scholarly journals Educational potential of critical life events from the point of view of biographical learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Skowrońska-Pućka

The article contains deliberations on the subject of adult learning as a result of breaking points in people’s lives. It is based on Fritz Schütze and Gerhard Riemann’s concept of the trajectory, trying to show the educational potential of critical life events. The paper constitutes an illustration about learning and biography. The analysis concerns an individual who experienced domestic violence, was separated from her family of origin by being placed in a care and educational institution, whose life was additionally complicated by teenage pregnancy and motherhood. The analysis of the narrative makes it possible to see two dimensions of the relationship between learning and biography – learning from the experiences we face during life and biographical learning (or learning from a biography).

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Mahtab Jafari

Each government consists of two dimensions: 1) a sructural dimension that involves policy- and decision-making bodies and, 2) a functional dimension that is a set of government institutions and administrations. Also, national authority in a country is an outcome of three components, including legitimacy, acceptance, and efficiency of its government. The authority of governments is not merely limited to their structural legitimacy and acceptance; but, their functional dimension and the performance of their administrations also play a crucial role in building and strengthening their legitimacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate how the administrative system of a government affects its national authority, with an emphasis on the Islamic point of view. To do so, this research has been carried out within the framework of theoretical research with practical purpose. The research method of the current study was descriptive-analytical. In the present study, the relationship between two variables – namely, “administrative system” and “national authority”– has been investigated within the framework of causal research. Due to the theoretical nature of this study, the resources used mostly include documents and library resources. The results of this study indicate that there is a direct and causal relationship between the national authority of governments (effect) and the performance of their administrative system (cause). Also, this relationship reveals how the administrative system affects national authority.


2020 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
D. I. Popenkova ◽  
A. A. Nikolaeva

The article is devoted to the issues of conflict interaction in the “pupil – teacher” system in an educational institution. The purpose of the article is to consider the voiced problem through the prism of a socio-pedagogical approach, taking into account not only the state of society, but also the educational potential of the family, as well as the structure of the class team and the personal age characteristics of schoolchildren. Special attention has been paid to the negative side of the conflict, which affects the weak psyche of the pupil, as well as the mental health of the teacher, which ultimately worsens the psychological comfort at school and interferes the educational process. It has been shown that in conflict situation teacher`s behavior in most cases relates to such types of response as “repressive measures” and “ignoring the conflict”. In conflict situations in the “pupil – teacher” system, teachers use external suppression, as well as apply sanctions. Conflicts in the “pupil – teacher” system from the point of view of age characteristics of schoolchildren have been considered. The article is intended for employees of educational organizations and those interested in conflict issues.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-192
Author(s):  
Marie Louise Stig Sørensen

The active and discursive nature of material culture is the subject of this paper. It will, however, be approached from the point of view of typology and in particular the debate about the 'Swedish Typology’ (Gräslund 1974). Typology is probably the archaeological method or theory through which the discipline has most explicitly stated its view on the nature of the archaeological object. Inspired by the idea of naturalised epistemology as the basis for understanding how knowledge is constructed within the sciences (as discussed by Thomas 1996: 194), it is here argued that what we do, as archaeologists, is of importance rather than the theorising about our actions. Through a discussion of typology as expressed in archaeological practice, this paper will propose that the relationship between the object and typology is much simpler and more complex than our habitual use of the concept tends to suggest. It is proposed that the creation of typologies reveals the quite decisive influence which the object has upon the archaeological constructions. Typologies, moreover, are intimately connected to prehistoric production strategies. It is the relationship between these two dimensions of typologies, that we must understand in order to fully realise their potentials and understand their roles in archaeological practice.


Author(s):  
Anna Kwiecień

It can be concluded that the value-creating effect relationships are very different in nature and can be dealt with at different levels. You can deal with them in a number of dimensions, which result from the different intentions of establishing a relationship, but you can make some generalizations and express it in two dimensions, as monetary and non-monetary benefits for the company. Reports from the point of view of monetary benefits include all kinds of financial flows and resource made by the buyers, and the costs associated with their service. The perception of the relationship from the perspective of non-cash benefits allows for the flow of knowledge and information. The basis of effective relationships is the ability of a network or the ability of the company to participate in partner relationships. It is the ability to initiate, maintain and use relationships with various external partners, including the arrangements, procedures and powers relating to the internal dimension. Having a network capacity can be regarded as a prerequisite for the effective operation of the market and create value.


LOGOS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mg. Víctor Hugo Pillaca Valdez

RESUMEN El propósito de esta investigación es estudiar la relación existente entre la calidad percibida y la calidad esperada desde las percepciones de los estudiantes en cuatro instituciones educativas de Huamanga, Ayacucho. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo correlacional y comparativo de medias con la finalidad de determinar, primero, si existía relación entre las variables. En  segundo lugar, verificar si se producían   diferencias significativas entre las mismas. El análisis correlacional nos permitió identificar procesos o patrones existentes en el mundo de las percepciones con respecto a la relación entre las variables; así como el análisis de diferencia de medias nos proporcionó evidencias de la evaluación general de la calidad del servicio educativo que se brinda en dichas instituciones. El estudio fue realizado a dos niveles: el general, considerando las cuatro instituciones educativas como grupo y el desagregado, por cada institución educativa. La muestra estuvo conformada por 339 estudiantes, correspondientes a cuatro instituciones educativas emblemáticas de la ciudad de Huamanga, Ayacucho. Los instrumentos de medición de las variables calidad percibida y calidad esperada, presentan una fuerte confiabilidad y cada uno de sus ítems muestra una alta consistencia interna. Descriptivamente, los resultados muestran que, para el 54% de los estudiantes encuestados, la calidad percibida es menor o igual que la media y para el 46% la calidad percibida es alta o muy alta. Respecto a la calidad esperada, el 27.2% espera una calidad baja o media, mientras que el 72.8% espera que sea alta o muy alta. En otras palabras, más de la mitad percibe una calidad baja o igual a la media y casi tres cuartas partes esperan una mejor calidad de la que están recibiendo. Por otro lado, en la evaluación de la calidad general del servicio (calidad percibida menos calidad esperada) se encuentra que para el 71% de estudiantes, la calidad es deficiente, ya que no llegan a percibirla como esperan, mientras que para el 29% la calidad es buena o excelente porque obtienen una calidad igual o que excede lo esperado. Desde el punto vista inferencial, se demuestra que existe una correlación moderada, positiva y significativa entre las variables calidad percibida y esperada. Sin embargo, al analizar dividiendo al grupo en valoraciones de la calidad percibida sobre y bajo la media, se encuentra que no existe correlación significativa entre las dos variables en el caso de estudiantes que valoran por debajo de la media. Por otro lado,  existe correlación positiva y significativa en el grupo de los alumnos que valoran por sobre la media. Este dato tiene enormes implicancias para los procesos de mejoramiento de la calidad. La diferencia de medias entre las variables es altamente significativa y con mayor valor hacia lo esperado que a lo percibido. Esto implica que la calidad del servicio educativo es significativamente deficiente.  ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to study the relationship between perceived quality and expected quality of student’s perceptions from four educational institutions of Huamanga, Ayacucho. Correlational descriptive analyses and comparison of means were applied with the aim to determine if there was any relationship or any significant differences between the variables. Correlational analyses allowed identifying the processes or patterns in the world of perceptions about the relationship between variables and analysis of mean difference provided us with evidence of the overall assessment of the quality of education that is offered in these educational institutions. The study was conducted at two levels: the studies of a general nature which considered the four educational institutions and the disaggregated study on each educational institution. The sample consisted of 339 students, corresponding to four emblematic educational institutions of Huamanga, Ayacucho. The perceived quality and expected quality variables measuring instruments have a strong reliability and each of its items shows high internal consistency. Descriptively, the results show that for the 54% of students surveyed,  the perceived quality is less than or equal to the average, and for the 46% perceived quality is high or higher than the  expected quality ,, the perceptions of the  27.2% of students  about quality service received is  from  low to medium, while the 72.8% expected to be high or very high. In other words, more than half students perceived a lower quality or equal to the average and almost three-quarters expect a better quality than the one they are receiving. On the other hand, the evaluation of the overall quality of service (perceived quality minus expected quality) shows that for the 71% of students, the quality is deficient because they don’t get to perceive the quality they expect, while for the 29% the quality is good or excellent because they get an equal quality or exceed expectations.From the inferential point of view, it shows there’s a moderate correlation, positive and significant relationship between perceived and expected quality variables. However, the analysis by dividing the group in perceived quality variable ratings above and below the average shows that there’s no significant correlation between the two variables in the case of students who value below average. Instead, there’s a positive and significant correlation in the group of students who value above average. This fact has enormous implications for the processes of quality improvement. The mean difference among the variables is highly significant and greater value to the expected than the perceived. This implies that the educational service quality is significantly deficient.


Author(s):  
Hind Mousa Al Hamadeen

The study aimed to shed light on the reality of technical and vocational education and training and its suitability for gender requirements from the students' point of view Salt; Balqa Governorate, Jordan, the descriptive analytical method was used through the questionnaire tool, and distributed to a random sample of (234) students In vocational schools, the vocational training center, and Al-Balqa Applied University, the results showed that the majors and programs offered are directed to males at a rate of (82.9%) compared to (17.1) for females, and that the reality of this education from the students ’point of view obtained a total average (3.88 out of 5), i.e. a (large) estimate and In terms of dimensions; the devices and infrastructure got the highest average (4.15), followed by the faculty with an average of (4.04), then after gender and societal view with an average of (3.94) and the fourth dimension is the curricula and study programs with an average of (3.82) and providing job opportunities with an average of (3.81) is the fifth dimension and the last dimension is the directions towards technical education with an average of (3.50), all of which are (large). The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between the sample responses according to the gender variable; whereas differences were found according to a variable according to the variable of the educational institution type (governmental, private) in two dimensions (devices and infrastructure, the teaching staff) and the differences were For the benefit of the special education category, and according to the variable of the type of educational institution (technical college, vocational training center, vocational school) in the two dimensions (devices and infrastructure, faculty) between a technical college and vocational and technical schools for a technical college. And between the vocational training center and vocational and technical schools for the benefit of the vocational training center, in light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals were presented, the most important of which are: Implementing programs and curricula that are gender-sensitive and gender-appropriate so that they meet the actual needs of labor markets and motivate women to work with them without discrimination, and, in addition to benefiting from developments and trends in developed countries in the world in the field of Technical and vocational education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 18023
Author(s):  
Valentina Kolmakova ◽  
Denis Shalkov ◽  
Olga Baryshnikova

Purposes of the work: 1) to reveal the educational potential of technical university educational space; 2) to consider the transfer mechanisms of cultural and historical experience from the point of view of the system-activity approach. Methodology. The educational potential of a technical university is revealed with the help of the methodological tools of social and psycho-pedagogical disciplines. Results. The article substantiates the need to present new requirements for the formation of an upbringing educational environment in a higher educational institution. The importance of creating favorable psychological and pedagogical conditions in the educational space of the university, influencing the creation of a model of a spiritual and moral personality. Reconstruction of such a model is possible with the interaction of the main psychological and physiological factors: intellectual, emotional-volitional, efficient-practical. Conclusions. Recommendations. The fundamental factor in the development of the emotional sphere of a modern student is upbringing activity of an educational institution, one of the main tasks of which is the formation of a system of continuous spiritual and moral development of the individual. The implementation of the main social functions within the framework of the system-activity approach in teaching and upbringing increases the social responsibility and civic activity of students.


GeroPsych ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Fankhauser ◽  
Birgit Wagner ◽  
Sandy Krammer ◽  
Mirjam Aeschbach ◽  
Alessandra Pepe ◽  
...  

This study investigates self-efficacy and motivation regulation as possible mediators of the relationship between social and interpersonal resources (i.e., social network, social support, social acknowledgment as a victim, and disclosure) and adjustment disorder (AJD) symptoms in a sample of 121 adults aged 65–97 years. AJD was conceptualized as a form of stress-response syndrome, core symptoms of which are intrusions, avoidance, and failure to adapt after having experienced a critical event. Motivational variables mediated the relationship between social acknowledgment and AJD symptoms. Contrary to expectations, motivational variables were not found to mediate the link between reluctance to disclose and AJD symptoms. This study casts new light on the psychological processes that enable older adults to adjust to critical life events and to exhibit resilience, which is important for successful aging.


1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Marchildon ◽  
Adel F. Antippa ◽  
Allen E. Everett

This is the first part of a two-paper series, in which we critically examine the various proposals that have been made for superluminal coordinate transformations. Here we consider the two-dimensional case. Starting from rather general assumptions, we show that the superluminal coordinate transformations in two dimensions are essentially uniquely determined. Different proposals for such transformations are then analyzed from the point of view of those assumptions. The relationship between the superluminal transformations and the discrete symmetries P (parity), T (time reversal), and PT is also discussed.


Author(s):  
Ольга Борисовна Шредер

В статье освещается опыт пенитенциарной системы Германии. Ее усилия по ресоциализации заключенных интерпретируются как миссия по вмешательству в развитие личности. Отмечается необходимость способствовать расширению традиционных средств воздействия на личность заключенного, в первую очередь в свете образовательных и терапевтических вмешательств. Предполагается, что изменение личности происходит при переходе на каждый из этапов жизни в связи с озабоченностью человека проблемами, возникающими в ходе его биографии в этот период. В связи с этим в первую очередь рассматриваются типичные задачи, с которыми сталкивается человек на протяжении всей его жизни, с учетом всех особенностей преступной личности, так называемые нормативные задачи развития. Кроме того, изучаются чрезвычайные, «критические» жизненные события, способные оказывать кардинальные изменения на личность. При этом отмечается, что специфический клиент в контексте тюремного заключения уже несет в себе повышенный риск таких критических жизненных событий. Проблемы изменения личности заключенного анализируются с точки зрения перспектив развития, в особенности в свете самостоятельно устанавливаемых ими жизненных целей. Таким образом, тюремная система как пространство, в котором должны происходить процессы изменений в личности заключенного, подвергается анализу, основанному на психологии развития. Предполагается, что психологический взгляд на пенитенциарную систему на практике может способствовать расширению возможностей успешной интервенции. Отмечается, что ресоциализированная личность заключенного должна явиться не столько результатом внешнего запроса общества, сколько его собственных личных устремлений и целей. The article highlights the experience of the German penal system. Its efforts to re-socialize prisoners are interpreted as a mission to interfere with personal development. There is a need to promote the expansion of traditional means of influencing the prisoner's personality, primarily in the light of educational and therapeutic interventions. It is assumed that a change in personality occurs during the transition to each of the stages of life in connection with the concern of a person with problems that arise in the course of his biography during this period. In this regard, first of all, we consider the typical tasks that a person faces throughout his life, taking into account all the features of a criminal personality, the so-called normative development tasks. In addition, we study extreme, "critical" life events that can have a dramatic change on the individual. It is noted that a specific client in the context of incarceration already carries an increased risk of such critical life events. The problems of changing the prisoner's personality are analyzed from the point of view of development prospects, especially in the light of their own life goals. Thus, the prison system as a space in which the processes of changes in the prisoner's personality should take place is analyzed based on developmental psychology. It is assumed that a psychological view of the penal system in practice can help to expand the possibilities of successful intervention. It is noted that the resocialized personality of a prisoner should be not so much the result of an external request from society, but rather his own personal aspirations and goals.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document