scholarly journals THE THEORY ON THE STATE OF THE CHOSŎN RULING ELITES: HOW DID THEY PERCEIVE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THEMSELVES AND THE STATE?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Min Jung LEE
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Choson Dynasty ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
Joseon Dynasty ◽  
The Relationship

This paper argues that it is necessary to analyze the identity of the ruling elite in the Chosŏn Dynasty through the nobles munbŏl 문벌(門閥) using the ideological methodology. The identity of the ruling elite in the Joseon Dynasty should be considered in relation to the state. In the first part of this paper, we review the existing studies on the relationship between the ruling elite and the state in Korea. The first group gives a view that the ruling class has autonomy from the state and has an identity outside the country. The second group of the studies shows that the ruling autonomous governments have encroached on the private sector. The third group are studies showing that the ruling class of the Chosŏn Dynasty structurally could not escape the domination of the state. Each of these studies pointed out important points in characterizing the ruling elites of the Chosŏn dynasty, yet they had some limitations because they lacked an ideological consideration of what their identity is fundamentally from. The second part of the paper presents how to overcome these limitations by insisting that the identity of the ruling class should be examined in relation to the state at that time through the issue of civilization.

Prologue

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
City State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This prologue provides an overview of the history of early and medieval West Africa. During this period, the rise of Islam, the relationship of women to political power, the growth and influence of the domestically enslaved, and the invention and evolution of empire were all unfolding. In contrast to notions of an early Africa timeless and unchanging in its social and cultural categories and conventions, here was a western Savannah and Sahel that from the third/ninth through the tenth/sixteenth centuries witnessed political innovation as well as the evolution of such mutually constitutive categories as race, slavery, ethnicity, caste, and gendered notions of power. By the period's end, these categories assume significations not unlike their more contemporary connotations. All of these transformations were engaged with the apparatus of the state and its progression from the city-state to the empire. The transition consistently featured minimalist notions of governance replicated by successive dynasties, providing a continuity of structure as a mechanism of legitimization. Replication had its limits, however, and would ultimately prove inadequate in addressing unforeseen challenges.

Concluding Remarks to Part 3

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Preminger
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Sphere ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 15 summarizes the chapters which addressed the third sphere, the relationship of labor to the political community. It reiterates that since Israel was established, the labor market’s borders have become ever more porous, while the borders of the national (Jewish) political community have remained firm: the Jewish nationalism which guides government policy is as strong as ever. NGOs, drawing on a discourse of human rights, are able to assist some non-citizens but this discourse also resonates with the idea of individual responsibility: the State is no longer willing to support “non-productive” populations, who are now being shoehorned into a labor market which offers few opportunities for meaningful employment, and is saturated by cheaper labor intentionally imported by the State in response to powerful employer lobbies. These trends suggest a partial reorientation of organized labor’s “battlefront”, from a face-off with capital to an appeal to the public and state.

scholarly journals A LEI DE ARBITRAGEM NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Márcio Bonini Notari
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Power ◽  
The Social

<p><strong>RESUMO </strong></p><p>O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o projeto de Lei, em tramitação perante o Senado Federal, que altera alguns dispositivos da Lei 9.307/96, instituindo a possibilidade de aplicação da Lei de Arbitragem no âmbito da Administração Pública. No primeiro momento, será abordado o conflito, a partir da teoria marxista e sua concepção acerca do Estado e do direito, enquanto aparelhos ideológicos, repressivos e intermediários dos interesses das classes dominantes, reproduzindo a lógica do sistema capitalista de produção, no uso da violência simbólica para a resolução das celeumas sociais. No segundo instante, o trabalho irá tratar alguns fatores atinentes à crise do poder jurídico estatal na solução das demandas presentes no tecido social, verificando, em especial, alguns fatores decorrentes da cultura normativista predominante na formação do jurista e suas implicações quanto à forma litigiosa no tratamento das lides. No terceiro ponto, será abordado o novo projeto de Lei, em tramitação junto ao Senado Federal, que institui a aplicação do instituto da arbitragem, em se tratando de conflitos envolvendo a administração pública.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras chaves: Estado, direito, capitalismo, conflitos, arbitragem e administração pública</strong>.</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p> </p><p>His article aims to analyze the draft law, in progress in the Senate amending some provisions of Law 9,307 / 96, establishing the possibility of applying the Arbitration Law in Public Administration. At first, the conflict will be addressed, from the Marxist theory and his conception of the state and law, while ideological, repressive and intermediate the interests of the ruling class devices, reproducing the logic of the capitalist system of production, the use of violence symbolic for the resolution of social uproar. In the second moment, the work will address some factors relating to crisis of state legal power to solve the demands present in the social fabric, checking in particular some factors arising from normative culture predominant in the formation of the jurist and its implications for the way in litigation treatment of chores. On the third point, will address the new draft law, in proceedings before the Federal Senate, establishing the application of the concept of arbitration, in the case of conflicts involving public administration.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Key words: state, right, capitalism, conflicts, arbitration and public administration.</strong></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Crises of political development in Ukraine: causes and content

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-61
Author(s):  
Galyna Zelenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Low Efficiency

Crises of political development are inherent in countries transitioning from an authoritarian to a democratic regime. In contrast to political crises, crises of political development are inherent in transit societies. Usually they have much deeper and more fundamental reasons related to the quality of the authoritarian political regime, the nature of the transformational changes and are much longer lasting. Іn this article author analyzes the crises of political development that are manifested in Ukraine during the transformation of the political regime. The crises of political development include the crisis of identity, distribution, participation, penetration and legitimacy. The crisis of identity characterizes the disintegration of ideals and values that dominated in political culture of the previous period; the crisis of distribution lies in the inability of the ruling elite to ensure socially acceptable growth of material well-being and its distribution, which causes social stratification and is a constant source of socio-political conflicts; the crisis of penetration is conditioned in the reduced ability of public authorities to perform the functions inherent in the state, which complicates the implementation of reforms and governance; the crisis of participation is conditioned through the creation of artificial barriers by the ruling class for the inclusion in political life of groups claiming power or passivity of society, as a result of which unconventional forms of political participation begin to prevail; the crisis of legitimacy is conditioned in the low efficiency of the constitutional model of power organization and arises as a result of inconsistency of goals and values of the ruling regime with the ideas of the majority of citizens about the rules of just government. The combination of these crises creates a crisis syndrome of modernization and hinders the development of the state in general. In conclusions the author formulates the institutional tools which can reduce the negative effects of crises of political development. Key words: crisis of political development, crisis of identity, crisis of distribution, crisis of participation, crisis of penetration, crisis of legitimacy, financial-industrial groups, political institutionalization, political regime.

scholarly journals Formation of anti-corruption legal consciousness of state and municipal officials of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 11005
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kuzina ◽  
Inga Sagiryan ◽  
Gleb Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
State Control ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
Control Of Corruption ◽  
Moving Process

The article is devoted to the state of public legal consciousness of society as a whole, and one of its strata – the governing elite, state and municipal officials, regarding issues related to corruption in Russia. On the way of movement of the Russian state to the civilized principles of construction of modern society there are a lot of difficulties, which should be overcome both by the state power, and the Russian citizens. Such problems are: stereotypical thinking, traditionally forming a neutral and tolerant attitude of Russians to the manifestations of corruption; lack of strict state control of corruption actions of the ruling elite; resistance of the ruling class to the spread of international requirements for the state to fight against corruption, and so on. Bringing Russian anti-corruption legislation into requirements of compliance with the rule of law is a slow-moving process, but the need to improve it has become an urgent need not only for the Russian Federation, but also for the Supreme power.

Civil Society and Philanthropy in Africa: Parallels, Paradoxes and Promise

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402110574
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Obadare ◽  
Kelly Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Sector ◽  
The Relationship

Civil society and philanthropy in Africa are regularly theorized in formal terms and oft perceived as inherently democratizing forces. Yet, existing evidence exposes the limitations of these assumptions. This article provides an introduction to the symposium issue on civil society and philanthropy in Africa. The objective of the introduction, and the articles contained in the symposium, is to examine important questions related to civil society and philanthropy on the continent: What is the complex history and role of civil society and philanthropy in Africa? How have donor dependence and professionalization affected the effectiveness of the third sector? What are the contours of the relationship between the state and civil society? We ask these crucial questions in an attempt to provide a more nuanced and contextualized understanding of civil society and philanthropy on the continent.

‘Disguised slavery’: debt peonage in Chiapas, 1876–1914

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Washbrook
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Legislative Proposals ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Domestic Servitude ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Debt Peonage

This chapter analyzes the institution of debt peonage in Chiapas during the Porfiriato. The first section examines Porfirian debates regarding the relationship between debt peonage, slavery, and market development in Chiapas. The second section addresses the economics and economic rationality of debt peonage. The third section focuses on the legal foundations of rural peonage and domestic servitude in the state. The fourth section tackles the issue of coercion and consent and the ‘popular legitimacy’ of debt peonage. The final section looks at the issue of debt peonage in Chiapas after the resignation of President Díaz, comparing the legislative proposals of local politicians with those of the Constitutionalists who descended on the state in 1914, and underlining the significance of the institution during the years of Mexico's armed Revolution (1910–20).

Two Concepts of State in the Tanzimat Period: the Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane and the Hatt-ı Hümayun

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Butrus Abu-Manneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
The State ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Turkish Society

This article suggests dividing the Tanzimat period into two phases each run by a different elite. Phase one extended from 1839 to 1854 and phase two between 1855 and 1871 after which the Sublime Porte entered a few years of instability. The traditional ruling class left over from the period of Sultan Mahmud Ii controlled the state after him. Its major contribution was the promulgation of the Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane, the aim of which was to end absolute rule and restore justice in the government system. However failing to check the drift into the Crimean War this traditional ruling class lost power in favour of a new ruling elite whose members belonged to a lower-middle or lower classes, and who as such represented social mobility within Ottoman Turkish society.

scholarly journals ESCAVAÇÃO NA ÁREA ARQUEOLÓGICA DO SERIDÓ: O Sítio Furna do Umbuzeiro, Carnaúba dos Dantas, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Adriano Campelo ◽  
Diógenes Santos Saldanha ◽  
Fabio Mafra ◽  
Gabriela Martin ◽  
Henrique Roque Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Relationship

Este artigo descreve as intervenções arqueológicas realizadas na terceira escavação do sítio Furna do Umbuzeiro no ano de 2016. A relação entre o estado e a distribuição espacial das estruturas de combustão e dos remanescentes ósseos humanos e não humanos pode ser um indício da prática de canibalismo.EXCAVATION ON AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA OF SERIDÓ: Furna do Umbuzeiro Site, Carnaúba dos Dantas, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil ABSTRACTThis article describes the archaeological interventions carried out in the third excavation of the Furna do Umbuzeiro site in 2016. The relationship between the state and the spatial distribution of combustion structures and human and nonhuman bone remnants may be an indication of the practice of cannibalism.Keywords: Furna do Umbuzeiro; Archaeological interventions; Carnaúba dos Dantas

scholarly journals Scaling the State: Egypt in the Third Millennium BC

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Bussmann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Writing ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Local Models ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Third Millennium Bc ◽  
The Relationship

Discussions of the early Egyptian state suffer from a weak consideration of scale. Egyptian archaeologists derive their arguments primarily from evidence of court cemeteries, elite tombs, and monuments of royal display. The material informs the analysis of kingship, early writing, and administration but it remains obscure how the core of the early Pharaonic state was embedded in the territory it claimed to administer. This paper suggests that the relationship between centre and hinterland is key for scaling the Egyptian state of the Old Kingdom (ca. 2,700-2,200 BC). Initially, central administration imagines Egypt using models at variance with provincial practice. The end of the Old Kingdom demarcates not the collapse, but the beginning of a large-scale state characterized by the coalescence of central and local models.

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