scholarly journals Entrepreneurship in the rural areas of Romania. The impact of the 2007-2013 EU funding programmes

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela-Cornelia Dan ◽  
Claudia Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Business Models ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Public Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper contributes to the research on entrepreneurship in rural areas by focusing on the absorption and investment plans developed with European Funds and implemented in Romania in 2007-2013 for rural development. Entrepreneurship in the European Union is seen as the solution for creating and increasing jobs number, developing new business models, and is related very often with creativity and innovation. Moreover, entrepreneurship is directly linked to the economic performance of regions (Audretsch, D.B., Keilbach, M., 2005), poverty reduction and contributes to the economic advancement of rural communities. The focus on rural areas is given by the fact that almost half of the Romanian population lives in villages or communes (around 45%), and the main income source comes from agriculture. In the same time, there is an important potential for entrepreneurial projects because rural areas are high underdeveloped, there is a lack of services in major fields as education, social services, entertainment etc. Also, we find a high potential in tourism, especially in ecological, adventure or agro-tourism. We develop a theoretical framework to discuss the potential impact of EU Funds on rural development, the access to public funds for rural population, their readiness for business ownership, the most accessible fields for starting a business and regional variables. Our study is based on public data and official reports on the European Funds received by Romania in the budgetary period of 2007-2013 and other market data that round the entrepreneurship frame in rural areas. We analyze the number of start-ups financed by European funds, type and size of enterprises, number of jobs and reasons for contract cancellation. We find that regions with a reach cultural heritage and closer to the Western border have registered more applications and are more interested in self-employment, but also that given the administrative barriers many entrepreneurs decided to cancel the contracts.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Dana Desa di Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Maretha Berlianantiya Muhammad Ridwan Eka Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

<p><em>Poverty often occurs in rural areas rather than urban areas, low education which results in low quality of human resources and lack of access is often the cause of rural poverty. In addition, most of the economies of rural communities rely solely on the traditional agricultural sector. Various poverty reduction policies have been implemented, including village fund policies. This study aims to examine the management of village funds in the Balong sub-district of Madiun Regency with a case study in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo villages covering the management of village funds in Tatung village and Karangmojo village. Balong Subdistrict and the impact of empowerment in the villages of Tatung and Karangmojo, Balong District. This research was conducted in Balong Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency with a Case study in Tatung Village and Karangmojo Village with qualitative methods. In the village of Tatung village funds are managed as tourist villages with a focus on Paragliding tourist rides. Whereas in Karangmojo village it is used for Bumdes in the form of Lovebird birds, providing Gapoktan assistance, and infrastructure development.</em></p>

scholarly journals Local Communities Participation in Rural Development: the Experience of the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 212 (09) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
S. Golovina ◽  
Aleksey Ruchkin ◽  
I. Mikolaychik ◽  
L. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Member States

Abstract. The use of the experience of implementing the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the member states of the European Union (EU) is relevant both for Russia and for other countries of the world interested in the successful development of the agrarian sector of the economy and rural areas. The role of rural areas in achieving national security of countries and regions (food, biological, environmental and other) is increasing significantly due to the current challenges and threats (climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, aggravation of the international situation). The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is to scrutinise the special approach implemented under the CAP. This approach is referred to in European law as LEADER/CLLD and refers to a close combination of comprehensive cross-sector interaction with active involvement of local communities in rural development. In the work, analytical and review research methods were used, with the help of which (1) the current (relevant to the research topic) legislation, (2) programs implemented in the EU member states, (3) significant scientific publications were subject to scrupulous study. The result of the work is a review and analysis of the findings and practical recommendations for the future use of the various aspects of LEADER/CLLD in domestic political and economic practice. The application of this approach takes into account the fact that the experience of local residents, combined with the opinions of other stakeholders, can help to better adapt rural development policy to real needs and opportunities, and to form a specific (unique) human capital within the boundaries of rural communities. Human capital includes, in addition to specific skills, (1) the ability to take constructive initiatives, (2) a sense of local identity and ownership, (3) the ability to participate as equals with other partners in defining local development strategies, (4) trust between people, private enterprises, public institutions and sectoral communities interested in successful rural development, formed through constant interaction. Theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the content of LEADER/CLLD initiatives, as well as findings related to the possibilities of introducing tools and mechanisms to support rural areas, implemented directly with the involvement of local communities with financial support from the state, are of scientific novelty.

scholarly journals Is Access to Agribank Credit an Effective Tool in Improving Household Income? Evidence from the Northern Mountainous Region of Vietnam

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Do Xuan Luan ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Vu ◽  
Kieu Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Duong Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Siegfried Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Radius Matching

<p class="a"><span lang="EN-US">Access to credit has been thought to be a key factor in rural development and poverty reduction. In Vietnam, the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank) emerged from the mono-tier banking system in 1988 and performs as a profit-oriented commercial bank sustaining the development of rural areas. During the last two decades, the bank has clearly expanded its share of credit outstanding in total rural credit market volume and this process is in line with the trending development of the national economy. The aim of this study is to examine whether Agribank credit improves household income in the Northern Mountains of Vietnam, where the poor and ethnic minorities are overrepresented in the population. In order to create robust estimates, a joint consideration of all four matching algorithms (</span><span lang="EN-US">nearest-neighbor matching, radius matching, Kernel matching and stratification matching) </span><span lang="EN-US">is applied to the Propensity Score Matching. The study found that access to extension services, ethnicity, and total savings emerged as reliable predictors of credit access among household endowments. Loan volumes increase with total value of household assets. In addition, the impact of credit lies in the range increase of 14.56% to 43.78% of total income, 12.09% to 51.83% of per capita income and 43.64% to 111.60% of nonfarm income of household with credit access. The agricultural bank credit has contributed in improving household income in the Northern Mountains of Vietnam. Results in this study provide further support for the hypothesis that the remarkable progress in poverty reduction in the last two decades in Vietnam is partly attributed to the development of Agribank credit. Experiences of the Agribank in lending to rural areas could be worthwhile for intermediary financial institutions to support rural development in Vietnam.</span></p>

scholarly journals New sources of employment to promote the wealth-generating capacity of rural communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Miklós Pakurár ◽  
Judit Oláh ◽  
András Nábrádi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Employment Creation ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rural Development Policies

New Sources of Employment to Promote the Wealth-Generating Capacity of Rural Communities (acronym: RuralJobs) is a collaborative research project partly funded under the European Commission Research and Development 7th Framework Program. The Rural Jobs consortium consists of partners drawn from eight European Union (EU) countries (Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Romania, Spain and UK). The project began on February 2008 and finished in October 2010. RuralJobs quantified labour market, demographic and economic trends, and the impact of employment creation measures and policies in seven, representative “reference areas” across the EU, and used the information to demonstrate how rural development measures can be better targeted and how rural development policies should evolve.We identified labour market, demographic and economic trends in rural areas across EU-27 and the potential for newsources of employment outside traditional primary and secondary sector activities, and examined the interaction between different types of rural area (peri-urban, remote, high environmental/amenity value etc.). We identified employment growth areas where rural development programmes can be targeted to increase their contribution to employment creation. Our strategic objectives were the following: review of employment policies and programmes, scenarios for new sources of employment according to rural typologies, recommendations for better targeting of strategies, dissemination and mainstreaming. The main outcome expected is that the results will allow a better targeting of rural development measures and future evolution of rural development policies in line with the Lisbon Strategy.

scholarly journals Conceptual framework for rural business models

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1130-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florina Răzvanţă Puie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Business models have been developed to contribute to rural economic development, being used to create, deliver and capture economic and social value. The aim of this paper is to conceptualize the context of developing business models in rural areas, how these have evolved over time and what is the impact on future strategies in community development based on rural entrepreneurship. The increasing focus and attention on business model innovation has been seen among researchers in the last two decades, and several studies have been conducted to define the concept of business modeling. However, variations in business model definitions are noticeable and opinions regarding its components, structure and relationships inside a business vary as well. The literature review provided significant definitions on the key concepts on business models in rural entrepreneurship. The results of the research are to contribute in developing a framework on the understanding of various terms, such as business model, rural entrepreneurship, community development, and innovative entrepreneurship, with reference to shedding some light on conceptual meaning, purpose, methodology and scope of application. Capturing the existing trends in economic development in rural areas could be performed, based on the literature reviewed in this paper, in order to analyze the potential for diversification of economic activities, by finding the business models already implemented in the rural communities and measuring the impact they had on community development. In this way, a structure for a business model and an emphasis on business opportunities for the rural areas of interest could be developed.

scholarly journals Biosphere Reserves in Lebanon: Rifts between Conservation Discourse and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12411
Author(s):  
Sarah Karam ◽  
Giuliano Martiniello ◽  
Ali Chalak ◽  
Mounir Abi-Said ◽  
Shadi Kamal Hamadeh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Biosphere Reserves ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
The Impact

Protected areas (PA), especially biosphere reserves (BR), are considered effective instruments for nature conservation and rural development. However, their impact on rural communities constitutes the most controversial debate in conservation policy and practice. This study aims to reveal the perceptions of local communities towards conservation, the extent of the inclusion of local communities in the establishment and management of a BR and the impact of BRs on local livelihoods by exploring a case study while reflecting on major debates in the conservation and rural development paradigms. Mixed research methods focusing on qualitative methodology are used. By exploring a BR in Lebanon, this research highlights how the allocation and management of the BRs have not always reflected participatory, sustainable and community-based approaches. This study stresses the importance of the locals’ engagement in the whole conservation process. By putting people, their needs and perceptions at the center of decision-making, conservation agencies would shift the main objective of BRs from conservation to poverty reduction.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY TOURISM AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN KASHMIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Suheel Rasool Mir
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Local Population ◽  
National Development ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Income Source ◽  
Community Tourism ◽  
Local Traditions

Tourism is one of the world's fastest-growing industries, and for many countries, especially those in the developing world, it holds promising economic backing. Not only does tourism create job opportunities and possibilities for economic development, but it can also do so in regions having few other economic resources.. For these reasons, many countries, mainly in the developing world, have been proactive to build up tourism industries as part of national development strategies. Although Kashmir is acknowledged as the heaven on earth because of its abundant charming spots and attractions despite that Jammu and Kashmir is an industrially backward state without a strong industrial stand. Community Based Tourism (CBT), a future prospect, is a sort of sustainable tourism that encourages pro-poor strategies at community level and helps to eliminate poverty in rural areas of Kashmir. CBT initiatives intend to involve local population in the management and supervision of micro tourism projects as a means of alleviating poverty and providing a substitute income source for community members. CBT initiatives also encourage respect for local traditions, culture and natural heritage. Tourism offers many advantages to rural communities. Community Tourism has potential and can be used as a strategy for Rural Development. The present study will help to find out the importance of community tourism and rural development in the Valley of Kashmir. Finally some suggestions will be given so as to enhance community tourism development in Kashmir Valley.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of the allocation of European funds on rural development in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Alina Mariana (Popa) Podaru ◽  
Adrian Turek Rahoveanu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
The Impact

Rural development within the European Union has been a continuous evolution of rural space through which it has responded to the needs and challenges of the European Community. Thus, the European Union has created and implemented the Common Agricultural Policy, and rural development is its second pillar. In the case of Romania, agriculture and rural development is a priority sector in terms of economic and social growth, due to the large area occupied by rural areas, but also due to the large area of agricultural land that is found on the territory of Romania. This article is intended to be an objective analysis of the impact that European funds have had on the development of the Romanian rural area regarding the allocation of these funds. At the same time, the degree of absorption of the National Rural Development Program (NRDP) was analysed.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL RURAL NETWORK’S INITIATIVES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF PODLASKIE VOIVODESHIP IN POLAND

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota RYSZKOWSKA ◽  
Czesław ADAMIAK ◽  
Barbara SZYDA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
The Impact

National Rural Network is an important instrument for rural development in Poland. NRN is an instrument of the Rural Areas Development Programme. The main objective of NRN is to support the rural areas of the European Union by providing information, experiences and good practices for sustainable rural development. These measures are intended to improve the quality of life of rural residents and the conditions of their work. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate whether the implementation of NRN initiatives contributes to socio-economic development of rural areas in Podlaskie Voivodship. In order to achieve this objective, the projects supported by NRN for the years 2010-2017 were reviewed, and the numbers of the projects in individual poviats were compared to the changes in values of socio-economic development indicators derived from the Central Statistical Office data.

scholarly journals The Impact of RDP Measures on the Diversification of Agriculture and Rural Development—Seeking Additional Livelihoods: The Case of Poland

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mirosław Biczkowski ◽  
Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle ◽  
Roman Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The paper’s main aim is to assess the measures implemented within the Rural Development Program (RDP) 2007–2013 in Poland. This programme is dedicated to the diversification of business activities in rural areas and rural livelihood and, thus, the improvement of the multifunctionality of rural areas. The analysis covered two measures from Axis 3, Improvement of the quality of life in rural areas and diversification of rural economy: M311, diversification into non-agricultural activities; and M312, Establishment and development of micro-enterprise. The study and the discussion are presented from a geographical perspective and, in a broader context, take into account several conditions (natural, urban, agricultural and historical) and the spatial diversity of the allocation of European Union (EU) funds. Models of a policy of multifunctional rural development, implemented after accession to the EU, are presented. The research’s spatial scope covers Poland’s territory on two spatial scales: the system of regions (16 NUTS2 units) and poviats (314 LAU level 1 units). The analysis covers all the projects implemented in Poland under the two measures of Axis 3 of the RDP 2007–2013. A set of conditions was prepared for all LAU1 units, forming the background for assessing the impact of the EU funds on the development of non-agricultural activities. To determine the relationship between the RDP measures and the selected groups of conditions, a synthetic index and a correlation index are used. They are also used to determine the mutual relations between the two analyzed activities in terms of the spatial scales used. Access to the EU funds (RDP) has considerably enlarged the opportunities for accelerating agricultural modernisation and restructuration towards multifunctional development, as well as the opportunities for implementing new development and work methods in the countryside in Poland. The attractiveness of the two studied RDP measures varied across regions. The beneficiaries’ activity depended on the local potential (resources), culture and tradition of the region, and size and potential of the farm. In the areas where agriculture is deeply rooted, beneficiaries were more willing to engage in ventures tapping into the resources available in their farms. Thus, they create additional livelihood of income and workplaces for household members. In turn, the beneficiaries from the areas where farms are smaller and economically weaker often undertake activities related to setting up a new business (outside farming).

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