scholarly journals Initiatives to tackle the gender gap in astronomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Primas
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Gender Parity ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
News Headlines

Abstract In today professional world and especially in STEM related fields, gender balance (or the lack thereof) remains a hotly debated topic. Gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls is the fifth goal set by the United Nations in 2015 (out of 17 Sustainable Development Goals in total) that is intended to be achieved by the year 2030. It is in fact fully understood that we cannot simply afford missing out on half (actually more) of the human capital and potential and one of the key factors to achieve this is education for all. Together with broader themes like diversity and inclusion, gender equality has also made it to the top of many institutions/organizations agendas, because diverse teams are more creative, more productive and improve the working experience and environment for everybody. To this end, a significant push has also come from regular reports published by international or consultancy agencies like the World Economic Forum (WEF) or Mc Kinsey that have often made the news headlines with highly visible and provocative titles. The most recent WEF Global Gender Gap Report 2020 clearly states that “It will take us another 99.5 years to reach gender parity” and that “It will be the year 2277 when the gender pay gap will close”. In this review, the focus will be on a specific STEM field that has always fascinated generations of people, just by looking up at the peaceful beauty of a night sky: astronomy.

Gender Gap in Skill Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anjuli Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls

Achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls is one of the 17 goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unfortunately, gender inequality practices still occur in nearly all fields of development; one of which is the skill development. The India Skills Report 2017 highlighted the gap between men and women in gaining employment across all sectors. This chapter analyzes gender gap in skill development, identifies challenges of gender stereotyped labor market, assesses government programs for skill development, and suggests remedial measures to fill the gender gap in skill development. The chapter uses secondary sources like India Skill Report, Gender Gap Report, World Economic Forum, and UNDP reports related to skill development focusing on gender gaps. The chapter gives a clear understanding of gender gap, skill development, and the challenges faced by women in a gender stereotyped labor market. The chapter ends by suggesting measures to fill these gaps.

scholarly journals Kata Netizen tentang Kesetaraan Gender dalam Sentimen Warganet Twitter

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-458
Author(s):  
Azka Al Azkiya ◽  
Iliana Patricia Vega ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
Zahra Nurul Fatimah ◽  
Utami Dyah Syafitri
Keyword(s):  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Inequality Index ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Nations Development ◽  
Global Gender Gap Index

Abstract: Gender equality is one of the goals in the Sustainable Development Goals. However, until now Indonesia is still having difficulties in achieving this goal. According to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) data, Indonesia's Gender Inequality Index (GII) is ranked 107 out of 189 countries. In addition, according to The Global Gender Gap Index 2021 data by the World Economic Forum (WEF), Indonesia is ranked 105th out of 153 countries. This shows that Indonesia is still lagging behind in terms of gender equality. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the sentiments of Indonesian twitter netizens regarding gender equality in 2018-2021 and its accuracy. Data was collected from primary data, scraping twitter data with the keywords #kesetaraan and #gender in Indonesian. The method used is Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis with AFINN-111 dictionary translated into Indonesian. The results obtained are that the percentage of positive sentiments tends to decrease from year to year except for 2021. On the contrary, the negative sentiments of Twitter tend to increase. This is due to controversial articles in RKUHP, RUU Cipta Kerja, Covid-19 pandemic, and the online gender-based violence. This shows that the gender equality in Indonesia is still minimal and needs to be improved. Keywords: AFINN-111, gender equality, lexicon-based sentiment analysis, text mining, twitter Abstrak: Kesetaraan gender termasuk tujuan pada Sustainable Development Goals. Namun hingga saat ini Indonesia masih kesulitan dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut. Menurut data United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), nilai Gender Inequality Index (GII) Indonesia menempati peringkat 107 dari 189 negara. Selain itu, menurut data The Global Gender Gap Index 2021 dari World Economic Forum (WEF), Indonesia menempati posisi ke-105 dari total 153 negara. Hal ini membuktikan gender di Indonesia masih belum setara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sentiment netizen twitter Indonesia mengenai kesetaraan gender pada 2018-202i dan akurasinya. Data dikumpulkan dari data primer yaitu scraping data twitter dengan keyword #kesetaraangender dan #gender dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah Lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis dengan bantuan kamus AFINN-111 yang diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia pada software python. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah persentase sentimen positif netizen twitter cenderung menurun dari tahun ke tahun kecuali 2021, sebaliknya sentimen negatif netizen twitter cenderung meningkat setiap tahun. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya pasal yang mengandung kontroversi pada Rancangan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP), RUU Cipta Kerja, adanya pandemi Covid-19, dan maraknya kekerasan berbasis gender online. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesetaraan gender di Indonesia masih minim dan perlu untuk ditingkatkan kedepannya. Kata kunci: AFINN-111, kesetaraan gender, lexicon-based sentiment analysis, text mining, twitter

Gender Impact on the Enterprise Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Oleksii V. Lyulyov ◽  
Oleksandra I. Karintseva ◽  
Andrii V. Yevdokymov ◽  
Hanna S. Ponomarova ◽  
Oleksandr O. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the situation of gender equality in Ukraine and in the world during the last 5 years, identifies the leading countries in moving towards gender equality in various fields of life by analyzing the indicators of the Global Gender Gap Report of the World Economic Forum. These indicators include: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, Political Empowerment, which are the part of a single index that determines the position of countries in the overall ranking. Based on the results of this analysis, Ukraine has improved value of gender equality index, although in the overall ranking of countries Ukraine has lost its position and dropped 11 ranks lower than in 2014. This means that, among all the countries surveyed by the World Economic Forum, there are countries that are moving much faster towards gender equality than Ukraine. In addition, the article includes the investigation of the gender representation among the board members of 5 enterprises of Ukraine for 2014-2017, which represent the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy. The dynamics of changes in the level of performance of these enterprises using the return on assets (ROA) indicator is analyzed, the relationship between the leadership of the enterprises and the value of the ROA indicator is graphically presented. The obtained results do not give a clear answer about the gender impact on the enterprise performance. The reason for this is a number of factors, such as: insufficient statistical sampling of enterprises; the selected performance indicator of enterprise activities does not fully reflect the impact of the gender factor on enterprise activities; the methodology used in the work needs improvements, or it is necessary to choose a totally new approach to the analysis of the investigated issue under study. Gender representation among board members and its impact on enterprise performance should be investigated further. Key words: gender, gender equality, enterprise board members, return on assets.

scholarly journals GENDER HARMONIZATION IN AL MU’ĀSHARAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112-1120
Author(s):  
Yulfira Riza ◽  
Titin Nurhayati Mamun ◽  
I Syarief Hidayat ◽  
Ikhwan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Manuscripts ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls

Purpose: This study aims to describe gender harmonization in al Mu'āsharah's manuscript by Sheikh Abdul Laṭīf Syakūr. This concept is considered as Syakūr's understanding of gender equality, as one of the 17 goals in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), from an Islamic perspective. Methodology: The analysis of this manuscript uses a descriptive-analytic method to bring up the facts in the manuscript which are then analyzed according to the targets and indicators contained in SDGs 5 formulation on gender equality. Main Findings: This research presents the concept of gender relations in al Mu’āsharah leading to Islamic gender equality as an elaboration of rights and obligations between husband and wife. The existence of women in career and the sustainability of education is fairness according to Shakūr. Likewise, in sexual relations, Syakūr stressed the importance of women getting the same thing as men. Through this research, it is found that there is gender harmonization presented by Shakūr in al mu’āsharah with the concept of fastabiqulkhairat as a form of gender relations in an Islamic family towards real gender equality. Implications/Applications: This research provides an overview of the role of gender harmonization in SDG. Novelty/Originality of this study: Gender equality, which is the goal of the SDGs 5 to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls, has relevance to ancient manuscripts of the archipelago. This study highlights that gender equality can be enjoyed by the people of the archipelago following the evolving culture and customs. Just like the actual gender equality goals of the SDGs, women should be honored and respected, to create a gender equality discourse.

scholarly journals GENDER PAY GAP: A MYTH OR MATH

2021 ◽  
pp. 399-410
Author(s):  
Hitesh N. Jagani ◽  
Nasheman Bandookwala
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Wage Differential ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Participation ◽  
World Economic

Gender discrimination has been persistent across globe and it is more identified in terms of wage differential. Such discrimination is more striking in developing countries and further more among social groups. Though many countries have passed minimum wage laws and laws mandating equal treatment of women at workplace, gender wage differential remains a perennial feature of labor markets across globe. Among BRIC nation India depicts highest wage discrimination between sexes (Rema Nagarajan TNN March 2011). This fact was reveled also in the Global Gender Gap Report of 2010 as well. The recent survey by the World Economic Forum (WEF) points out the Indian situation, ranking India among the bottom 10 countries in the world in terms of women’s participation in the economy. The World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Report 2020 says Of the 153 countries studied in the report, India ranks 112th on the overall Global Gender Gap Index with the index value of (0.068). The overall gender gap as though has narrowed the pay gaps have widen and it will take 257 more years i.e by year 2257 pay equity will be established. India has shown disappointing performance in women work participation rate (WPR), pushing the country among the bottom 10 countries on the WEF list. The country ranks 149th among 153 countries in economic participation. Overall, in terms of gender equality India achieves a score of 59.4%, but in terms of economic participation and opportunity, it scores 39.8% which is dismal. The present study is an attempt to analyze the wage differential across selected states of India. The wages for agriculture and non agriculture workers for sexes is considered. The attempt has been made to evaluate wage differential across selected states of India and inequality therein has been calculated. The descriptive statistical tools like arithmetic mean and standard deviation has been used to ameliorate understanding. The pay parity Index has also been calculated The overall observation from the study widens understanding about pay pattern in India – and discriminating dimension therein. Across occupation unequal pay prevails in regards to sexes with males being paid more than women for the equal jobs. Disparity among agricultural Towards Excellence: An Indexed, Refereed & Peer Reviewed Journal of Higher Education / Dr. Hitesh Jagani & Dr. Nasheman Bandookwala / Page 399-410 March, 2021. VOL.13. ISSUE NO. 1 https://hrdc.gujaratuniversity.ac.in/Publication Page | 400 workers is highest at Kerala- female agricultural workers are paid 29% less than males. On other hand in Himachal Pradesh male agricultural worker is paid 5% less than females. For non agricultural workers Tamil Nadu exhibits high incidence of inequality with female workers being paid 32% less than males. Gujarat comparatively depicts a better scenario with average female payments being more in non agricultural sector as though in agriculture sector disparity prevails.

Gender Inequality and Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-145
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Regional Performance

The chapter argues that inequality between men and women has led to the gap in income and poverty for women. Gender inequality and women's empowerment have, therefore, become one of the 17 pillars of the Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2030. This chapter, therefore, examines the global performances on gender inequality index (GII) and the Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2030, regional performance and the Sustainable Development Goals, the top best performers on gender gap parity versus the worst performers on gender gap parity, and sub-national performances and global rankings. Also, this chapter examines the challenges of achieving gender equality by 2030 along with policy options for achieving gender equality in the year 2030.

Gender and the Sustainable Development Goals

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Mee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) began in 2016 with great hopes that they will promote social development, economic development, and environmentally sustainable development with the motto, “Leave No One Behind” (UN 2016). In particular, SDGs’ goal 5, “Achieve Gender Equality and Empower All Women and Girls” (UN 2016). However, persistently high gender gap was found in many countries around the world whether they are developed or developing. The 2016 Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI), which examines gender inequality across four key areas of health, education, economy and politics, showed that the gender gap widened in many countries, and the gap in “economic participation and opportunity” showed the largest gender gap compared to health, education and political participation (World Economic Forum 2016). Interestingly, the GGGI do not match the global ranking of countries based on their GDP size, GDP per capita, or even the level of poverty. Thus, in order to deal with the underlying causes of deep-rooted and persistent gender inequality we must develop more culturally nuanced and contextualized approaches in the SDGs to tackle gender inequality (Song & Kim 2013). Gender inequality is simply not acceptable in the world where half of the world’s citizens are not provided with the same rights as the other half. It is also economically less productive to rely on only half of the world’s labor force to help eradicate poverty. Education, employment, and full empowerment of women and girls must be a priority for the SDGs.

Gender equality will see uneven progress in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
National Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
First Time

Subject The Mexican government's advances towards greater gender equality. Significance President Enrique Pena Nieto has been active in promoting gender equality at home and abroad, and his government has repeatedly voiced its commitment to the UN's Millennium Development Goals, particularly regarding female empowerment. The Pena Nieto administration included a gender dimension in its National Development Plan for the first time, and has allocated significant resources to supporting women. Efforts have focused not only on the federal level, but also at state level, as illustrated by the signing of a collaboration agreement in December 2015 between the government and the National Conference of Governors. Impacts Bridging the gender gap across all government levels will be an expensive and difficult task, with uneven success across the country. Any reductions in domestic violence rates will require long-term efforts to change attitudes from the bottom up. Quotas that encourage the employment of women, regardless of merit, may perpetuate politics' reputation for being corrupt and nepotistic.

scholarly journals Gender Equality in Europe; Developments with reference to Gender Pay Gap and Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zaheer Iqbal Cheema ◽  
Ali Nawaz ◽  
Jawwad Riaz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Gender Pay Gap ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Gender Parity ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

The European Union has kept the agenda of gender equality at the front line of legislation and policy development. The research examined the policies and the efficacy of the European Union in endorsing gender equality and determines where the Union’s system has proved to be less effective. Despite the efforts by the European Union in addressing gender-related issues, a slow improvement has been indicated in achieving gender parity. Inequality persists in many domains of gender equality, including the gender pay gap and gender-based violence. Our research suggests that adequate attention in terms of relevance, effective implementation and funding must be given to all domains of gender equality.

Analysing non-legal barriers to land ownership by women.

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Katriel Marks ◽  
Rhonda Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Legal Barriers

Abstract This chapter explores barriers to women's land ownership. It investigates the potential factors behind why women's rights to own land are often ignored despite laws permitting women to own and inherit land. Measures of gender equality are correlated, as presented in the World Economic Forum Global Gender Gap Index 2020 (economic participation and equality, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment) to percentages of land held by women in a nation. Commonalities between case studies on women's land ownership around the world are discussed as well.

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