scholarly journals Gender differentials in suicide mortality

Rev Rene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. e61520
Author(s):  
Isaac Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Thatiana Araujo Maranhão ◽  
Taynara Lais Silva ◽  
George Jó Bezerra Sousa ◽  
José Claudio Garcia Lira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Gender Differentials ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Lethal Means

Objective: to identify gender differences in suicide mortality in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: the deaths from suicide recorded in the Mortality Information System were analyzed. The Chi-square (x2) for independence and odds ratio tests were used. The time trend was evaluated by the Joinpoint method. Results: in the period studied there were 27,101 suicide deaths in the Northeast, with a predominance of the male gender (79.5%). Adolescent women, with high schooling, widows, and divorcees are more prone to suicide than men. The male gender is more likely to use firearms and hanging, while the female gender uses more smoke, fire and flames and self-intoxication to commit the act. The most significant increase in mortality was among men (3.1%; p<0.05). Conclusion: there was a greater prevalence and tendency to increase suicide among men, as they use more lethal means to commit the act compared to women.

scholarly journals Incidence of periodontal compromise in teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment: A clinical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Ricardo Machado ◽  
Monique Muniz da Cunha ◽  
Daniel Comparin ◽  
Leopoldo Cosme-Silva ◽  
Eduardo Donato Eing Engelke Back ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of teeth indicated for undergoing endodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and nine teeth were evaluated using probing depth tests at three vestibular and three palatine/lingual sites before the patients underwent treatment. Teeth that presented up to 3-mm probing depth were considered as healthy. Those that presented at least one site with probing depth >3 mm were considered periodontally compromised. The data were statistically analyzed by means of applying the Chi-square test, with a level of significance of 5%. Results: Of the total of 209 teeth evaluated, 40 (19.10%) presented periodontal compromise. There was statistically significant difference related to the compromised teeth of patients of the female gender (22.80%) compared with teeth of patients of the male gender (12.30%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fewer than 20% of the teeth evaluated presented a periodontal compromise. Patients of the female gender presented a higher number of periodontally compromised teeth than patients of the male gender.

Over a Third Of Donors Who Are Smaller Than Their Recipient Fail To Meet The CD34+ Cell Dose Requested For PBSC Transplantation

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4517-4517
Author(s):  
Annelies Billen ◽  
J. Alejandro Madrigal ◽  
Bronwen E. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Central Line ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cell Dose ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Donor Factors ◽  
The Impact

Background It is of clinical relevance to recognize donors who are unlikely to meet the requested stem cell dose for transplantation, as this group may benefit from an alternative mobilization regimen. This study was performed to evaluate the frequency of unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) collections that met the requested dose and the impact of donor factors on this. Methods All sequential PBSC collections facilitated by the national registry (n = 325) from January through December 2011 were analyzed. All donors were mobilized with lenograstim at 10 μg/kg/day subcutaneously ± 10%. G-CSF was administered for four consecutive days. If the CD34 target cell yield was not achieved after one day of apheresis, a further dose of G-CSF was given and a second collection performed (to a maximum of two aphereses). Apheresis was carried out in 1 of 4 collection centers using the COBE Spectra device. The standard collection time was 4 hours. Donor factors analyzed included age, gender, weight and presence of a central line. Results Donor characteristics are shown in table 1. The median cell dose requested was 4 x 106 CD34+cells/kg recipient weight (range 3-10). The median CD34 dose collected was 6.0 x 106/kg (range 0.44-156.7). 71% of requests were met after 1 day and 85% of requests were met after 2 days of collection. In univariate analysis, we found that donor weight (t-test, p< 0.001) and female gender (OR= 5.5; 95% CI 3, 9.8; chi square, p< 0.001) were significantly associated with not reaching the target yield. Any negative difference in weight between donor and recipient resulted in a higher chance of not meeting the requested dose (chi square, p< 0.005). Even a negative weight difference of 5 kg resulted in an odds ratio of not meeting the requested dose of 2.5 (95% CI 1.5, 4.1) after 1 day of collection and an odds ratio of 2 (95% CI 1.1, 3.8) after 2 days of collection. Age and having a central line in situ were not significantly associated with reaching the requested cell dose. All the above findings were valid both after 1 day and 2 days of collection. After stepwise binary logistic regression, gender (p < 0.001) and difference between donor and recipient weight (p = 0.001) remained significantly associated with target dose being met after 1 day of collection. There was a trend towards significance after 2 days of collection (p = 0.09). Interestingly, donor weight lost significance after adjusting for gender (p = 0.21). Poor mobilizers were defined as a mobilization of less than 2 x 106 CD34 cells per recipient weight. Female gender (OR = 5.7; 95% CI 2.1, 12.2; chi square, p < 0.001), donor weight (t-test, p< 0.001) and difference between donor and recipient weight (t-test, p < 0.001) were associated with poor mobilization. A donor that was more than 5 kg lighter than its recipient was significantly more at risk of being a poor mobilizer (OR: 5.7; 95% CI 2.2, 15; chi square, p < 0.001). Only the difference between donor and recipient weight remained significant after multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study shows than women and donors who are lighter than their recipient have a decreased likelihood of meeting the transplant physician's requested dose. Donors who are more than 5 kg lighter than their recipient are especially at risk. New strategies to improve mobilization in such donors are needed. Previous studies have shown that G-CSF administered every 12h at doses of 5 or 6 μg/kg provides better yields than 10 μg/kg once daily, without an increase in morbidity. A randomized trial comparing twice daily administration of G-CSF with the standard dose in groups at risk may be valuable. Studies investigating the use of novel agents (such as Plerixafor) could also be considered in donors at risk of poor mobilization. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Cláudio Rodrigues Leles ◽  
Augusto César Braz Hollanda ◽  
Marcelo Sampaio Moura ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Technical Quality ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of apical periodontitis in endodontically treated teeth in a selected population of Brazilian adults. A total of 1,372 periapical radiographs of endodontically treated teeth were analyzed based on the quality of root filling, status of coronal restoration and presence of posts associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Data were analyzed statistically using odds ratio, confidence intervals and chi-square test. The prevalence of AP with adequate endodontic treatment was low (16.5%). This percentage dropped to 12.1% in cases with adequate root filling and adequate coronal restoration. Teeth with adequate endodontic treatment and poor coronal restoration had an AP prevalence of 27.9%. AP increased to 71.7% in teeth with poor endodontic treatment associated with poor coronal restoration. When poor endodontic treatment was combined with adequate coronal restoration, AP prevalence was 61.8%. The prevalence of AP was low when associated with high technical quality of root canal treatment. Poor coronal restoration increased the risk of AP even when endodontic treatment was adequate (OR=2.80; 95%CI=1.87-4.22). The presence of intracanal posts had no influence on AP prevalence.

Vicinity of Schools, But Not of Residences, Seems to Regulate Physical and Sports Activities of 13-Year-Old Teenagers in a South European Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Magalhães ◽  
Elisabete Ramos ◽  
Maria Fátima Pina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sports Activities

Background:Proximity to urban green spaces (UGS) and open sports spaces (OSS) benefits health, promotes physical activity (PA) and sports practice (SP).Objective:Analyze the association between PA or SP according to distances between UGS or OSS and teenagers’ residences or schools.Methods:We evaluated 1333 (53.9% girls) teenagers (13 years old) living and studying in Porto, Portugal (EPITeen cohort). PA was classified as light or moderate/vigorous. Distances were the shortest routes from residences or schools to UGS/OSS, and classified in ≤250 m; >250 m to ≤500 m; >500 m to ≤750 m; >750 m. Chi-square test and chi-square for trends were used to compare proportions; associations were measured using logistic regression, through odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting to BMI and parental education.Results:Regarding vicinity’ of schools, the prevalence of moderate/vigorous PA among boys, decreases as distances to OSS increases. For girls, the prevalence of sports decreases as distances to UGS increase. For boys, we found an association between moderate/vigorous PA and proximity to OSS in the vicinity of schools: considering ≤250 m as reference, the odds of moderate/vigorous PA is 0.20 (0.06–0.63) for >250 m to ≤500 m; 0.21 (0.07–0.61) for >500 m to ≤750 m and 0.19 (0.06–0.58) for >750 m.Conclusion:Vicinities of schools seem to influence teenagers to be more physically active and increase sports participation.

Abstract 14920: Uric Acid is Neither the Risk Factor nor Prognostic Factor for 3-year Clinical Events in Vasospastic Angina Patients Regardless of Gender

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Ho Park ◽  
Seung Woon Rha ◽  
Ung Jun ◽  
Byoung Geol Choi ◽  
Se Yeon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Vasospastic Angina ◽  
Clinical Events

Background: It has been reported that a major cause of vasospastic angina is endothelial dysfunction of the coronary artery. However, it is controversial whether the uric acid level is associated with vasospastic angina, and can be a prognostic factor for vasospastic angina. Methods: A total 3828 patients (pts) underwent coronary angiography with acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test from Mar 2004 to Sep 2012 were enrolled. The definition of positive coronary artery spasm (CAS) was defined as transient luminal narrowing more than 70%. The uric acid level was categorized into 4 quartile groups; less than 3.8, 3.9~4.7, 4.8~5.7, and more than 5.8 mg/dL. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as the composite of recurrent chest pain, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular accident were valuated up to 3 years. Results: The follow-up rate was the 61.1% (2340/3828). There was no difference in uric acid level between negative and positive CAS groups in female gender but in male gender, uric acid level was higher in negative CAS group (Table 1). However, when adjusted by age, the difference was disappeared (OR, 0.965; 95% CI, 0.898-1.037; P-value, 0.335). The incidence of MACE was 11.1% in male gender and 8.6% in female gender. In male gender, the serum uric acid level between the groups with and without MACE was similar but in female gender, the uric acid level was higher in the group with MACE. However, when adjusted by age, uric acid was not associated with MACE (Table 2). Conclusions: In our study, uric acid was neither the risk factor nor prognostic factor for 3-year clinical events in CAS patients regardless of gender.

Abstract TP115: Carotid Endarterectomy in Young and Middle Aged Patients

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isibor J Arhuidese ◽  
Tammam Obeid ◽  
Besma Nejim ◽  
Kanhua Yin ◽  
Sophie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Cardiac Intervention

Introduction: The increasing prevalence and earlier onset of risk factors has resulted in an expanding population of younger patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in recent times. Outcomes after CEA are largely unreported in these patients. In this study, we evaluate 30-day postoperative outcomes after CEA in an exclusive cohort of young and middle aged patients. Methods: We studied all patients aged 64 years and younger, who underwent CEA in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) from January 2005 to December, 2013. Univariate methods (Chi Square, ttest) were employed to compare patients’ characteristics. Multivariate regression adjusting for patient characteristics was used to identify predictors of adverse outcomes. Results: There were 15830 CEA’s performed in this cohort with a mean age of 58 (S.D:5.1) years. The majority of patients were male (59%), Caucasian (85%) and hypertensive (81%). Nearly half (46%) were symptomatic. Overall, 266 (1.7%) patients suffered stroke in the 30 day post-operative period, while mortality and myocardial infarction rates were 0.6% and 0.4% respectively. The significant predictors of stroke or death were female gender (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.15-1.92; p=0.002), symptomatic status (OR: 1.69; 95%CI: 1.30-2.21; p<0.001), previous cardiac intervention (OR: 1.42; 95%CI: 1.04-1.93; p=0.026) and physical dependence (OR: 1.81; 95%CI: 1.16-2.82; p=0.01). The mean length of in-hospital stay was 3 (SD:5.6) days and complications within 30 days of surgery are shown in Table 1. Conclusions: Absolute stroke and mortality rates after CEA in young and middle aged patients are not different from those reported in the general population. Stroke and mortality are significantly higher in symptomatic, physically dependent patients and those with prior cardiac intervention. We recommend extra vigilance in the management of these patients in order to improve CEA outcomes.

Chronic physical stress differences between genders in a military training on the Amazon jungle

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Y.R. de Souza ◽  
F.B. Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to investigate the gender difference in the manifestation of physical stress in a strenuous military training on Amazon jungle, using alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) markers, measured before and after an adaptation to jungle training. The sample consisted of 49 military volunteers, 35 male and 14 female, recently moved to the Amazon region. All plasma levels rose after the training. Serum ALT (male and female) and AST (male and female), although borderline, remained within normal limits. Already plasma levels of CK (both male and female) and LDH (male and female) largely exceeded the normal range. The average of all markers listed in female gender remained below the levels of the male gender. However, significant differences in biomarkers ALT, AST and CK between genders were found. The study points out that, in a jungle environment, biometric markers ALT, AST, CK and LDH are efficient for monitoring chronic physical stress in both genders, when used in combination. The influence of the weather on the occurrence of physical stress in unacclimated people of both genders, and the lower responses in the levels of ALT, AST, LDH and CK in females were discussed basing on the scientific literature.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Tumor Ganas Payudara Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan RSUD Andi Makkasau Kota Parepare

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Nurul Magfirah ◽  
Haniarti ◽  
Rini Anggraeny
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chi Square

ABSTRAK Hasil pemeriksaan deteksi dini kanker payudara di Indonesia Tahun 2017 telah ditemukan 12.023tumor payudara, dan 3.079 curiga kanker payudara. Di antara 5 kanker yang paling sering dijumpai,kanker payudara tercatat mencapai 2,09 juta kasus. Untuk mencari faktor risiko tumor ganaspayudara seperti usia, riwayat melahirkan, riwayat menyusui, riwayat keluarga, riwayat menopause,dan riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal. Metode survei analitik dengan desain casecontrol dengan jumlah sampel 80 responden yang terbagi atas sampel kasus sebanyak 40 respondendan sampel kontrol sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah consecutivesampling dengan uji Chi-Square dan Odds Ratio. Faktor yang ditemukan sebagai faktor risikomeliputi usia (OR=19,0; CI95%=4,02-89,6), riwayat melahirkan (OR=2,17; CI95%=1,70-2,78),riwayat kanker dalam keluarga (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,28-31,1), riwayat menopause (OR=2,33;CI95%=1,78-3,05), riwayat pemakaian alat kontrasepsi hormonal (OR=6,33; CI95%=1,50-14,4),sedangkan riwayat menyusui tidak termasuk faktor risiko (OR=1,00; CI95%=0,39-2,50). Sebaiknyapeneliti selanjutnya melakukan uji multivariat, uji interaksi, dan confounding. Diharapkan petugaskesehatan melakukan penyuluhan tentang pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal ≥ 5 tahun yang dapatmeningkatkan kejadian tumor ganas payudara. Kata Kunci: Tumor Ganas Payudara, Umur, Melahirkan, Keluarga, Menopause, KB Hormonal

scholarly journals Trends of risk factors in coronary surgery

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 570-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogoljub Mihajlovic ◽  
Svetozar Nicin ◽  
Nada Cemerlic-Adjic ◽  
Katica Pavlovic ◽  
Slobodan Dodic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cabg Patients

Introduction. In current era of widespread use of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), it is debatable whether coronary artery by-pass graft (CABG) patients are at higher risk. Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate trends in risk profile of isolated CABG patients. Methods. By analysing the EuroSCORE and its risk factors, we reviewed a consecutive group of 4675 isolated CABG patients, operated on during the last 8 years (2001-2008) at our Clinic. The number of PCI patients was compared to the number of CABG patients. For statistical analyses, Pearson?s chi-square and ANOVA tests were used. Results. The number of PCI increased from 159 to 1595 (p<0.001), and the number of CABG from 557 to 656 (p<0.001). The mean EuroSCORE increased from 2.74 to 2.92 (p=0.06). The frequency of the following risk factors did not change over years: female gender, previous cardiac surgery, serum creatinine >200?mol/l, left ventricular dysfunction and postinfarct ventricular septal rupture. Chronic pulmonary disease, neurological dysfunction, and unstable pectoral angina declined significantly (p<0.001). Critical preoperative care declined from 3.1% in 2001 to 0.5 % in 2005, than increased and during the last 3 years did not change (2.3%). The mean age increased from 56.8 to 60.7 (p<0.001) and extracardiac arteriopathy increased from 9.2% to 22.9% (p<0.001). Recent preoperative myocardial infarction increased from 11% to 15.1% (p=0.021), while emergency operations increased from 0.9% to 4.0% (p=0.001). Conclusion. The number of CABG increases despite the enlargement of PCI. The risk for isolated CABG given by EuroSCORE increases over years. The risk factors, significantly contributing to higher EuroSCORE are: older age, extracardiac arteriopathy, recent myocardial infarction and emergency operation.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Amount of Lifting Burden With Fatigue Levels of the Workers In Bulog Warehouse at Dasan Cermen Mataram

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 047-050
Author(s):  
Mulya Tarmidi
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Heavy Burden

Every worker lift burden differently due to physical condition and age of the workers so the researchers wanted to see whether there was a correlation between the  amount of weight lifted with the level of fatigue of the workers. The research purposes was to identify the correlation be- tween the amount of weight lifted and the level of fatigue in workers in the warehouse Bulog Dasan Cermen Mataram 2015. This research was analytic survey research, Cross Sectional want to raise the amount of weight lifted relationship with the level of fatigue of the worker carried out once the observations within a specified period or one time. The study population was all worker of Bulog Warehouse as many as 35 people. Based on the test tool Pearson Chi-Square was obtained was obtained p = 0.005 <a 0.05 (significant). The total Weight Appointed With Fatigue Level Workers In Bulog Warehouse At Dasan Cermen Mataram had significant correlation. With the value of the odds ratio = 7.778, which meant someone who had a heavy burden had seven times greater risk of causing fatigue.

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