Fermentative Production of Mannosylerythritol Lipids using Sweetwater as Waste Substrate by Pseudozyma antarctica (MTCC 2706)

Abstract Mannosylerythritol lipids are glycolipid biosurfactants with promising industrial applications. However, their commercial production is hindered due to its high production cost. The current study investigates the use of sweetwater, a by-product of the fat-splitting industry in combination with soybean oil for the production of mannosylerythritol lipids using Pseudozyma antarctica (MTCC 2706). The optimum sweetwater and soybean oil concentration of 22% and 7% (w/v) yielded 7.52 g L–1and 21.5 g L–1 mannosylerythritol lipids at shake flask and fermenter level respectively. The structure and functional groups of mannosylerythritol lipids were confirmed by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Surfactant properties, such as surface tension, critical micelle concentration, foaming and emulsification of mannosylerythritol lipids were also explored.

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Bio-based polyhydroxyalkanoates blends and composites

Physical Sciences Reviews ◽

10.1515/psr-2020-0073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Samy A. Madbouly

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Functional Materials ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Production Method ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Wide Range ◽

High Production ◽

High Production Cost ◽

New Generation

Abstract Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are linear semicrystalline polyesters produced naturally by a wide range of microorganisms for carbon and energy storage. PHAs can be used as replacements for petroleum-based polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) in many industrial applications due to their biodegradability, excellent barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties. The overall industrial applications of PHAs are still very limited due to the high production cost and high stiffness and brittleness. Therefore, new novel cost-effective production method must be considered for the new generation of PHAs. One approach is based on using different type feedstocks and biowastes including food byproducts and industrial and manufacturing wastes, can lead to more competitive and cost-effective PHAs products. Modification of PHAs with different function groups such as carboxylic, hydroxyl, amine, epoxy, etc. is also a relatively new approach to create new functional materials with different industrial applications. In addition, blending PHA with biodegradable materials such as polylactide (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), starch, and distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is another approach to address the drawbacks of PHAs and will be summarized in this chapter. A series of compatibilizers with different architectures were successfully synthesized and used to improve the compatibility and interfacial adhesion between PHAs and PCL. Finer morphology and significantly improvement in the mechanical properties of PHA/PCL blends were observed with a certain type of block compatibilizer. In addition, the improvement in the blend morphology and mechanical properties were found to be strongly influenced by the compatibilizer architecture.

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A Short Review on Recent Development of Laccase Immobilization on Different Support Materials

Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources ◽

10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.01.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 02 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Norsyafiqah Amalina Ahmad Jafri ◽

◽

Roshanida A. Rahman ◽

Noorhalieza Ali ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Short Review ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Innovative Strategies ◽

Support Materials ◽

High Production ◽

Efficient Recovery ◽

High Production Cost ◽

Laccase Immobilization

Laccase is a bio catalytic agent and multi-copper enzyme containing oxidases that are potentially great for oxidizing large number of phenolic and non-phenolic compounds. However, drawbacks do arise when laccase use in large scale; low in stability, high production cost, non-reusability, sensitive towards denaturing and poor storage ability of free enzymes. These problems lead to the progress in laccase immobilization in order to facilitate the efficient recovery and re-use of the enzyme, thus enabling cost-effective in continuous processes. Apart from discussing on different methods in laccase immobilization such as entrapment, encapsulation and cross-linking in general, we have reviewed a recent development in laccase immobilization on different supports or carriers binding (natural and synthetic). Future works are recommended to focus on innovative strategies on the modified supports to improve the enzyme immobilization as well as sensible entrapment techniques for industrial applications.

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Novel Strategies for Upstream and Downstream Processing of Tannin Acyl Hydrolase

Enzyme Research ◽

10.4061/2011/823619 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Luis V. Rodríguez-Durán ◽

Blanca Valdivia-Urdiales ◽

Juan C. Contreras-Esquivel ◽

Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera ◽

Cristóbal N. Aguilar

Keyword(s):

Gallic Acid ◽

Downstream Processing ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Nonaqueous Media ◽

Tannery Effluents ◽

High Production ◽

High Production Cost ◽

Gallic Acid Esters

Tannin acyl hydrolase also referred as tannase is an enzyme with important applications in several science and technology fields. Due to its hydrolytic and synthetic properties, tannase could be used to reduce the negative effects of tannins in beverages, food, feed, and tannery effluents, for the production of gallic acid from tannin-rich materials, the elucidation of tannin structure, and the synthesis of gallic acid esters in nonaqueous media. However, industrial applications of tannase are still very limited due to its high production cost. Thus, there is a growing interest in the production, recovery, and purification of this enzyme. Recently, there have been published a number of papers on the improvement of upstream and downstream processing of the enzyme. These papers dealt with the search for new tannase producing microorganisms, the application of novel fermentation systems, optimization of culture conditions, the production of the enzyme by recombinant microorganism, and the design of efficient protocols for tannase recovery and purification. The present work reviews the state of the art of basic and biotechnological aspects of tannin acyl hydrolase, focusing on the recent advances in the upstream and downstream processing of the enzyme.

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RECOVERY OF POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES (PHAs) FROM BACTERIAL CELLS USING ENZYMATIC PROCESS

REAKTOR ◽

10.14710/reaktor.10.2.59-62 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

S. Marsudi

Keyword(s):

Production Cost ◽

Culture Broth ◽

Commercial Production ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Enzymatic Process ◽

Low Level ◽

High Production ◽

High Production Cost

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are intracellular material accumulated by several bacteria. Commercial production of PHAs faces the issue of high production cost especially substrate cost and recovery/separation cost. An alternative to reduce the production cost is to use enzyme and or chemical to recover PHAs from bacterial cells. Recovery of PHAs from bacterial cells was done using enzyme, chemical, and a mixture of enzyme and chemical. Enzyme (s) and or chemical(s) were added into culture broth to disrupt cells after adjusting pH and temperature of the culture broth. Treatment by adding enzyme or chemical only into culture broth showed a low level of PHAs recovered from bacterial cells. Treatment by adding a mixture of enzymes and chemicals showed the best result among 22 examined combinations, i.e. a mixture of EDTA, lisozyme, papain enzyme, and SDS. This combination gave a PHA recovery of 65 % w/w.

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Microbial polyhydroxybutyrate production by using cheap raw materials as substrates

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research ◽

10.30750/ijpbr.4.1.7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

pp. 57-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Mahitha ◽

R. Jaya Madhuri

Keyword(s):

Wheat Bran ◽

Production Cost ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Low Cost ◽

Research Work ◽

Orange Peel ◽

Environmental Friendliness ◽

Fermentative Production ◽

High Production ◽

High Production Cost

Bioplastic, Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is well known for it’s environmental friendliness and complete decomposition into water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms. The main drawback of PHB commercialization is it’s high production cost which is 10 times higher than that of synthetic plastic. So, the present research work mainly focussed on the fermentative production of PHB by Bacillus amyloliquifaciens and Nocardiopsis potens using low cost raw materials like Molasses, wheat bran, rice bran, ragi bran, jambul seed powder, orange peel and whey as substrates. Bacillus amyloliquifaciens and Nocardiopsis potens gives maximum PHB 16.5 µg/ ml and 26.8 µg/ ml respectively in the medium containing molasses and wheat bran as a substrates. Further the functional groups of extracted PHB were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

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A feedback controller for milling chatter vibration control using a new response matrix

Journal of Vibration and Control ◽

10.1177/1077546320988201 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107754632098820

Author(s):

Bashir B Muhammad ◽

Muhammad Bashir ◽

Mukhtar F Hamza ◽

Mustapha Abdulhadi ◽

Muhammad A Shehu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controller Design ◽

Industrial Process ◽

Milling Process ◽

Feedback Controller ◽

Response Matrix ◽

Chatter Vibration ◽

Active Feedback ◽

High Production ◽

High Production Cost ◽

Milling Chatter

A chatter mark is a result of irregular vibration that affects the milling process, which results in poor surface finish, reduced work quality, machine impairment, and high production cost. This work presents an active feedback controller design using a new response matrix to suppress the free vibration in the milling process. The proposed controller considers feed rate, tooth passing frequency, and time-varying dynamic milling force coefficients. A milling experiment verifies the effect of the proposed method. The method provides a reliable way of tackling chatter vibration in an industrial process. The procedure is technically and economically beneficial.

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DNA Marker-Assisted Selection for Improvement of Soybean Oil Concentration and Quality

Legume Crop Genomics ◽

10.1201/9781439822265.ch17 ◽

2004 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vincent Pantalone ◽

David Walker ◽

Ralph Dewey ◽

Istvan Rajcan

Keyword(s):

Soybean Oil ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Dna Marker ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Selection For

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Mechanical properties of bulk Sylgard 184 and its extension with silicone oil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98694-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

R. Moučka ◽

M. Sedlačík ◽

J. Osička ◽

V. Pata

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Test ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Oil Content ◽

Silicone Oil ◽

Polymer System ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Curing Temperature ◽

Rotational Rheometer ◽

Oil Concentration

AbstractDue to its simple curing and very good mechanical properties, Sylgard 184 belongs to the most widely and frequently used silicones in many industrial applications such as microfluidics and microengineering. On top of that its mechanical properties are further controllable through the curing temperature, which may vary from ambient temperature up to 200 °C; the lower the curing temperature the lower the mechanical properties (Johnston et al. in J Micromech Microeng 24:7, 2014. 10.1088/0960-1317/24/3/035017). However, certain specialised application may require even a softer binder than the low curing temperature allows for. In this study we show that this softening can be achieved with the addition of silicone oil into the Sylgard 184 system. To this end a series of Sylgard 184 samples with varying silicone oil concentrations were prepared and tested (tensile test, rotational rheometer) in order to determine how curing temperature and silicone oil content affect mechanical properties. Curing reaction of the polymer system was found to observe 2nd order kinetics in all cases, regardless the oil concentration used. The results suggest that within the tested concentration range the silicone oil addition can be used to soften commercial silicone Sylgard 184.

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Targeted analysis of phenolic compounds by LC-MS v1

10.17504/protocols.io.byhcpt2w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bashar Amer ◽

Ramu Kakumanu ◽

yangtian not provided ◽

Aymerick Eudes ◽

Edward EK Baidoo

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography ◽

Sample Matrix ◽

Targeted Analysis ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Phase Liquid

Cell-wall-bound (CWB) aromatics such as ferulate and p-coumarate play important physiological roles in plant development and response to stresses. Their presence also poses some challenges and opportunities during processing of plant biomass in various agro-industrial applications. To this end, we have developed a robust high-throughput reversed-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for quantifying CWB phenolic compounds. The method showed excellent linearity (R2 = ≥0.999) and intraday retention time repeatability (≤ 0.31 %RSD) for ferulate and p-coumarate. The limits of detection and quantitation for these analytes were ≤ 39 nM and 130 nM, respectively. Furthermore, there was very little effect of the CWB sample matrix on the retention times of the analytes and analyte percent recoveries from the CWB sample matrix was ≥83.91%.

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