scholarly journals What Indian working class is saying about the COVID-19 pandemic: concerns and reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720-1738
Author(s):  
Samant Shant Priya ◽  
Sushil Kumar Dixit ◽  
Sajal Kabiraj ◽  
Meenu Shant Priya ◽  
Ashirwad Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Word Cloud ◽  
The Government ◽  
Visualization Techniques

This is an exploratory research highlighting the concerns and reactions of Indian working-class people towards the COVID-19. It was observed that most of the Indian working-class people were seriously concerned about the pandemic and responded well to the measures suggested by the Governments and other agencies in a big way. Most of the respondents believed the pandemic will be effectively controlled across the globe within one year. Word cloud and other data visualization techniques were used to analyze the reactions of the Indian working class towards the Central and State government’s initiatives to contain COVID-19. In the word cloud of the top 150 popular words for both central and state governments Lockdown, People and Government have taken the central stage. The word streaming analysis suggests the intense relationship among the most frequent words in the dataset. For the central government, it was social distancing and for state government, it was social distancing and relationship between central and state governments. The sentiment analysis for both central and state government was neutral, mostly. The researchers are of the view that the research will provide a deeper insight into human perception and behavior towards the measures initiated by the Central and State Governments in any similar difficult situations. Further the concerns identified may be taken into consideration by the Government while designing the policy measures and other interventions by the Government.

The Future of the American States

1936 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brooke Graves
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Federal System ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
American States ◽  
The People ◽  
The Future ◽  
The University

In any consideration of the future of the states, it is desirable at the outset to recall the circumstances of their development and of their entry into the Union. When the present Constitution was framed and adopted, the states were more than a century and a half old. At that time, and for many years thereafter, it was the states to which the people gave their primary allegiance. Under the Articles of Confederation, the strength of the states was so great that the central government was unable to function; when the Constitution was framed, the people were still greatly concerned about “states' rights.” This priority of the states in the federal system continued through the nineteenth century, down to the period of the Civil War; in the closing decades of that century, state government sank into the depths in an orgy of graft and corruption and inefficiency, which resulted in a wave of state constitutional restrictions, particularly upon legislative powers.At this time, when the prestige and efficiency of the state governments were at their lowest ebb, there began to appear ringing indictments of the whole state system. Most conspicuous of these were the well known writings of Professors John W. Burgess, of Columbia University, and Simon N. Patten, of the University of Pennsylvania.

Trends of centre–state relations in India under the neo-liberal regime

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Financial Strength

India had been envisioned as a federation by our Constitution makers, and so states were assigned some important subjects in which the centre could have no or only limited authority. Thus state governments run by opposition parties could pursue policies different from those of the Central Government in a number of ways. But since the onset of economic ‘liberalisation’ beginning with the late 1980s the financial strength and economic role of the state governments have been constantly undermined. This came, first, through the raising of interest rates to attract foreign finance capital, which created budgetary crises for the states since they fell under heavy debt simply to pay interest on existing debt. Neo-liberal policies were then imposed on them by Finance Commissions which made compliance with these compulsory for centre’s financial assistance. More recently the states’ powers have been further curtailed by the Goods and Services Tax, which has deprived the state government of the power to determine tax rates on goods produced within the states. Another means to the same end has been the centre’s trade agreements with foreign countries, with no reference made to states whose products thereby may be priced out of the market. The demonetisation of 2016, which impacted so destructively on employment and the cooperative sector in the states, was also undertaken by the centre without any reference to the states.

scholarly journals Pros and cons of gst

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
ARULRAJ S ◽  
KADIRVELU S
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

India is currently going through major reforms in its overall economic sectors.GST is one such kind of great reform. GST is unified indirect tax across the country on the Goods and Services. In the earlier system of Indirect Tax, the tax is levied at each stage separately by the Central Government and State Government at different rates, on the full value of goods as well as the services. But in this GST system, tax will be levied only the value added at each stage. So the government states that this GST is ―one India one Tax‖.This paper focuses on the concept, the benefits which the country will accrue from GST, the impact of GST on manufacturing, entertainment and Service Sectors.

scholarly journals Extent of Utilization of Various Government Tribal Development Schemes by Primitive Tribes Living in Biodiversity Zone of Nilgiri District in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Foumy N. Rafeeq ◽  
R. Rajasekaran
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government

Biodiversity hotspots have set up to protect at least 10 per cent of world's ecological regions in order to conserve biodiversity and safeguard many facilities provided by natural ecosystems. Biosphere Reserves are representative areas of natural and cultural landscapes that span a large area of agricultural, marine, or coastal ecosystems, or a combination of them, as well as representative bio-geographic domains or kingdoms. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve has richness and diversity, to protect it, the district has been declared as “Organic district” on July 2019. It is also the home to a wide range of human cultural diversity and especially the primitive and vulnerable tribes live in these areas. They are the designated tribal settlers identified by the government and these have their own religious believes, culture and traditions which is extremely different from others customs. They are called as "Adivasi" or "Aboriginals". So as to improve their life style and lead a better life like others, central government along with state government had bought several development schemes and plans under Ministry of tribal affairs. The Tribal Development Plan (TDP) was developed to proactively solve tribal issues and provide culturally compatible solutions, specifically considering indigenous people. The main objective of this study is the adoption level of government tribal development schemes and plans among the primitive tribes living in the biodiversity zone of Nilgiri biosphere. Thus the vulnerable and primitive tribal societies of like Toda, Kota, Kurumba, Paniya, Kattu naickan and Irular of Nilgiri district have been chosen for the investigation with the sample size of 120, in which 20 from each tribes have been chosen. Pre-tested and well-structured interview schedule have been made and thereby undergone survey. Thus it provided an overall picture about the level of adoption about various government tribal development schemes for their betterment and upliftment in among Nilgiri tribes.

scholarly journals Survey Minat Masyarakat Untuk Olahraga Rekreasi Bersepeda Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Kabupaten Demak

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Taufik Hidayat ◽  
Maftukin Hudah ◽  
Utvi Hinda Zhannisa
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
The Body ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
High Category ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
The Government

Central Java is one of the areas in Indonesia that is affected by the covid 19 virus. Therefore, the Central Java government also carries out instructions given by the central government to prevent the spread of the covid 19 virus. The government imposes social distancing and also Work From Home. However, what happens is that people in the Central Java region are looking for activities outside the home by cycling. This is also experienced by people in the Demak district. The problem taken in this study is how the public's interest in recreational sports cycling during the Covid 19 pandemic in Demak. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a survey method conducted online by distributing questionnaires via Google Form. The population in this study were bicycle users in the Demak area with a sample size of 100 people. The data analysis technique used percentage descriptive analysis. The results showed that the most dominant indicator was the indicator of attention with a score of 78% in the high category. The overall results in this study are 75% in the high category. This shows that people's interest in recreational sports during the Covid 19 pandemic is in the high category. The conclusion in this study is that people's interest in recreational sports cycling during the Covid 19 pandemic is in the high category with a percentage of 75% with an average score of 282. People with very high criteria are 24 people, high criteria are 73 people, and criteria are sufficient. as many as 3 people. The public believes that cycling is a suitable sport to do during a pandemic, during a pandemic, health is the thing that we must protect the most because the body is susceptible to viruses. By cycling we can still maintain the health protocols that have been implemented during this pandemic Keywords: public interest, recreational sports cycling, covid 19   Abstrak Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu daerah yang ada di Indonesia yang terdampak oleh virus covid 19. Oleh sebab itu pemerintah Jawa Tengah juga melakukan instruksi yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat untuk mencegah persebaran dari virus covid 19. Pemerintah memberlakukan social distancing dan juga Work From Home. Namun yang terjadi masyarakat diwilayah Jawa Tengah justru mencari aktifitas diluar rumah dengan bersepeda. Hal tersebut juga dialami oleh masyarakat dilingkungan kabupaten Demak. Permasalahan yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana minat masyarakat untuk olahraga rekreasi bersepeda pada masa pandemi covid 19 di Demak. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survey yang dilakukan secara online dengan menyebar angket melalui google form.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengguna sepeda diwilayah Demak dengan jumlah sampel 100 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator yang paling dominan adalah indikator perhatian dengan perolehan skor persentase 78% masuk pada kategori tinggi. Untuk hasil keseluruhan dalam penelitian ini adalah 75 % masuk pada kategori tinggi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa minat masyarakat untuk olahraga rekreasi pada masa pandemi covid 19 masuk dalam kategori tinggi. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah minat masyarakat untuk olahraga rekreasi bersepeda pada masa pandemi covid 19 masuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan pensentase 75% dengan perolehan skor rata-rata 282. Masyarakat dengan kriteria sangat tinggi sebanyak 24 orang, kriteria tinggi sebanyak 73 orang, dan kriteria cukup sebanyak 3 orang. Masyarakat berpendapat bahwa bersepeda merupakan olahraga yang cocok yang dilakukan pada masa pandemi, pada masa pandemi kesehatan merupakan hal yang harus paling kita jaga karena tubuh rentan terkena virus. Dengan bersepeda kita masih bisa menjaga protokol kesehatan yang telah diterapkan dimasa pandemi ini.                                                                                         Kata kunci: minat masyarakat, olahraga rekreasi bersepeda, covid 19

Public trust in state governments in India: Who are more confident and what makes them confident about the government?

2020 ◽  
pp. 205789111989876
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Bhanu Pratap ◽  
Archana Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
State Government ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
The State ◽  
State Governments ◽  
The Government

Public trust in government is crucial for good governance, encompassing economic and social development of the region in a representative democratic setup. This study uses India Human Development Survey (2004–2005 and 2011–2012) data to examine the changing pattern of household confidence in state governments in India. Using a logit model analysis, we examine how the level of household confidence in the state government changes with households’ socioeconomic status, personal experiences, and benefits received from government programs and direct social benefit schemes. We find that households with a low socioeconomic status (such as Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, and low-income and less educated households) are more likely to trust the state government. In addition, households that have had a positive experience or have received benefits from a government program and/or social scheme are more likely to exhibit high levels of trust in the state government. We also find that residents of less developed states are more likely to have high levels of trust in their state government than residents of highly developed states.

scholarly journals Can the Delhi Government’s ‘Mohalla’ clinic overcome its challenges and provide quality health services to the urban poor population?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Bhuwan KC ◽  
Pathiyil Ravi Shankar ◽  
Sunil Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

   The ‘Mohalla’ clinics were set up by the Delhi state (provincial) government in India in 2014 to provide basic health services to people of Delhi city and its vicinity, especially targeting the urban poor. The Mohalla clinics are staffed by a doctor, a nurse, a pharmacist and a laboratory technician and theyprovide basic health services including immunisation, family planning and counselling services. The Mohalla clinic program had a good start and its operation was cost-effective; however, it is still struggling to increase its coverage to entire Delhi state as it had planned. The program got caught up in the central government and state government bureaucratic tussle, especially on the issue of acquiring land for setting up such clinics and on the implementation front due to the lack of operational plan and collaboration with the government line agencies. Thus, despite political will and funding a potentially viable urban health programmay have got stuck in the operational procedural complexities and political-bureaucratic tussle. This commentary article tries to discuss the challenges faced by the Delhi government’s ‘Mohalla’ clinics and a possible way forward to scale it up as a model urban health program.

scholarly journals ATTITUDE TOWARDS TEACHER ELIGIBILITY TEST AMONG BED TRAINEES

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5(SE)) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
G. Sorna Lakshmi ◽  
M.Leonard Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Entrance Examination ◽  
State Governments ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Coimbatore District ◽  
The Government

Teacher Eligibility Test known as TET is an Indian entrance examination for teachers. The test is conducted by both Central government and State governments in India. The test is conducted in order to fulfill the achieve Right to education goals.  After passing the teacher eligibility test only teachers will be selected for the government services. Even most of the teachers are against teacher eligibility test. The present study will plan to know the views & attitude towards teacher eligibility test among the school teachers. Attitude is simply defined as views, opinions, ideas, feelings, fears, towards particular event.  This paper is an attempt to find the Attitude towards teacher eligibility test among BEd trainees. In the present study survey method was used. The investigator adopted the survey method to study the attitude of BEd trainees towards teacher eligibility test. Investigators selected only 300 BEd trainees as sample in Coimbatore district using stratified random sampling. The findings reveal that there is a moderate attitude towards teacher eligibility test among the selected BEd trainees in Coimbatore district.

Factor Influencing the Intention to Use E-Collection System in State-Owned Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulaiman Haruna ◽  
Normalini Md Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Acceptance Model

The absence of effective and adequate means of revenue generation as well as collection in Nigeria has necessitated the federal government to introduce and adopt Treasury Single Account (TSA) through the full implementation of e-payment and e-collection system. This has also obliged the state governments across the country to adopt the TSA system. The e-collection system is a computer-based revenue collection system designed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of revenue collection through electronic means in order to prevent fund shortages and cash leaks within the government sectors. In this chapter, technology acceptance model (TAM), computer self-efficacy, and subjective norm were adopted to examine the level of preparedness of accounting staff of state-owned tertiary institutions with respect to their intentions to use the e-collection system. It is expected that the findings of this study would be used by policymakers at the state government level to further support the efforts towards effective implementation of TSA in Nigerian tertiary institutions.

Value Added Tax and Fiscal Federalism in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-170
Author(s):  
Wollela Abehodie Yesegat ◽  
Richard Krever
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Design Feature ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Legal Form

Crucial to the success of any federal state is the fiscal viability of the central government and component federal states. A feature common to most federal systems is the collection of greater revenues by the central government and reliance by states on transfers from the central government in addition to locally imposed taxes to fund budget expenditures. As is the case in many other federal jurisdictions, in Ethiopia the value added tax (VAT), a tax levied on business sales but ultimately borne by consumers, is an important source of central government revenue. As is also the case in many federal jurisdictions, an assignment of a portion of central government VAT revenues to states is one of the main sources of transfer payments by the central government to state governments in Ethiopia. However, the Ethiopian version of fiscal federalism differs significantly from that found in most other jurisdictions in three key design features – the division between the central and state governments of responsibilities to administer the VAT, the basis on which VAT revenues are divided between the central government and the state governments, and a peculiar design feature that results in tax collections by one state government to be offset by tax reductions suffered by another state government. All three features are cause for concern. The division of administrative responsibility undermines the goal of comprehensive uniform tax administration. The basis for division of tax revenues, a distinction built on the legal form of businesses, leads to assignments of VAT revenue unrelated to fiscal needs. And, most importantly, the odd design feature – the assignment of revenues from the VAT, intended to be a tax on consumers, to the state in which the seller is located rather than the state of the buyer – results in effective cross subsidies when businesses located in wealthier states sell goods and services to businesses operating in poorer states. This article provides a history of the Ethiopian regime and explores how the unique features of the Ethiopian fiscal federalism system arose. It suggests a system that divides revenue on the basis of a fiscal equalisation formula that divides VAT revenues on the basis of relative budget needs of states or a system that allocates revenue to the state in which the customer is located would yield a fairer outcome than the current system. It concludes with modernisation of the tax administration coupled with the adoption of a fiscal equalisation formula for distributing VAT revenues and a generous transitional system for transition to this regime would yield the optimal path going forward.

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