scholarly journals The Impact of RDP Measures on the Diversification of Agriculture and Rural Development—Seeking Additional Livelihoods: The Case of Poland

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mirosław Biczkowski ◽  
Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle ◽  
Roman Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The paper’s main aim is to assess the measures implemented within the Rural Development Program (RDP) 2007–2013 in Poland. This programme is dedicated to the diversification of business activities in rural areas and rural livelihood and, thus, the improvement of the multifunctionality of rural areas. The analysis covered two measures from Axis 3, Improvement of the quality of life in rural areas and diversification of rural economy: M311, diversification into non-agricultural activities; and M312, Establishment and development of micro-enterprise. The study and the discussion are presented from a geographical perspective and, in a broader context, take into account several conditions (natural, urban, agricultural and historical) and the spatial diversity of the allocation of European Union (EU) funds. Models of a policy of multifunctional rural development, implemented after accession to the EU, are presented. The research’s spatial scope covers Poland’s territory on two spatial scales: the system of regions (16 NUTS2 units) and poviats (314 LAU level 1 units). The analysis covers all the projects implemented in Poland under the two measures of Axis 3 of the RDP 2007–2013. A set of conditions was prepared for all LAU1 units, forming the background for assessing the impact of the EU funds on the development of non-agricultural activities. To determine the relationship between the RDP measures and the selected groups of conditions, a synthetic index and a correlation index are used. They are also used to determine the mutual relations between the two analyzed activities in terms of the spatial scales used. Access to the EU funds (RDP) has considerably enlarged the opportunities for accelerating agricultural modernisation and restructuration towards multifunctional development, as well as the opportunities for implementing new development and work methods in the countryside in Poland. The attractiveness of the two studied RDP measures varied across regions. The beneficiaries’ activity depended on the local potential (resources), culture and tradition of the region, and size and potential of the farm. In the areas where agriculture is deeply rooted, beneficiaries were more willing to engage in ventures tapping into the resources available in their farms. Thus, they create additional livelihood of income and workplaces for household members. In turn, the beneficiaries from the areas where farms are smaller and economically weaker often undertake activities related to setting up a new business (outside farming).

A new modelling approach for the evaluation of the EU Rural Development Program’s contribution to the reduction of water abstractions in agriculture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Soulis ◽  
Emmanouil Psomiadis ◽  
Paraskevi Londra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Data Scarcity ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Modelling Approach

<p>Agriculture is an essential driving force in the management of water and has a central role in the EU’s Rural Development Programme (RDP). A key role in safeguarding RDP efficiency has its evaluation based on specific Common Evaluation Questions (CEQ) and common impact indicators. The main indicator related to water, I.10 – “Water abstraction in agriculture”, refers to the total volume of water applied to soils for irrigation purposes. According to the EU guidelines, the most appropriate relevant data source is the Eurostat Survey on Agricultural Production Methods; however, these data are available only for 2010. Furthermore, the original data sources used in many countries are unclear given the lack of related monitoring infrastructure. Accordingly, the use of models estimating the volume of water used in agriculture on the basis of farm structure survey data, annual crop statistics and meteorological data, seems to be the most suitable methodology fulfilling the evaluation quality criteria, at least in countries facing data scarcity.</p><p>In this study, the solution developed for the case of Greece is being presented. Greece, as many other southern EU countries, is characterized by very small farms, very high spatial and temporal variability, and acute data scarcity. To address these challenges, a specifically developed modelling approach, which is directly relevant to agricultural water policies evaluation based on multisource data, was applied. The proposed methodology is using an entirely spatially distributed, continuous hydrological model to provide gridded output of the hydrological balance components, plants water deficit, and irrigation water needs in a daily time step for the entire country. The model operates as an extension of ESRI ArcGIS. A special algorithm linking each farm’s polygon (over 6,000,000 polygons) in the spatial database of the Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) with the nearest grid cell of the model with the same crop and the same conditions was also developed. In this way, the developed approach provides very precise information at farm level to facilitate further analysis and the estimation of water abstractions in agriculture considering all the information included in the IACS database (e.g. irrigation system, water source, applied agri-environmental measures). Remote sensing data (Sentinel-Copernicus) and methods were also used for the validation of the crop patterns and of the irrigated fields in IACS database. The model was applied for 34 years reference period (1971-2004) using a different setup for each modelled scenario. In this way, the total water abstractions for each farm were estimated for the crop patterns and cultivation practices existing in the base year (2015) and in the evaluation year (2018) for the reference meteorological conditions. The model is calibrated and validated using data from local water distribution authorities in order to improve the reliability of the results. The obtained results were analyzed to estimate the values of the impact indicators and answer to the CEQ.</p><p>The applied methodology produced valuable information concerning agricultural policies evaluation, and may additionally assist the evaluation of land use or climate variation impacts and adaptation and mitigation strategies.</p>

scholarly journals The Agri-Environment-Climate Measure as an Element of the Bioeconomy in Poland—A Spatial Study

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Jezierska-Thöle ◽  
Roman Rudnicki ◽  
Łukasz Wiśniewski ◽  
Marta Gwiaździńska-Goraj ◽  
Mirosław Biczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Indicator ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The Polish agricultural economy has a chance to dynamically develop and influence the innovation policy in the EU model of bioeconomy. The research aims to assess the spatial diversification of the level and structure of spending funds for two Rural Development Program (RDP) measures: agri-environment-climate measures (AECM) and organic farming scheme (OFS) aimed at supporting proenvironmental forms of agricultural management in the context of bioeconomy development. The EU financial perspective determined the time range for 2014–2020. The study was conducted on the example of Poland in two spatial scales: regional (province) and local (community). The analysis was based on partial indicators, which were then subjected to the standardisation procedure and included in the total as a synthetic indicator of the utilisation of RDP 2014–2020 funds aimed at supporting proenvironmental forms of farming. The following information was included in the evaluation: the number of farms, the size of utilised agricultural area (UAA) covered by support and the amounts of payments made under the two analysed RDP measures. In the research, the size and distribution of farms benefiting from AECM and OFS were determined. Besides, the relationship between funds absorption and socioeconomic development, as well as natural and non-natural conditions, were identified. The synthetic indicator of AECM/OFS usage showed a strong spatial differentiation, determined by the impact of several conditions: the level of socioeconomic development, the level of agriculture development, natural conditions of agriculture, land with significant natural and ecological values, and proenvironmental forms of land use on farms. Spatial diversification is more often the result of the impact of proenvironmental or natural-ecological factors than of socioeconomic conditions, or the level of agricultural development.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of the allocation of European funds on rural development in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Alina Mariana (Popa) Podaru ◽  
Adrian Turek Rahoveanu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
The Impact

Rural development within the European Union has been a continuous evolution of rural space through which it has responded to the needs and challenges of the European Community. Thus, the European Union has created and implemented the Common Agricultural Policy, and rural development is its second pillar. In the case of Romania, agriculture and rural development is a priority sector in terms of economic and social growth, due to the large area occupied by rural areas, but also due to the large area of agricultural land that is found on the territory of Romania. This article is intended to be an objective analysis of the impact that European funds have had on the development of the Romanian rural area regarding the allocation of these funds. At the same time, the degree of absorption of the National Rural Development Program (NRDP) was analysed.

scholarly journals Limitations to assess the impact of rural development policy in the Puglia region: The case of measure 121 – Axes I

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Pasquale Pazienza ◽  
Donatello Caruso ◽  
Vincenzo Vecchione
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Regional Authority ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
The Eu

In this work, some specific aspects of the Rural Development Plan of the Puglia Region (in Southern Italy) for the period 2007-2013 are analyzed and the limitations characterizing the possibility of building an analysis framework aimed at understanding how it actually affects the regional agricultural system are highlighted. More specifically, by referring to a specific measure of the rural development program (Measure 121 of Axes I), the aim is to verify whether the investment activity implemented has actually generated some positive results which can induce us to say that the EU budget devoted to rural development is well spent. In order to achieve this purpose, the authors of the present work have worked at gathering all the information available at the Puglia Region Authority. Nevertheless, this is not helpful for the type of the analysis the authors would like to conduct. The observation of the gathered data, in fact, makes the authors observe the existence of severe limitations deriving from the way in which the Regional Authority manages the data collection. The main aim of this work is to present a framework of analysis which might be used for policy evaluation purposes and to discuss what should be further required for a useful completion of the dataset with the aim of making it the subject of empirical analyses.

Cherneha O. B., Chepurnova A. V. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE AND POLAND FOOD SECURITY LEVELS

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
Security Levels ◽  
The Eu

Objective. The purpose of the article is to compare the levels and mechanisms of food security management in Ukraine and Poland, to identify the main factors influencing the processes of its formation and to determine the directions of increasing the level of Ukraine food security. Methods. The scientific results of the study were obtained using the following methods: theoretical generalization and comparison (for the study of meaningful aspects of the definition of «food security»), analysis and synthesis (for comparative analysis of Ukraine and Poland food security levels), abstract-logical method (for establishing the links between the level of economic development of countries and the levels of their food security and determining the directions of increasing the Ukraine level of food security). Results. On the basis of a comparative analysis of Ukraine and Poland food security levels, a significant gap in Ukraine’s provision of food security has been identified. Thus, with respect to all food security components identified by FAO, except for the «use» of sanitary and safe drinking water, Poland has reached far ahead of Ukraine. It has been found that for the period 2012–2018, the value of the Global Food Security Index for Ukraine decreased by 2.1 due to a decrease in the level of affordability and availability of food, while the Polish side increased its position on GFSI by 2.8 due to the increase in affordability and availability of food in the country. It has been found that the decisive influence on the level of food security in Poland, as well as high ranking in the ranking is carried out by the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the implementation of the Polish Rural Development Program and significant public spending on agriculture. It has been determined that the main directions for improving the level of food security of Ukraine should be: lifting the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land; financing the agri-food sector not only through public spending but also through EU programs; creation and implementation of the National Rural Development Program; full and unconditional implementation of Government programs on EU integration; adaptation to the EU Common Agricultural Policy standards.

DIAGNOSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Nataliia Khomiuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Environmental Component

The purpose of the article is to analyze the environmental situation in rural areas in Ukraine in order to develop proposals for the diversification of agricultural production and non-agricultural activities in these areas on the basis of sustainable development. Based on the anal-ysis of the scientific literature on sustainable rural development, protection, and reproduction of natural resource potential, the methodological basis for the study of the ecological component of sustainable rural development has been formed. In the course of the research monographic, economic-statistical methods and methods of scientific generalization and synthesis were used. Based on the study of the state of agricultural lands, a continuous decrease in fertility as a result of increasing the rate of their degradation is substantiated. It was found that agricultural pro-ducers have reduced capital investment in environmental protection. It is proposed to promote the development of organic production as one of the areas of diversification of agricultural activities in order to reduce degradation processes.

scholarly journals Durable Rural Development Through the 2014 - 2020 National Rural Development Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lucian
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
Implied Contracts ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Village

AbstractRural Development Policy is a priority for the E.U., as half of the Union’s population lives in rural areas. This policy is focused on society’s durable development, under all its aspects: economic, social, cultural, and so on. The challenges which rural areas of member states face must be addressed, while at the same time applying European norms and standards for rural development. After Romania became a part of the E.U., rural areas here were supported through several national rural development programs, so as to create a durable and sustainable rural economy. Major changes are required to achieve this kind of development, such as replacing old agricultural structures, modernizing the village, while at the same time maintaining cultural and local identity. Rural areas in Romania are often affected by natural disasters. During the last 17 years, national rural development programs implied contracts worth billions of Euros. For instance, through the 2020 NRDP, a budget of 9.5 billion Euros was allocated, 8.1 billion Euros coming from E.U. funding and 1.34 billion Euros as national cofinancing. At the moment, Romania’s absorption degree for the 2020 NRDP is of 20% and is expected to surpass 50% by 2020. Another regional program includes the concept of Spatial Development - Romania - 2025. Spatial planning supports the avoidance of rural dispersion. The betterment of infrastructure is supported, such as access roads, expanding base utilities, consolidated works to prevent flooding or landslides, and so on.

scholarly journals EU Rural Policy’s Capacity to Facilitate a Just Sustainability Transition of the Rural Areas

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5050
Author(s):  
Barbara Wieliczko ◽  
Agnieszka Kurdyś-Kujawska ◽  
Zbigniew Floriańczyk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Past Performance ◽  
Sustainability Transition ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Just Sustainability ◽  
The Eu

The sustainability transition of rural areas is a must due to rapid climate changes and biodiversity loss. Given the limited resources of rural communities, policy should facilitate a just sustainability transition of the EU rural areas. The analysis of EU development policies, past performance and the envisaged scope of reform, presented in this study point to a serious inconsistency between the declaration and implementation of relevant policies. Namely, the marginal role rural areas perform in common agricultural policy and cohesion policy; a result of the lack of a complex approach to rural development. The analysis was based on the concept of good governance and took a multi-level perspective. It advocates territorial justice as an approach that should be at the core of creating a comprehensive policy for rural areas in the EU, including their diversity and empowering local communities to choose the transition pathway that is most in line with their current situation and development capacity. This analysis fills a gap in research on the evolution of the rural development policy in the EU. This research can inform the reprioritization and intensification of efforts to create equitable policies for EU rural development.

scholarly journals Role of agriculture and multifunctional rural development in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Bogdanov ◽  
Zorica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Clear Explanation

Serbia is mostly rural country, as three fourth of its territory make rural areas, while almost half population is living in rural areas. Serbian agriculture is the sector which is very important for the total economy of the country in respect of resources, participation in GDP, employment as well as importance for rural areas and population. This is the only sector in Serbian economy that shows positive foreign trade balance in the recent several years.There are potentials for development of agrarian entrepreneurship on one hand, but on the other, there are constraints in existence of great number of small family farms whereas the huge share could not have commercial profile and could not live only from agricultural activities. The concept of multifunctional development of agriculture and rural areas is still present mostly in scientific and political sphere without clear explanation or interpretation as well as mechanisms of implementation. Serbia’s rural space is heterogenic and devastated in different extent, and therefore extremely complicated for planning of multifunctional development.

scholarly journals Identyfikacja sposobów implementacji II filaru WPR w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pawłowski ◽  
Wawrzyniec Czubak
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Time Range ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rural Development Program ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

The 2nd pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy plays a very significant role in shaping the image of a modern, European village. It’s impact on the development of agriculture and rural areas seems to be obvious, for example because of the place it occupies in the structure of the European Union budget. However, it’s very important to precisely determine the effects of its implementation. Therefore, in this article the main goal was to show the reasons for diversifying the implementation of the Rural Development Program 2007–2013 in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Against the background of differences in the economic and production situation of the agricultural sector, the design of the Programs was evaluated and it’s impact on changes in the agricultural sectors of these countries was compared. To show the impact of the funds of the second pillar of the CAP, the time range presenting changes in agriculture covers the years before and after integration. Based on them, a comparison of the implemented activities and the structure of their financing has been made.

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