scholarly journals Electrospinning – 100 Years of Investigations and Still Open Questions of Web Structure Estimination

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginija Kleivaitė ◽  
Rimvydas Milašius
Keyword(s):  
Process Development ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Product Introduction ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quality Of Structure

Abstract The article presents an overview of electrospinning process development from the first investigations in the field of behaviour of liquids in an electrostatic field to the electrospinning methods and investigations in the 21st century. The article presents the history of electrospinning process development, the main problems that are solved, and also indicates the gaps in the field of standardisation of nanofibrous web structure measurement and estimation. There are a lot of works in which authors analyse influences of various parameters on the electrospinning process or on the structure of electrospun web, whereas the majority of them do not analyse the quality of structure using mathematical criteria. Such a situation leads to different conclusions and makes it impossible to compare various works by different authors. Despite numerous studies in electrospinning, investigations in the electrospun nanofibrous web estimation are not sufficient. Until now, a unique standard method for measuring and estimating the fibre diameter and web porosity has not been developed. The necessity of such a method and standards is obvious, and the lack of such a standard could have a negative influence on the electrospun product introduction into the market.

scholarly journals Influence of Modified Cationic Starch in a Mixed Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Cationic Starch Solution on the Electrospinning Process and Web Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Jurgita Šateikė ◽  
Rimvydas Milašius
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Web Structure

AbstractNanofibers were electrospun from bicomponent poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and modified cationic starch (CS) mixed solution PVA/CS with different mass ratios (75/25, 50/50 and 35/65) at a total concentration of 12 wt% for all polymer compositions. For comparison, pure PVA solution was used. Electrospinning technique Nanospider (Elmarco, Czech Republic) with a rotating electrode with tines was used to obtain nanofibrous web. The influence of prepared polymer solution compositions on the structure and morphology of nanofibers and webs were investigated. Analyzing the structure and morphology of the formed nanofiber webs, it was noticed that the fineness nanofibers were formed from the PVA/CS solution with a mass ratio of 50/50. This ratio of solution also lets us to obtain the nanofibrous web with less sticked nanofibers on spunbond. The increase in the CS ratio by more than 50/50 had a negative influence on the diameter of nanofibers and the structure of nanofibrous web.

Implications of the Intergenerational Linking Functions for the Parental Selfdyad in the Treatment of a Narcissistic Adolescent

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Zeitner
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
History Of

In this paper the author presents a case of a narcissistic adolescent boy with crippling anxieties and multiple inhibitions, where the contributing intergenerational history of self-difficulties had infiltrated the parental couple's "selfdyad" in a way that could not be adequately contained. Having lost much of the capacity for the mutual selfobject relatedness that is required for a good enough selfdyad regulation, the parents' introjects were then split off and re-projected into their child. The author demonstrates a way of working in the treatment with the use of multiple psychoanalytic therapies, individual, couple, and family modalities. Furthermore, he elaborates a rationale for such a format, especially for those cases in which the intergenerational family projection-linking functions are especially salient and continue to exert a negative influence on the identified patient.

Kualitas Hidup Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru yang Mengalami Stigma Diri (Quality of Life Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients With Self Stigma))

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Yunita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Average Quality ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Life Score

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease that can bring about the sufferer's self-stigma and also affect his quality of life. A number of studies report that living with TB has a negative influence on the quality of life of sufferers even with or without self-stigma. The purpose of this study was to identify the quality of life of TB patients who experienced self-stigma. This research is a descriptive study, sample were 31 pulmonary TB patients. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Data analyzed by using frequency distribution and percentage. The researcher first screened TB patients who experienced self-stigma. The results showed that 25 people (80.64%) respondents experienced mild self-stigma. A total of 9 respondents (36%) had a quality of life score in the good category and as many as 16 respondents (64%) had enough category with an average quality of life score is 56.57. While respondents who had moderate self-stigma were 6 people (19.36%) with a good quality of life score was 1 person (16.67%) and enough category quality of life score were 5 people (83.33%) with an average quality of life score is 49.92.

Probiotics in gastroenterology – from a different angle

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Miklós Buzás
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Irritable Bowel

After a short overview of the history of probiotics, the author presents the development of human intestinal microflora based on the newest genetic data and the microbiological features of main probiotics. The indications of probiotic administration have been defined and extended in recent years. The author reviews significant results of probiotic treatment in some gastrointestinal diseases based on meta-analytical data. Probiotics are useful in preventing and treating diarrhoea caused by antibiotics and Clostridium difficile caused diarrhoea. In the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, preparations containing certain Lactobacillus,Bifidobacterium strains or Saccaromyces boulardii could enhance by 5–10% the rate of successful eradication and reduce the incidence and severity of the side effects. Some symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and thus the quality of life can be improved by probiotics. Their beneficial effect in ulcerative colitis was proven, while in Crohn’s disease has not yet been defined. The use of probiotics is not included in guidelines, with the exception of the Maastricht IV/Florence consensus. For each disease it is advisable to use probiotics containing strains only with proven beneficial effect. The efficiency of preparations containing mixed strains has not yet been properly investigated. The author reviews the rare but potentially serious side effects of probiotics. In Hungary, there are many probiotic preparations available which can be purchased in pharmacies without prescription: their use is more empirical than evidence-based. The European Food Safety Authority has recently rejected claims for probiotics to be classed as medicines given the lack of convincing evidence on the effects of probiotics on human health and well-being. Clearly, further research is needed to collect evidence which could be incorporated into the international guidelines. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 294–304.

EXPLORING HEALTHCARE ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE MEDIUM OF FILM: Motives and Techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Stephen Verderber
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Behavior Setting ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
History Of

The interdisciplinary field of person-environment relations has, from its origins, addressed the transactional relationship between human behavior and the built environment. This body of knowledge has been based upon qualitative and quantitative assessment of phenomena in the “real world.” This knowledge base has been instrumental in advancing the quality of real, physical environments globally at various scales of inquiry and with myriad user/client constituencies. By contrast, scant attention has been devoted to using simulation as a means to examine and represent person-environment transactions and how what is learned can be applied. The present discussion posits that press-competency theory, with related aspects drawn from functionalist-evolutionary theory, can together function to help us learn of how the medium of film can yield further insights to person-environment (P-E) transactions in the real world. Sampling, combined with extemporary behavior setting analysis, provide the basis for this analysis of healthcare settings as expressed throughout the history of cinema. This method can be of significant aid in examining P-E transactions across diverse historical periods, building types and places, healthcare and otherwise, otherwise logistically, geographically, or temporally unattainable in real time and space.

РАССКАЗЫ В.ШУКШИНА И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПЕРЕВОДА ИХ НА КЫРГЫЗСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Джээнбүбү Бегеева
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Stylistic Variation ◽  
Psychological Feature ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Problems Of Translation

Аннотация. В статье анализируется качество переводов рассказов В.Шукшина, осуществленных в середине 70-х годов С. Наматбаевым. Переводоведческий анализ вывил многочисленные стилевые расхождения между оригиналом и переводом. При переводе одного из лучших рассказов Шукшина «Чудик» искажения стиля не передали психологические тонкости рассказа. При переводе рассказа «Дядя Ермолай» философский аспект рассказа выпал, так как переводчик исказил жанровую специфику. Перевод рассказа «Два письма» оказался более качественным по сравнению с предыдущими. Переводчик рассказа «Два письма» сумел приблизиться к оригиналу, расшифровать его основную тональность, воспроизвести атмосферу напряженных поисков истины героем рассказа Николаем Иванычем. Этот перевод оказался более качественно выполненным по сравнению с предыдущим рассказом «Дядя Ермолай». Причину переводческого успеха можно объяснить, прежде всего, доступностью содержания рассказа, да и сам герой не столь сложная и глубокая личность, как повествователь в рассказе о дяде Ермолае. В целом, переводы С.Наматбаева являются своеобраз- ным этапом в переводческом деле. В настоящее время необходимо более полное и глубокое восприятие творчества В.Шукшина и создания новых адекватных переводов. Ключевые слова: качество переводов, стилевые расхождения, психологические тонкости, философский аспект, этапом. Аннотация. Макалада В.Шукшиндин аңгемелеринин кыргыз тилине которуудагы сапаты каралат, котормолор 1970-жылдары котормочу С.Наматбаев аркылуу жаралган. Котормонун сапатына талдоо жүргүзгөндө көпчүлүк каталар табылган, алардын эң олуттуусу стилдердин айырмасы, негизги чыгарма менен котормонун ортосунда. Мисалы, “Чудик” деген аңгеменин психологиялык мүнөздөмөсү жоголуп кеткен. “Ермолай байке” деген аңгемеде жанрдын туура эмес берилишинен жазуучунун негизги ою жоголуп кеткен. “Эки кат” деген аңгеме беркилерге караганда сапаттуу которулган. Котормочу " Эки кат" деген аңгемени оригиналга жакындатып которгон. Башкы каарман Николай Иванычтын изденүүлөрүн, ойлорун, чындыкты табууга аракеттерин Шукшинден кем эмес окуучуларга жеткирген. Котормочунун жетишкендиги аңгеменин түшүнүктүү мазмуну менен түшүндүрсө болот, жана Николай Ивановичтин жөнөкөйлүгү менен. С.Наматбаевдын котормолору каталарына карабастан котормочулук иште алдыга жылуу болгон. Бирок, азыркы заманда сапаттуу котормо жаратууда мезгил келди. Түйүндүү сөздөр: которуудагы сапаты, стилдердин айырмасы, психологиялык мүнөздөмөсү, негизги ою жоголуп. Annotation. The quality of translation of the Shukshins stories is analyzed in the Middle 70- years. By S.Namatbaev. The translation analysis had idenh hed numerous style discrepancies between the original and the translation. The psychological feature of the compasihion were not be hansfered by the translation one the bestand famous story by. V.Shukshin due to distorhion of the style. By the translation of the story “The uncle Ermolai” had full a phisichal aspect of the story, because the translator had distorted the genre specifics. The translation of the stories “Two letters” was wade more qualitative comparated with another stories. Generally, the Namatbaevs translation are a sui generis stage in the translatiobs. We need currently more total and profound perception of the creation by V.Shukshin. The create of the new adeavate translation is the main task. The head of the theory and history of Russian literature department. V. Shukshin’s stories and problems of translation them into Kyrgyz language. This article is analysed the quality of translation of V. Shukshin’s stories, which were written in 70 th with S. Namatbaev. Translation analyse deduced many stylistic variations between translated version and original. There is a misrepresentation, was not transmitted psychological subtleties of the story in translation of one of the best V. Shuk- shin’s story “Wierdo”. Metaphysical dimension is disappeared in translation of the story “Uncle Ermolai”, since translator destort the genre specificity. The translation of the story “Two letters” has been more qualitative in comparison with previous translations. In common, S. Namatbaev’s translation is a genius stage in translation. It needs more full and deep comprehension of S. Shukshin’s work and to establish new suitable translation. Key words: Quality of translation, stylistic variation, psychological subtleties, metaphysical dimension, stage.

Sustainability Failure in the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Secondary Care Hospital from Cuba: A Historical Review of 30 Years and 3 Shots

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Guanche Garcell ◽  
Juan José Pisonero Socias ◽  
Gilberto Pardo Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program ◽  
Continuous Quality ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

Background: During the last 30 years an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) was implemented in a facility with periods of weakness. We aim to describe the history of the sustainability failure in the local ASP. Methods: A historical review was conducted using original data from the facility library and papers published. An analysis of factors related to the failure was conducted based on the Doyle approach. Results: The first ASP was implemented from 1989 to 1996 based on the international experiences and contributes to the improvement in the quality of prescription, reduction of 52% in cost and in the incidence of nosocomial infection. The second program restarts in 2008 and decline in 2015, while the third program was guided by the Pan-American Health Organization from 2019. This program, in progress, is more comprehensive than previous ones and introduced as a novel measure the monitoring of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery. The factors related to the sustainability were considered including the availability of antimicrobials, the leader´s support, safety culture, and infrastructure. Conclusions: The history behind thirty years of experiences in antimicrobial stewardship programs has allowed us to identify the gaps that require proactive strategies and actions to achieve sustainability and continuous quality improvement.

Pseudo-Parkinson Disease Secondary to Ritonavir–Buspirone Interaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick G Clay ◽  
Molly M Adams
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Resting Tremor ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Drug Interaction ◽  
To Receive

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Parkinson-like symptoms appearing in a patient after introduction of ritonavir to buspirone therapy. CASE SUMMARY: A 54-year-old HIV-positive white man presented to the clinic with a 2-week history of ataxia, shuffling gait, cogwheel rigidity, resting tremor, and sad affect with masked features. This patient had been receiving high-dose buspirone (40 mg every morning and 30 mg every evening) for 2 years prior to the introduction of ritonavir/indinavir combination therapy (400 mg/400 mg twice daily) 6 weeks prior to initiation of the above symptoms. Buspirone was decreased to 15 mg 3 times daily, ritonavir/indinavir was discontinued, and amprenavir 1200 mg twice daily was added. The patient's symptoms began to subside after 1 week, with complete resolution after about 2 weeks. The patient continued to receive buspirone for an additional 12 months without recurrence of symptoms. DISCUSSION: This is the first reported interaction of buspirone and antiretrovirals. Buspirone, extensively metabolized by CYP3A4, was likely at supratherapeutic levels due to the inhibitory effect of ritonavir and, secondarily, indinavir. The Parkinson-like symptoms developed rapidly and severely, impacted this patient's quality of life, and necessitated significant clinic expenditures to identify this drug–drug interaction. CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates a severe drug–drug interaction between buspirone and ritonavir and further demonstrates the need for awareness of the metabolic profile for all agents an HIV-infected patient is receiving.

scholarly journals Estrogens and Progestogens in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Do They Harm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2506
Author(s):  
Mark van Barele ◽  
Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen ◽  
Yvonne V. Louwers ◽  
Mijntje B. Vastbinder ◽  
John W. M. Martens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) occur more frequently in younger women and do not express estrogen receptor (ER) nor progesterone receptor (PR), and are therefore often considered hormone-insensitive. Treatment of premenopausal TNBC patients almost always includes chemotherapy, which may lead to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and can severely impact quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is contraindicated for patients with a history of hormone-sensitive breast cancer, but the data on safety for TNBC patients is inconclusive, with a few randomized trials showing increased risk-ratios with wide confidence intervals for recurrence after HRT. Here, we review the literature on alternative pathways from the classical ER/PR. We find that for both estrogens and progestogens, potential alternatives exist for exerting their effects on TNBC, ranging from receptor conversion, to alternative receptors capable of binding estrogens, as well as paracrine pathways, such as RANK/RANKL, which can cause progestogens to indirectly stimulate growth and metastasis of TNBC. Finally, HRT may also influence other hormones, such as androgens, and their effects on TNBCs expressing androgen receptors (AR). Concluding, the assumption that TNBC is completely hormone-insensitive is incorrect. However, the direction of the effects of the alternative pathways is not always clear, and will need to be investigated further.

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