scholarly journals The dynamics of sex-age structure of the population in urban and rural areas in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the years 1991-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 87-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnara Nyussupova ◽  
Aisulu Kalimurzina
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract In this article we discuss and analyse changes in the sex-age structure of both the urban and the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan since independence (1991) and until 2013. Spatial analysis by age and sex was carried out for the urban and rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article focuses on the population of Astana and Almaty as cities of “republican subordination”. The aim of this article is to study and analyse the sex-age structure of the total population taking the urban and rural population from 1991 to 2013 separately. For comparison and analysis of statistical data in the dynamics, the data by sex and age of the urban and rural population for 1991, 2001 and 2011 were examined. Thus changes over 10 years are considered. The age groups for which the data were collected were based on differentiation of the population by economic status: pre-working (0-14 years), working (15-64), and post-working age (over 65 years).

scholarly journals MODERN DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA): PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
A.A. Pakhomov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Tumanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic ◽  
External Causes

The article explores the trends of rural development from the point of view of demography, the features of demographic processes occurring in rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The demographic situation in rural areas of the republic is more favorable compared to average Russia. Natural population growth is maintained. At the same time, it is necessary to note the significant impact of migration processes on the rural population. In the context of the main age groups, an increase in the proportion of people over working age was revealed, especially among rural women. The paper highlights the features of the processes of fertility and mortality in rural areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Thus, in contrast to the Russian Federation as a whole, the total fertility rate in the rural areas of Yakutia is characterized as having sustainable development. Alertness is caused by the excess mortality of men, especially from external causes in working age. The life expectancy of the rural population of the republic during the period under review remains lower than in urban areas, and also has gender differences.

scholarly journals Epidemiological analysis of the malignant tumors of the larynx in Belarus over 2000–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
I. D. Shlyaga ◽  
Zh. V. Kaliadzich ◽  
S. A. Ivanov ◽  
A. A. Yaumenenka
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Maximal Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
The Republic

Objective. To analyze basic medico-statistical indices of the morbidity rates of the malignant tumors of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. Data of the Belarusian Cancer Register on all detected cases of the malignant tumors of the larynx in the Republic of Belarus over 2000-2019 served as the material of the study. The following rates were studied: age standardized morbidity, gross intensive morbidity, morbidity separately in the general population and working age population, in urban and rural population, males and females. All epidemiological indices for the periods 2000-2005 and 2015-2019 in the country and across the regions of the Republic of Belarus were compared.Results. The age standardized morbidity rate in Belarus increased from 4.2 cases/year per 100,000 population in 2000 to 5.8 in 2019. The gross intensive morbidity rate increased from 5.5 to 7.3, respectively. An increase in the morbidity rate from 4.0 in 2000 to 4.3 in 2019 was noted in the working age population. The gross intensive morbidity rates in males were on average 33.9 times higher than in females, and in the urban population – 1.7 times lower than those in the rural population. The maximal increase in the morbidity rate was registered in the working age population of rural areas – by 60.3% during the monitored period. A statistically significant increase in the morbidity rate was noted in the city of Minsk. The morbidity rates registered in Minsk were statistically significantly lower than those in the republic. In other regions, there was no significant difference in the morbidity rates and growth dynamics from the indices in Belarus as a whole.Conclusion. Malignant tumors of the larynx are characterized by a slow increase of the morbidity rate for the last 20 years in Belarus. The observed epidemiological trends deter

scholarly journals Distribution by sex and age of patients with monogenic pathology and gender and age structure of urban and rural populations of North Ossetia

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Г.И. Ельчинова ◽  
З.К. Гетоева ◽  
М.Ю. Джаджиева ◽  
В.В. Кадышев ◽  
Н.В. Балинова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Stationary Type ◽  
North Ossetia

Влияние популяционно-генетической структуры на распространенность моногенной наследственной патологии неоднократно подтверждалось как отечественными, так и зарубежными исследователями. Целью данного исследования является изучение половозрастной структуры населения Северной Осетии-Алании в рамках комплексного генетико-эпидемиологического обследования населения и сравнение с полученными данными распределения половозрастных характеристик пациентов с наследственной патологией. На основании статистических данных на 1 января 2018 года стандартным образом проанализирована половозрастная структура населения Северной Осетии, 1054 пациента с подтвержденным диагнозом и типом наследования выявлены в 4 районах: Ардонском, Алагирском, Правобережном, Кировском. Составлены половозрастные пирамиды для городского и сельского населения Северной Осетии, имеющие форму колокола, между которыми не выявлено существенных различий. Наблюдается некоторое увеличение рождаемости в городском населении, связанное с оттоком молодежи в города из сельской местности. Дорепродуктивная часть не превышает четверти населения. Наблюдается преобладание женщин в старших возрастных группах. Соотношение мужчин и женщин 1:1,19 в городском населении, 1:1,11 - в сельском, в разных возрастных когортах это соотношение различно. Коэффициент старения 17,2%. Коэффициент демографической нагрузки 39,4%. Доля детей и лиц старшего возраста практически совпадает. Половозрастная структура Северной Осетии характеризуется стационарным типом и старым населением с практически простым характером воспроизводства. Среди пациентов с наследственной патологией наблюдаются иные характеристики половозрастной структуры, во всех возрастных когортах численность мужчин превышает численность женщин. The influence of population-genetic structure on the prevalence of monogenic and multifactorial pathology is no longer in doubt. The purpose of this study is to study the gender and age structure of the population of North Ossetia-Alania in the framework of a comprehensive genetic and epidemiological survey of the population and comparison with the obtained data of distribution of gender and age characteristics of patients with hereditary pathology. On the basis of statistical data as of January 1, 2018, the gender and age structure of North Ossetia population is analyzed by a standard method, 1054 patients with confirmed diagnosis and type of inheritance were identified in 4 districts: Ardonsky, Alagirsky, Pravoberezhny, Kirovsky. Gender and age pyramids for the urban and rural population of North Ossetia, having the form of a bell, between which no significant differences were revealed, were compiled. There has been a slight increase in fertility in the urban population, due to the outflow of young people to the cities from rural areas. The reproductive part does not exceed a quarter of the population. There is a predominance of women in older age groups. The ratio of males to females is 1:1.19 in the urban population, 1:1.11 in the rural population, the ratio is different in different age cohorts. Aging rate 17.2%. The demographic burden ratio is 39.4%. The proportion of children and older persons is almost the same. It is shown that the gender-age structure of North Ossetia is characterized by a stationary type and an old population with a practically simple reproduction character. Among patients with hereditary pathology, other characteristics of the gender and age structure are observed. in all age cohorts, the number of men exceeds the number of women.

scholarly journals Trends in overweight by socio-economic status in Vietnam: 1992 to 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Shirley AA Beresford ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo explore socio-economic factors associated with rising rates of overweight among Vietnamese adults.DesignThe study was based on three national surveys of socio-economic factors and health conducted over a 10-year period. The studies were: the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1992–1993 (11 982 participants); the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1997–1998 (15 975 participants); and the Vietnamese National Health Survey 2001–2002 (94 656 participants).SubjectsMale and female adults >18 years old were stratified by gender, age group, area of residence, occupation, education and relative food expenditures. Overweight was defined using body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg m− 2.ResultsOverweight rates in Vietnam more than doubled between 1992 and 2002 (from 2.0 to 5.7%). Significant increases were observed for men and women, in urban and rural areas, and for all age groups. In univariate analyses, both age and higher socio-economic status were associated with higher rates of overweight. Using the most recent survey, urban populations were more likely to be overweight than rural ones (odds ratio (OR) = 1.79), white-collar workers were more likely to be overweight than manual labourers (OR = 1.95) and persons in the top level of food expenditures were more likely to be overweight than persons in the bottom level (OR = 4.96) after adjustment for other factors. Education was inversely associated with overweight after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionEconomic growth and improved standard of living are associated with higher rates of overweight in nations in early stages of economic development. In Vietnam, higher rates of overweight were observed among the higher income and occupation groups.

Aging of rural population in Yugoslavia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 73-92
Author(s):  
Jelena Antonovic
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Rural And Urban

Mass migration to urban areas constitutes the basic direct factor of the decline in rural population of Yugoslavia in the second half of the 20th century. Due to the characteristic migration patterns by age and sex, they have had a substantial impact on the change in age structure of rural population towards rapid demographic ageing. By inducing decline in fertility and an increase in mortality, the newly formed age structure is increasingly becoming one of the basic factors to further decline in population, or even the major factor to rural depopulation in the majority of regions. The paper analyzes changes in age structure of rural population in the FR of Yugoslavia and across its republics and provinces during the period from 1961 to 1991. The conditions prevailing during the last census (1991) are particularly highlighted. The author points to distinct differences in ageing of urban versus rural populations, and considerable regional differences at the achieved level of demographic age. Based on the main demographic age indicators (the share of five-year and larger age groups, average age, ageing index and movement in major age-specific contingents), the author concludes that the process of population ageing had taken place in both rural and urban populations, but was more intensive in villages (higher share of the aged, higher index of ageing and higher average age) during the period under review. The author points to distinct ageing of rural population in all republics and provinces. It was most prominent in central Serbia and Vojvodina, while being quite slow in Kosovo and Metohia and recorded mainly in between the last two censuses (1981-1991). Likewise, Kosovo and Metohia constitute the only major region of Yugoslavia in which rural population in 1991 is still demographically younger than the population in urban settlements. Rural versus urban population ageing was much more intensive in other major regions of the country, both from the base and from the apex of the age pyramid. In view of the minimal differences in fertility and mortality levels by type of settlement (particularly in central Serbia and Vojvodina), the author argues that the inherited age structure constitutes the main cause of rapid acceleration in rural population ageing in low fertility regions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of ovarian cancer in Kazakhstan (2013-2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
E. K. Kukubasov ◽  
A. R. Satanova ◽  
R. O. Bolatbekova ◽  
D. B. Kaldibekov ◽  
А. А. Kurmanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Working Age ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Republic

Relevance: According to Globocan 2018, ovarian cancer (OC) ranks 18th among all other cancers affecting women around the world. More than 295,414 new cases of OC were reported only in 2018. The incidence is low in Western Europe and is high in Latvia, Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Russia, and Kazakhstan. In 2018, ovarian malignancies ranked 8th (3.1%) in Kazakhstan among all malignant tumors. At that, there are no clearly recognized preventative measures to ensure the early detection of OC. 70% of ovarian malignancies are detected at stage III-IV. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis and assessment of the dynamics of the prevalence of OC in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2013-2018. Results: The analysis of age-related OC incidence in Kazakhstan showed the presence of ovarian malignancies in all age groups, with a marked increase by the age of 65-69 years. The majority of patients were women of the working age. Differences were found in the incidence rates by regions of the country. In the study period, the incidence was high in Qostanai, Pavlodar, and North Kazakhstan regions (northern part of the country) and Almaty. The incidence was below the national average in Atyrau, Jambyl, and South Kazakhstan regions (southern and western parts of the country). Recent years have witnessed a sharp increase in OC incidence in East Kazakhstan and Karaganda regions. Conclusion: The analysis of OC prevalence in the Republic of Kazakhstan and by regions showed an increase in OC incidence. There is a marked increase in OC detection in the northern areas of the country and a decrease in the number of cases in the south.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF PREMATURE EJACULATION AND ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AND THEIR ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG URBAN AND RURAL POPULATION OF MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Samsuri ◽  
Shamsul Azhar Shah ◽  
Nazarudin Safian ◽  
Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with of Premature Ejaculation &Erectile Dysfunctionamong Malaysian men. A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas using standardized and validated self-administered questionnaires. A total of 319 samples were recruited for PE screening. The overall prevalence of PE was 31.7% with 20.7% and 40.8% for urban and rural area respectively. Depression, anxiety and frequent masturbation were significantly associated with PE. While For ED, infrequent sexual intercourse was the sole factor significantly associated with ED.PE and ED were highly prevalent in both urban and rural areas; with several significant preventable associated factors.

scholarly journals Spatial shrinking and polarization of rural space in the Republic of Tatarstan in the context of population depopulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
D.O. Egorov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Administrative Center

The article analyzes the directions and intensity of rural population depopulation from the standpoint of its influence on the transformation of settlement in the Republic of Tatarstan from the 1970s to the present. Three periods of changes in the distribution of the rural population were identified: soviet (1970–1991), de-urbanization (1991–2000) and suburbanization (weakly expressed in the 2000s and clearly pronounced since the 2010s). The first period under consideration fell on the peak of the decline in the rural population, but the pole near the regional center depopulated less intensively than the distant periphery. The de-urbanization period did not have clear territorial trends in changes in the number of inhabitants. In the 2010s. There is a steady increase in the population in the areas of neighbors of the largest cities of the republic. A more detailed study showed that this increase is largely associated with the settlement of urban-type residential complexes. 1970 to 2019 the share of rural residents living in areas bordering the city of Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny increased from 15.1 to 25%. Similar polarization processes are taking place at the municipal level. The period considered from 2002 to 2019 showed the process of increasing the share of the population of the administrative center from the total population of the district. In more than half of the cases, this process took place due to population growth in the centers of municipalities and the decline of the rest of the population. The population in other municipalities decreased in the administrative centers less intensively than outside them.

scholarly journals Using RFLP-PCR Technique in Determining Genotypes of Giardia lamblia from Diarrhea Cases in Children in AL-Diwaniyah City, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Hadi M. Hamza AL-Mayali ◽  
Lubna Abdul-Kadir AL-Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Child Hospital ◽  
Genotype A

Introduction: Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevalent intestinal protozoa in the world, which affect children in both undeveloped and developing countries. This study aimed to determine genotypes of the Giardia lamblia using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-PCR techniques. Additionally, the relationship between genotype patterns and their geographical distribution, gender, and age was investigated. Methods: The current study included 926 samples of faeces of children suffering from diarrhoea, who visits the internal clinics at Teaching Hospital, and Child Hospital in AL- Diwaniyah City from November 2012 - Jun 2013. For age groups of 1-12 years exclusively. The samples were examined using a direct mount wet smear, The positive samples were preserved without adding preservatives at a temperature of -20°C until the DNA extraction for G. lamblia genotyping by using PCR and RFLP-PCR technique. Results: Giardia lamblia was detected in 2.15% (20/926) of samples from diarrhea cases in children by amplification of glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) using two specific primers GDHiR and GDHiF. It was revealed that 7 samples belonged to genotype A (35%) and 13 samples belonged to genotype B (65%). All genotype A samples belonged to subgenotype AII (100%), while genotype B samples belonged to subgenotypes BIII (53.61 %) and BIV (47.38 %). Genotype A was detected in children of 1-6 years of age while B genotype was detected in all age groups. Both of the genotypes have been detected in both genders (male and female) and genotype B was found in both urban and rural areas; however, its prevalence was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (100% and 30%, respectively). Conclusion: There are two genotypes of Giardia lamblia, genotype A and genotype B, each of which has secondary genetic patterns which include AII, BIII, and BIV.

scholarly journals Micro Finance in Manipur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Robita S
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Self Reliance

Manipur lives in villages. The rural population contributes to about 76.12% of the total population. Enhancement in the quality of life of the economically weaker section of the society has been one of the basic objectives of development planning of the State. Rural development, by empowering the rural masses through economic self-reliance, is one of the priority areas of the Central and State Govts. To bring about development in rural areas, the govts. and banks/financial institutions have formulated various programmes and schemes. Micro Finance is one such scheme adopted for the development of rural people.

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