scholarly journals MicroRNA expression profiles in liver and colon of sexually immature gilts after exposure to Fusarium mycotoxins

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brzuzan ◽  
M. Woźny ◽  
L. Wolińska-Nizioł ◽  
A. Piasecka ◽  
M. Florczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Colon Cells ◽  
Diseased Liver ◽  
Descending Colon

Abstract To improve our knowledge of the role of microRNAs (miRs) in responses of the porcine digestive system to two Fusarium mycotoxins, zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON), we examined the expression of 7 miRs (miR-9, miR-15a, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-122, miR-125b, and miR-192), previously found to be deregulated in diseased liver and colon cells. In this study, immature gilts were exposed to NOEL doses of ZEN (40 μg/kg/d), DON (12 μg/kg/d), ZEN+DON (40+12 μg/kg/d), and placebo (negative control group) for 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. Before the treatment, expression levels of the selected miRs were measured in the liver, the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ascending and the descending colon of the gilts. Hierarchical clustering of the tissues by their miR expression profiles was consistent with what would be expected based on the anatomical locations and the physiological functions of the organs, suggesting that functions of the miRs are related to the specificities of the tissues in which they are expressed. A subset of 2 pairs of miRs (miR-21+miR-192 and miR-15a+miR-34a), which were assigned to two distinct clusters based on their tissue abundance, was then evaluated in the liver and the ascending and the descending colon during the treatment. The most meaningful results were obtained from the ascending colon, where a significant effect of the treatment was observed, suggesting that during the exposure to mycotoxins, the pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival were disordered. Changes in miR expression in the liver and the descending colon of the treated gilts were smaller, and were associated more with treatment duration than the exposure to ZEN, DON, or ZEN+DON. Further research should focus on identification of genes whose expression is regulated by these aberrantly expressed miRs. This should facilitate understanding of the miRNA-regulated biological effects of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals THE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF OMEGA-3 AGAINST GENOTOXICITY AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ACUTE TREATMENT IN MALE MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Nahed A Hussien ◽  
Hanan R. H. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Objective: Cobalt nanoparticles (NPs), especially cobalt oxide NPs (Co3O4 NPs) are attracting unique shaped NPs that are used in different biomedical applications and medicine. Different in vitro studies report their toxic and carcinogenic effect but limited in vivo studies were present on its genotoxic potential. The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs on bone marrow cells and sperms and the protective role of omega-3 in male albino mice.Methods: Animals were segregated into four groups that were orally treated for 3 consecutive days, Group 1: Negative control; Group 2: Omega-3 (250 mg/kg); Group 3: Co3O4 NPs (20 mg/kg); and Group 4: Combined group (250 mg/kg Omega-3 and Co3O4 NPs 20 mg/kg).Results: The present results show that Co3O4 NPs administration significantly increased number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs)/1000 PCEs, sperm abnormalities, and DNA damage, significantly decreased sperm motility and concentration in comparison to negative control group. However, Omega-3 administration in the combined group modulates the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs in comparison to Co3O4 NPs group.Conclusion: The present study reports the genotoxic potential of Co3O4 NPs in vivo and assesses the protective role of Omega-3 administration due to its antioxidant effect.

scholarly journals Identification of immune-infiltrated hub genes as potential biomarkers of Moyamoya disease by bioinformatics analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa Jin ◽  
Chuanzhi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Immune Infiltration

Abstract Background Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a unique chronic progressive cerebrovascular disease. The molecular mechanism behind pathophysiology is still elusive. This study aims to determine the key genes and their roles in the immune infiltration of MMD.Methods We download raw gene expression profiles (GSE157628, GSE141024) of cerebrovascular tissue from GEO database. Identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and perform functional enrichment analysis. The CIBERSORT deconvolution algorithm was used to analyze the proportion of immune cell infiltration between MMD and negative control group. We screened for neutrophil-associated DEGs, constructed a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) using STRING, and clarified hub genes using the Cytoscape plugin MCODE analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is applied to test and filter the best gene signature.Results A total of 570 DEGs were detected, including 212 downregulated and 358 up-regulated genes. Reactome and KEGG enrichment revealed that DEGs are involved in the cell cycle, molecular transport, and metabolic pathways. The immune infiltration profile demonstrates that MMD cerebrovascular tissues contained a higher proportion of neutrophils, monocytes, and NK cells than negative control group. PPI network and MCODE cluster identified 9 DEGs (UNC13D, AZU1, PYCARD, ELANE, SDCBP, CCL11, CCL15, CCL20, and CXCL5) associated with neutrophil infiltration. ROC results showed that UNC13D has good specificity and sensitivity (AUC = 0.7846).Conclusions The characteristics of immune infiltration in the cerebrovascular tissues of MMD patients and abnormal expression of hub genes provide new insights for understanding MMD progression. UNC13D is promising to be one of the candidate molecules to determine neutrophil infiltration characteristics in MMD.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective effect of grape polyphenol extract against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shynggys Sergazy ◽  
Zarina Shulgau ◽  
Galina Fedotovskikh ◽  
Laura Chulenbayeva ◽  
Ayaulym Nurgozhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cardioprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doxorubicin Group ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

Abstract Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent known to cause cardiotoxicity that is thought to be associated with oxidative stress. The aim of the current study is to investigate the role of grape polyphenols’ antioxidant property as cardioprotective against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Adult Wistar rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were divided into 3 different groups: a doxorubicin group that received a single intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin (8.0 mg/kg body weight), an experimental group that received doxorubicin and grape polyphenol concentrate (25 mg/kg) via intragastric route, and the third group was a negative control group that received water only. On day 8, blood samples and tissues were harvested for analyses. The results indicated that grape polyphenol concentrate was able to reduce the signs of cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin through the reduction of aspartate aminotransferase activation, increasing the plasma antioxidant levels and decreasing the level of free radicals. The results also showed that grape polyphenol concentrate was able to reverse doxorubicin-induced microscopic myocardial damage. The myocardial protective effect of grape polyphenol might likely be due to the increase in the level and activity of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In conclusion, grape polyphenol concentrate displayed cardioprotective effect and was able to reverse doxorubicin-induced-cardiomyopathy in experimental rats.

scholarly journals Role of TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling Pathway in Secretion of Type I and III Collagen by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Rats Undergoing Balloon Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lu ◽  
Songhao Wang ◽  
Wenwei Cai ◽  
Jing Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Adenoviral Vectors ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Balloon Injury

Antisense Smad3 adenoviral vectors were used to transfect vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from rats with balloon injury or infused into the rat balloon-catheter injured carotid arteries, and the role of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in the secretion of type I and III collagen by VSMCs following balloon injury was investigated. Antisense Smad3 adenoviral vectors were used to transfect these VSMCs (antisense Smad3 group). A total 90 rats were randomly assigned into blank control group, experiment group, negative control group. In thein vitrostudy, the expression of type I and III collagen was markedly reduced in the antisense Smad3 group when compared with the control groups (P<0.05). In thein vivostudy, the expression of type I and III collagen was significantly lower than that in the negative control group at 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks after injury (P<0.05). At 2 weeks and 3 months after injury, the lumen area in the antisense Smad3 group was markedly increased but the intimal area dramatically reduced when compared with the negative control (P<0.05). We conclude that transfection of VSMCs with antisense Smad3 can reduce the secretion of type I and III collagen which then inhibit intimal hyperplasia.

scholarly journals Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun ungu (EEDU) Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff terhadap aktivitas fagositosis monosit yang dipapar Candida albicans

DENTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Atik Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group

<p class="Standard"><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em>:<strong> </strong>Candidiasis is one of oral infectious disease caused by Candida albicans.The role of C. albicans as pathogen opportunistic in oral infection can affected by immune system. Phagocytosis has contributed in immune system against C. albicans infection, which is the role of monocytes. Grapthophyllum L. Griff has been proved to increase macrophage’s phagocytic activity, but the effect of violet leaves ethanol extract (EEDU) to increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans is unknown. <strong>Objectives</strong>:<strong> </strong>To determine the effect of violet leaves extract on monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans. <strong>Methods</strong>: This research was acted in vitro on human monocyte cell culture. There was 5 groups: negative control group, positive control group (incubated in Isoprinosine) and treatment groups was incubated in EEDU 2,5%, 5%, 10%. The percentage of activated monocytes was counted. <strong>Result</strong>: The result showed that incubation of EEDU 2,5%, 5% and 10% could increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity significantly (p&lt;0,05) compared to control groups. The number of monocyte’s phagocytosis on C. albicans incubated with EEDU 2,5%, 5% and 10% is 65%, 60,5%, and 58,75%. The optimal concentration of EEDU to increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity was 2,5%. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study showed that EEDU can increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans.</em></p><p class="Standard"><em>            </em></p><p class="Standard"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>:Ethanol extract of Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff  leaves, Monocyte’s Phagocytic Activity, Candida albicans </em></p>

scholarly journals The Role of Ceftazidime as a Photosensitizer in Human Erythrocytes Through Oxidative Stress Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashuri Mashuri ◽  
Mustofa Ruhullah ◽  
Bayu Diertama Putera ◽  
Vicky Pramudinta Mega ◽  
Fadillah Alma Putra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups

BACKGROUND: Ceftazidime was known to cause photosensitization reactions. However, how it plays the role remained unclear. In our study, we aim to investigate the photosensitization effect of ceftazidime in erythrocytes via oxidative stress.METHODS: Samples were divided into six different groups: negative control group, positive control group and four experimental groups with 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% ceftazidime, respectively. The positive control and experimental groups were exposed to ultraviolet (UV)-light for 2 hours. Superoxide radical, malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl compounds (CC) and methemoglobin (Met-Hb) levels were then measured.RESULTS: The results showed a significant increased of superoxide radical, MDA, CC and Met-Hb levels in all experimental groups compared to both negative or positive control groups (p< 0.05).CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our study confirmed the role of ceftazidime as a photosensitizer in erythrocytes via the oxidative stress mechanisms.KEYWORDS: ceftazidime, oxidative stress, photosensitizer, photosensitization.

scholarly journals Cell therapy as a new approach on hepatic fibrosis of murine model of Schistosoma mansoni infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. ALsulami Muslimah
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
And Function

AbstractSchistosomiasis is an acute and chronic disease caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomiasis is disease that are prevalent in or unique to tropical and subtropical regions. Previous studies have shown that the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) therapy in improvement of hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the therapeutic role of BMSCs in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. BMSCs derived male mice were intraperitoneal injected into female mice that received S. mansoni cercariae through subcutaneous route. Mice were divided into four groups: negative control group (noninfected non treated); positive control group (infected non treated); BMSCs treated group; and untreated group. Liver histopathology and immunohistochemically were evaluated. BMSC intraperitoneal injection resulted in a significant reduction in liver collagen, granuloma size, and significant increase in OV-6 expression in the Schistosomiasis treated mice group. There was overall improvement of the pathological changes of the liver. The findings support that BMSCs has a regenerative potential in the histopathology and function of the liver tissue by decreasing liver fibrosis.

scholarly journals Characterization and Study of Gene Expression Profiles of Human Periodontal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spheroid Cultures by Transcriptome Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Takenori Suga ◽  
Michihiko Usui ◽  
Satoru Onizuka ◽  
Kotaro Sano ◽  
Tsuyoshi Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Histone Deacetylation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spheroid Culture

A spheroid is known as a three-dimensional culture model, which better simulates the physiological conditions of stem cells. This study is aimed at identifying genes specifically expressed in spheroid-cultured human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (hPDLMSCs) using RNA-seq analysis to evaluate their functions. Transcriptome analysis was performed using spheroid and monolayer cultures of hPDLMSCs from four patients. Cluster and Gene Ontology analyses revealed that genes involved in cell-cell adhesion as well as the G2/M and G1/S transitions of mitotic cell cycles were strongly expressed in the monolayer culture group. However, genes involved in the negative regulation of cell proliferation, histone deacetylation, and bone morphogenetic protein signaling were strongly expressed in the spheroid culture group. We focused on the transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2) among the genes that were strongly expressed in the spheroid culture group and analyzed its function. To confirm the results of the transcriptome analysis, we performed real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses. Interestingly, we found that the mRNA and protein expressions of NR4A2 were strongly expressed in the spheroid-cultured hPDLMSCs. Under osteogenic differentiation conditions, we used siRNA to knock down NR4A2 in spheroid-cultured hPDLMSCs to verify its role in osteogenesis. We found that NR4A2 knockdown significantly increased the levels of mRNA expression for osteogenesis-related genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osteopontin (OPN), and type 1 collagen (COL1) (Student’s paired t -test, p < 0.05 ). ALP activity was also significantly increased when compared to the negative control group (Student’s paired t -test, p < 0.05 ). Additionally, spheroid-cultured hPDLMSCs transfected with siNR4A2 were cultured for 12 days, resulting in the formation of significantly larger calcified nodules compared to the negative control group (Student’s paired t -test, p < 0.05 ). On the other hand, NR4A2 knockdown in hPDLMSC spheroid did not affect the levels of chondrogenesis and adipogenesis-related genes under chondrogenic and adipogenic conditions. These results suggest that NR4A2 negatively regulates osteogenesis in the spheroid culture of hPDLMSCs.

Effect of HylocereusPolyrhizus Rind Extract Toward Interleukin-1β, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression, Endometriosis Implant Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
YanuarEka P. ◽  
Hendy Hendarto ◽  
Widjiati .
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Fruit Rind

Retrograde menstruation lead to I Kappa B Kinase (IKK) fosforilation in peritoneum macrophage and cause secretion of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin1β then stimulate endometriosis cell to produce Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor which lead to increasing of endometriosis lession seen as endometriosis implant area. Cytokine secretion was inhibited through prevention of NF-κB activation by dragon red fruit rind extract (Hylocereuspolyrhizus). The aim of this reserach is to know the effect of dragon red fuit rind extract with 0,25; 0,5; and 1 mg/g bodyweight dosage toward IL-1β, VEGF expression and implant area in endometriosis mice model. The design of this experiment was randomized post test only control group design.Endometrios mice model were made in 14 days and split into two group, positive control group and treatment group after two week negative control group and postive control group were given Na-CMC 0,5% solution consequetively, and treatment group were given dragon red fruit extract with different dosage. Signification number for IL-1β is p>0,05, signification number for VEGF is p>0,05, and implant area signification number is p>0,05. Administration of dragon red fruit rind extract can decrease IL-1β, VEGF, and implant area.

The Comparison of Ostecyte in the Pressure area and Tension area on Tooth Movement Because of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

DENTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Arya Barahmanta ◽  
Muhammad Faizal Winaris ◽  
Pambudi Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pressure Area

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Orthodontic tooth movement is a </em><em>interaction prosess</em><em> of resorption and deposition of bone remodeling. Orthodontic tooth movement by mechanical strength causes changes in alveolar bone. Osteocyte is an essential cell to respond bone remodelling. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy affects production of osteocyte because it can release Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Nitrid Oxide (NO).  <strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the difference number  of osteocyte in pressure and tension area during tooth movement by adjuvant of Hyperbaric Oxygen 2,4 ATA during 7 days starting on day 8 to day 14. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: This research used Completery Randomized Control Group Post Test Only Design. 36 cavia cobaya (male)  were divided into 3 groups randomly : the negative control groups, positive control group, and treatment group. Preparat staining used Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) and calculated on microscop 1000x with 20 field of view. Data analyses used one way ANOVA and LSD test then compared each area by using paired T test. <strong>Result:</strong> The data showed that the treatment group (P=10,67) tension area has the highest number of osteocyte than  negative control group (K-=3,67), positive control (K+=7,42). In the pressure area showed that negative control group (K-=5,00) has the highest  than positive control group (K+=3,83) and treatment (P=3,25). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therapy HBO 2,4 ATA 7 days starting on day 8 to day 14 is could increase osteocyte in the tissue to stimulate process of bone remodelling.</em></p><pre><strong> </strong></pre><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Hyperbaric Oxygen, Tooth movement, Bone remodeling, </em><em>Osteocyte</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Correspondence:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Arya Brahmanta</em><em>, Department of Orthodonty, Faculty of Dentistry, Hang Tuah University, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Surabaya, Phone 031-5945864, Email:</em><em> </em><a href="mailto:[email protected]"><em>arya.brahmanta</em><em>@</em><em>hangtuah.ac.id</em></a></p>

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