude Strength ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Role Salience ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Male Gender Roles ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted three studies to examine the relationship between gender and persuasion. We tested the notion that making gender roles salient affects the strength of individuals’ attitudes and the way they respond to persuasive information. In Studies 1 and 2, we found that priming women with the female gender role reduced the strength of their attitudes (Study 1, N = 50) and increased their susceptibility to persuasion through a low-thought process (Study 2, N = 98). In Study 3, we manipulated the salience of both the female and male gender roles among men and women and assessed persuasion to a counter-attitudinal message ( N = 185). We found that the female and male primes affected men and women similarly, with the female prime causing participants to process messages superficially and the male prime leading to thoughtful message processing. These findings help to explain women’s slightly greater persuadability in meta-analyses and provide evidence of harms that stereotypes about women can cause. Moving forward, we urge researchers to be wary of gender salience in the research context, especially when conducting persuasion research.

The Femininity–Money Incongruity Hypothesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Allen ◽  
Sarah J. Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Benevolent Sexism ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Societal Challenges

Women are often stereotyped as poorly equipped to deal with money matters, compared to men, yet very little research has examined the underpinnings and consequences of such gender stereotypes. Drawing on descriptive and prescriptive elements of women’s social roles, we empirically examined the gendered nature of money stereotypes. Specifically in the current work, we introduced and investigated the femininity–money incongruity hypothesis, which suggests that when the concepts of femininity and money are both cognitively activated, money will become a liability for women, causing decrements in cognitive functioning. We first probed the role of gender identity and benevolent sexism beliefs in women’s endorsement of money–gender stereotypes. In two subsequent experiments, we tested the hypothesis that simultaneously activating money and femininity would lead to decrements in cognitive functioning. Converging results across studies suggest that money is incompatible with the stereotypic female gender identity, and this incongruity has detrimental cognitive costs for women as they navigate gender roles. Implications of societal challenges imposed on women by gender stereotypes regarding money matters at work and in relationship contexts and proposed interventions are discussed. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684317718505

scholarly journals The Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS) as an alternative for the crisis in measurement of attitudes towards gender roles in Latin America: A study in Chilean university students

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Beatriz Pérez Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Concha-Salgado ◽  
Asunción Fernández-Suárez ◽  
Joel Juarros-Basterretxea ◽  
Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Gender Role Attitude ◽  
Floor Effect ◽  
Stereotyped Attitudes ◽  
The Revolution

Hemos experimentado cambios socioculturales que han favorecido el desarrollo de actitudes de roles de género (GRA) más igualitarias. Sin embargo, actualmente la revolución en los roles de género está incompleta y la falta de equidad en las estructuras sociales limita las experiencias individuales en igualdad. Ante esta realidad, la comunidad científica exige un sistema modernizado para medir GRA. Presentamos adaptación, evidencia de validez factorial y convergente, precisión, efecto techo y piso, normas de interpretación por sexo, y análisis del GRA más fácil y difícil de modificar, para la Escala de Actitudes de Rol de Género (EARG) en muestra de 1013 universitarios chilenos. La EARG tiene una estructura bifactorial que evalúa actitudes estereotipadas y trascendentes en contextos familiares, sociales y laborales. Presenta validez convergente con una medida de doble estándar sexual y es más confiable en puntajes bajos de trascendencia y puntajes altos de actitudes estereotipadas. El factor trascendente tuvo un efecto techo, y las actitudes estereotipadas un efecto suelo. Los roles familiares de género son los más fáciles de cambiar, y los relacionados con el trabajo los más difíciles. Se discute la necesidad de un cambio estructural para reactivar la revolución de los roles de género en Chile. We have experienced sociocultural changes, which have favoured the development of egalitarian gender role attitudes (GRA). Nevertheless, the revolution in gender roles is incomplete, and the lack of equity in social structures limits the individual experiences in equality. In the face of this reality, the scientific community is demanding a modernised system for measuring GRA. We present adaptation, evidence of factorial and convergent validity, accuracy, ceiling and floor effect, norms of interpretation by sex, and analyses of the GRA easiest or most difficult to modify, for the Gender Role Attitudes Scale (GRAS) in a sample of 1013 Chilean university students. The GRAS has a two-factor structure that allows the evaluation of stereotyped and transcendent attitudes of gender roles in family, social, and work contexts. The scale presents convergent validity with a sexual double standard measure and is more reliable in the low scores of transcendence and the high scores of stereotyped attitudes. Transcendent factor had a ceiling effect, and stereotyped attitudes had a floor effect. Family gender roles are the easiest to change, and work-related roles the most difficult. The authors discuss the need for a structural change to reactivate the revolution of gender roles in Chile.

scholarly journals Traditional gender roles attitude and romantic partner conflict among males: A Correlational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 573-589
Author(s):  
Swagata Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Gender Role Attitude ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
The One ◽  
Partner Conflict

Social norms and roles can affect our behavior and intrude on our alternatives. On the flip, that has an impact on and strain to comply may be constraining, specifically for individuals and personal goals for individuals who are much less aligned with the norms and roles of the one. Throughout the college years, a person socializing will increase to plenty volume. Chances of having a romantic relationship increase in those years of lifestyle. Exploring and being curious approximately the opposite genders and the eagerness to be in a courting with the alternative gender boom at its height So, conventional roles can also make it more difficult for a few individuals to proportion their precise characteristics, live true to their personal socio-sexual preferences, and self-decide their conduct in relationships. Provided that those man or woman possibilities and behaviors are crit for enjoyable relationships is usually uncertain as to whether or not following conventional norms and roles of masculinity and femininity ultimately helps or hurts a relationship. Gender role attitude here refers to the beliefs held by individuals towards any specific gender as measured by the Gender Role Attitude Scale (GRAS). The instrument was developed by Prof. Dr. Simge Zeyneloölu to determine attitudes towards gender roles. Another scale used was Romantic partner conflict which refers to the everyday conflicts faced by individuals in relationships and how they handle the conflict. The scale was introduced by Tammy L. Zacchill, purpose of this scale is to measure conflict experienced by individuals in romantic relationships. The study aims at seeing the relationship between gender role attitudes and romantic partner conflict among males.

Another Look at Sex Differences in Preferred Mate Characteristics: The Effects of Endorsing the Traditional Female Gender Role

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Johannesen-Schmidt ◽  
Alice H. Eagly
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Role ◽  
Traditional Female Role

This research used an individual differences approach to test Eagly and Wood's (1999) claim that sex differences in the characteristics that people prefer in mates reflect the tendency for men and women to occupy different social roles in a society. The study related the extent to which participants endorsed the traditional female gender role to their preferences for their future mate's traits and age relative to their own age. In general, the sex-differentiated preferences that are consistent with the traditional division of labor were more pronounced, especially in male participants, to the extent that they endorsed the traditional female role.

Gender-role orientation and social expectations regarding female adolescents' coping with developmental tasks 1The preparation of this article was facilitated by a grant from the Swiss National Foundation for young researchers, financed by the local research committee of the University of Fribourg to the first author during her stay at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA. We are grateful to Susan B. Cleary for editing the English version of this article.

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regula P. Berger ◽  
Alexander Grob ◽  
August Flammer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Developmental Task ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
National Foundation ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
The University

This study focuses on the importance of social developmental expectations, assessed as emotional and cognitive evaluations regarding the timing and the gender-role conformity of normative developmental tasks. Two central questions were raised. First, to what degree do the timing and the gender-role conformity affect the adults' expectations? Second, how much does the adults' own gender-role orientation (GRO), classified as traditional vs. liberal, affect their expectations? A 4 (timing modus) × 2 (developmental task) × 2 (gender-role conformity)-factorial design was administered to a sample of 140 adults of both sexes, 20 to 81 years old. Coping in time and with gender-role typical career received the most approval. Typical developmental tasks were more approved by persons with a traditional than with a liberal GRO. However, the evaluation of non-typical developmental tasks was not affected by the GRO. The possibility of a shift in normative expectations toward more liberal, diverse, and self-defined female gender-roles is discussed.

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