Clinical analyses of 383 cases with maternal cardiac diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Aydin ◽  
Ozgur Ozyuncu ◽  
Dila Kasapoglu ◽  
Gokcen Orgul ◽  
Necla Ozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
World Health ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Eisenmenger’S Syndrome ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of women with heart disease. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, 383 pregnant women with cardiac diseases were examined. The cases were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The distribution of the cases according to class, congenital heart diseases, mean birthweight, mean gestational week at delivery, type of delivery [cesarean section (CS) or vaginal delivery], and cardivascular events (during pregnancy and puerperium) were evaluated. Results: Of the 383 patients, 25 were in Class I; 39, Class II; 255, Class II or III; 31, Class III; and 33, Class IV cardiac diseases. The neonatal birth weights were significantly lower in Class III than in Classes II, and II or III. The preterm delivery rate was higher in Class III than in the other classes. Delivery was performed by CS due to cardiac indications in the high-risk classes, however, only obstetric indications were considered in the low-risk classes. Only one case of maternal death occurred during the postpartum period, in a patient with Eisenmenger’s syndrome. Discussion: Cardiovascular diseases are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnancy. The adverse impact of cardiovascular disorders on pregnancy outcomes should be the main concern during the management of these women.

scholarly journals Newborns at risk of Covid-19 ― lessons from the last year

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika D. Shah ◽  
Ola Didrik Saugstad
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract After more than 1 year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a great deal of knowledge on how this virus affects pregnant women, the fetus and the newborn has accumulated. The gap between different guidelines how to handle newborn infants during this pandemic has been minimized, and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)’s recommendations are now more in accordance with those of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize present knowledge regarding transmission from mother to the fetus/newborn. Although both vertical and horizontal transmission are rare, SARS-CoV-2 positivity is associated with an increased risk of premature delivery and higher neonatal mortality and morbidity. Mode of delivery and cord clamping routines should not be affected by the mother’s SARS-CoV-2 status. Skin to skin contact, rooming in and breastfeeding are recommended with necessary hygiene precautions. Antibodies of infected or vaccinated women seem to cross both the placenta and into breast milk and likely provide protection for the newborn.

scholarly journals The UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT); Pregnancy Outcomes and Health Behaviours by Obesity Class

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4712
Author(s):  
Lucy Peacock ◽  
Paul T. Seed ◽  
Kathryn V. Dalrymple ◽  
Sara L. White ◽  
Lucilla Poston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Class I ◽  
World Health ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Obesity Class ◽  
The Uk

The effectiveness of antenatal intervention in women with increasing obesity is unknown. This study investigated whether there was a differential effect of antenatal intervention on diet, physical activity and pregnancy outcomes in women stratified by obesity class using data from the UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT) (n = 1555). The stratification was by World Health Organization classifications: Class I, II and III (30–34.9 kg/m2, 35–39.9 kg/m2 and ≥40 kg/m2). Using linear and logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, outcomes were assessed post-intervention (27+0–28+6 weeks’ gestation) and in late pregnancy (34+0–36+0 weeks’ gestation). Interactions between obesity class and the intervention were explored. Compared to the standard care arm, class III intervention women had lower gestational weight gain (GWG) (−1.87 kg; 95% CI −3.29 to −0.47, p = 0.009), and the effect of the intervention was greater in class III compared to class I, by −2.01 kg (95% CI −3.45 to −0.57, p = 0.006). Class I and II intervention women reported significantly lower dietary glycaemic load and saturated fat intake across their pregnancy. This differential effect of the intervention suggests antenatal interventions for women with obesity should stratify outcomes by obesity severity. This would inform evidence-based antenatal strategies for high-risk groups, including women with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2.

scholarly journals Fighting Strategies Against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic: Impact on Global Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bapi Gorain ◽  
Hira Choudhury ◽  
Nagashekhara Molugulu ◽  
Rajani B. Athawale ◽  
Prashant Kesharwani
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Sudden outbreak of a new pathogen in numbers of pneumonic patients in Wuhan province during December 2019 has threatened the world population within a short period of its occurrence. This respiratory tract–isolated pathogen was initially named as novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-2019), but later termed as SARS-CoV-2. The rapid spreading of this infectious disease received the label of pandemic by the World Health Organization within 4 months of its occurrence, which still seeks continuous attention of the researchers to prevent the spread and for cure of the infected patients. The propagation of the disease has been recorded in 215 countries, with more than 25.5 million cases and a death toll of more than 0.85 million. Several measures are taken to control the disease transmission, and researchers are actively engaged in finding suitable therapeutics to effectively control the disease to minimize the mortality and morbidity rates. Several existing potential candidates were explored in the prevention and treatment of worsening condition of COVID-19 patients; however, none of the formulation has been approved for the treatment but used under medical supervision. In this article, a focus has been made to highlight on current epidemiology on the COVID-19 infection, clinical features, diagnosis, and transmission, with special emphasis on treatment measures of the disease at different stages of clinical research and the global economic influence due to this pandemic situation. Progress in the development on vaccine against COVID-19 has also been explored as important measures to immunize people. Moreover, this article is expected to provide information to the researchers, who are constantly combating in the management against this outbreak.

scholarly journals Case of severe head trauma caused by a car accident

2021 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
World Health ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Common System ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Health Organization

According to the literature, the term “poly-trauma” was first used by Tscherne et.al, in 1966 for patients who demonstrated a combination of at least two “severe head, chest or abdominal injuries” or “one of them in association with an extremity injury. Trauma, despite all efforts to control its impact, is now a recurrent cause of high incidence of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Studies show that road traffic injuries are currently the leading cause of death among people aged between 1 and 45-years old. Only 21 countries in the WHO (World Health Organization), European Region have implemented legislative changes regulating drink-driving, with blood alcohol test limits varying between ≤0.02 g/dl and ≤0.05 g/dl. INTRODUCTION: It is well known that poly-trauma is a challenge for the clinician, regardless of specialization. In this regard, we wanted to present this case to raise an alarm on the approach to poly-trauma, which involves, in addition to the pre-hospital, hospital and follow-up stages, the follow-up of victims after discharge, in an attempt to identify possible causes of death and their prevention. CASE PRESENTATION: In this clinical case, we present the outcome of a 44-year-old patient who presented to the emergency room with multiple trauma injuries resulting from a road traffic accident. During her admission to the neurosurgery department of the Emergency “Sfântul Apostol Andrei”, Clinical Hospital of Galati, the patient underwent numerous clinical and imaging investigations, which provided findings statistically associated with increased mortality and morbidity rates. CONCLUSION: The management of patients presenting with poly-trauma is continuous, dynamic and extremely challenging in terms of the staff involved, the multidisciplinary team that will monitor the patient’s progress. All this is a goal that can only be achieved through good interdisciplinary and inter-hospital communication, providing standards of care and quality-oriented cooperation, increasing efficiency through the use of existing resources, regulating the financial aspects of inter-hospital transfers, cooperating in a common system of continuous training.

scholarly journals Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease at tertiary level hospital of Uttarakhand

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3338
Author(s):  
Priyanka Chaudhari ◽  
Vineeta Gupta ◽  
Nidhi Kumari ◽  
Archna Tandon ◽  
Nimisha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Common Cause

Background: Cardiac disease is the most common cause of indirect maternal deaths and most common cause of death overall. It complicates 1% of all maternal deaths. The maternal and neonatal risks associated with pregnancy in women with cardiac disease receiving comprehensive prenatal care have not been well defined. Objective of present study was to evaluate the burden of cardiac diseases in pregnancy in our hospital, their clinical presentation, type of cardiac lesion, associated complications, maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Obstetrics and gynecology department at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of medical and health sciences, Dehradun from January- 2013 to December-2015. All patients with cardiac diseases during pregnancy or developed during postpartum period were included in the study. Detailed Demographic profile of patients, mode of delivery, perinatal outcome, associated antenatal, intranatal and postnatal complications were analyzed in detail.Results: There were 37 patients with cardiac disease during pregnancy in our study period. Out of these 32.4% were diagnosed during current pregnancy. Rheumatic heart diseases were seen in 54.05% patients and congenital heart disease seen in 35.1%. out of these 81.1% patients belonged to NYHA class I and II and 18.9% patients in class III & IV. Majority of patients (78.3%) had vaginal delivery. We observed 5.4% maternal mortality and 2.7% of neonatal mortality rate.Conclusions: Pregnancy in women with heart disease is associated with significant cardiac and neonatal complications. Multidisciplinary approach involving cardiologist, obstetrician and neonatologist improves fetomaternal outcome.

scholarly journals Description Of Depression Rates In Drug Case Inmates In Class II A Bulukumba Correctional Institution

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Magfirah Ichlasul Amalia ◽  
Nurlina ◽  
Safruddin
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
The World ◽  
Depression Disorders ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Reduced Activity

Depression is an affective disorder, which is generally characterized by loss of interest or excitement, reduced energy so that it is easily tired and reduced activity. Depression can occur in anyone and at any period. Depression disorders have increased from year to year this is supported by data, the World Health Organization WHO which states depression is a common disease that occurs in the world, there are about 264 million people who suffer from depression that increases from year to year about 76-85%. The goal is to identify the level of depression in drug inmates in The Correctional Institution Class II A Bulukumba Method used in this study is a descriptive design, which aims to get an overview of the level of depression in drug case inmates in The Correctional Institution Class II A Bulukumba. The affordable population in this study was inmates with drug cases, as many as 141 drug case inmates in the correctional institution Kls II A Bulukumba. The large sample in this study was 85 people. The researchers found results from 85 respondents (100%) obtained results for the highest depressed proposri is mild depression with the number of 55 (64.7%), while the lowest respondents who do not megalami depression with the number of 14 (16.5%). The conclusion of this study is that there is a picture of the level of depression of drug case inmates in the correctional institution class II A Bulukumba. And researchers suggest that the results of this study can be used as a material to increase insights in the field of research as well as increase knowledge about depression and drug cases at the Correctional Institution Class II A Bulukumba.

scholarly journals Economic impact of ischemic heart diseases in Brazil: comparison through the input-output matrix to the years 2006 and 2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (111) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Ledur Paz Cezar ◽  
Everlam Elias Montibeler ◽  
Daniel Rodrigues Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ischemic Heart Diseases ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Leontief Inverse ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article was to measure the impacts caused by Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHD) on Brazilian GDP in 2006 and 2014. The effects of IHD were assessed by applying shocks applied to 56 sectors, in current values of the impact on income. The method used included information on the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) through the study of Global Illness Burden; and Leontief Inverse. The results showed that the direct impacts of the IHD on GDP in 2006 were approximately US$ 166 million and US$ 362 million in 2014, and direct and indirect impacts were US$ 800 million in 2006 and US$ 1.3 billion in 2014. The total economic impact exceeded those of US$ 919 million in 2006 and US$ 1.7 billion in 2014.

scholarly journals Mortality Cause in Goldsmith Workers of Bangladesh: Findings From Verbal Autopsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Afroz Khan ◽  
Md. Khalequzzaman ◽  
Mohammad Tanvir Islam ◽  
Ataur Rahman ◽  
Shahrin Emdad Rayna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: Information on the mortality causes of goldsmith workers in Bangladesh is very limited. This study was conducted to find out the causes of death in this group of population.Methods: The study subject was deceased goldsmith workers where face-to-face interviews were conducted with the family members who were present during the deceased's illness preceding death. A World Health Organization recommended questionnaire was adapted to conduct 20 deceased goldsmith workers' verbal autopsy. Causes of death were determined by reviewing the outcomes of the interviews by the expert physicians.Results: The mean age of the goldsmith workers at death was 59.2 ± 9.3 years. Among the deceased goldsmith workers, 70.0% were smokers, and 50.0% of them were alcohol consumers. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the most common immediate and underlying cause of death (55.0% and 45.0%, respectively). Acute ischemic heart disease was the single most common (30.0%) immediate cause of death among the deceased goldsmith workers, whereas, for underlying causes of death, it was both acute and chronic ischemic heart diseases (35.0%).Conclusions: The life expectancy of goldsmith workers was much lower than the average life expectancy of Bangladesh, where CVD was the common cause of death. Smoking and alcohol consumption were prevalent among the majority of the deceased goldsmith workers. Awareness of healthy lifestyles should be prioritized for a successful CVD control program for this population. Trial registration: Not applicable.

scholarly journals High infectious disease burden as a basis for the observed high frequency of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi ◽  
Augustina Frimpong ◽  
Frederica Dedo Partey ◽  
Helena Lamptey ◽  
Linda Eva Amoah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Organization

Following the coronavirus outbreaks described as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, the world has again been challenged by yet another corona virus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infections were first detected in a Chinese Province in December 2019 and then declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. An infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 may result in asymptomatic, uncomplicated or fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fatal disease has been linked with the uncontrolled “cytokine storm” manifesting with complications mostly in people with underlying cardiovascular and pulmonary disease conditions. The severity of COVID-19 disease and the associated mortality has been disproportionately lower in Africa and Asia in comparison to Europe and North America in terms of number of cases and deaths. While persons of colour who live in Europe and North America have been identified as a highly susceptible population due to a combination of several socioeconomic factors and poor access to quality healthcare, this has not been the case in sub-Saharan Africa where inhabitants are even more deprived concerning the said factors. On the contrary, sub-Saharan Africa has recorded the lowest levels of mortality and morbidity associated with the disease, and an overwhelming proportion of infections are asymptomatic. This review discusses the most probable reasons for the significantly fewer cases of severe COVID-19 disease and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Why there are and will be less deaths in India due to COVID-19: an insight

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3301
Author(s):  
Chincholikar Sanjeev Vasantrao
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. It has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization which exhibited human-to-human transmissibility and spread rapidly across countries. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. Climate, with temperature, humidity, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination, immune status of persons, elderly people, uncontrolled co morbid conditions like heart diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney diseases seems to play an important role in spread and severity of corona virus infection. As reported from MOHFW website, the COVID-19 deaths are more in above 60 years of age with comorbidities cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer.

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