The Potential of Cnidoscolus chayamansa Alchoholic Leaves Extract as Hypolipidemia Agent

Cardiovascular disease caused by hyperlipidemia is the highest case in term of fatality of non-infectious disease in Indonesia. Cnidoscolus chayamansa is well known as a herb that has nutraceutical potential for medicine and likely as a hypolipidemia agent. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the optimal dose of C. chayamansa as a candidate to treat cardiovascular diseases. A total of 30 white rats were acclimatized in the laboratory for 14 days. After that, the rats were grouped into six groups, randomly, which including a healthy control group (K0), a negative control group or hyperlipidemic rats (K-), a positive control group or hyperlipidemia-induced rats that was supplemented with atorvastatin (K+), then a hyperlipidemic rats treated with alcoholic extract of C. chayamansa leaves at doses of 100 mg /kgBB /day for K1, 200 mg/ kgBB/ day for K2 and 400 mg/ KgBB/ day for K3. The results showed that K3 treatment is the most effective and optimum dose for lowering total cholesterol level at 76.81±1.10 mg/dl, triglycerides 72.39±1.66 mg/dl and LDL-C at 21.47±0.58 mg/dl. The aortic histology assessment also showed that the K- group had putative thrombus or plaque in intima, and it was not found in other groups. This research focused on the optimum dose and new usage of C. chayamansa, as an anti-inflammatory in atherosclerosis. By understanding the optimum dose of C. chayamansa, the community can apply and control the herb consumption for their own therapeutic properties. For future application, the herb is potentially developed as anti-atherogenic medicine.

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Protection Effectiveness Of Bit (Beta vulgaris) Fruit Extract In Maintaining Spermatogenesis Ability In White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Induced Carbon Tetracloride (CCl4)

Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary ◽

10.20473/jbmv.v10i2.31812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Alvyan Lantang Anugrah ◽

Hana Eliyani ◽

Budi Utomo ◽

Suherni Susilowati ◽

Maslichah Mafruchati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Sertoli Cells ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Extract ◽

Beet Root ◽

White Rats

The aim of this research was to know whether beetroot (Beta Vulgaris) extract could protect spermatogenesis by maintaining spermatogenic and sertoli cell count in rats (Rattus novergicus) induced with CCl4. Rats were given beetroot extract daily, for 14 days and 3ml/kg BW CCl4 intraperitoneally one hour after last treatment. This study used twenty rats which were devided equally into 5 groups. K(-), the negative control group was not induced with CCL4 and only given 1% CMC-Na suspension. K(+), the positive control group was induced with CCl4 and given 1% CMC-Na suspension. P1, P2 and P3 were given beet root extract with doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW daily before feeding. All of the beetroot treatment were given orally (2 ml). After 24 hours CCl4 induction, rats were sacrificed and testis were collected to make histology slides. The observations showed significantly different (p<0,05) in all of variables. Result showed significant differences in spermatogenic and sertoli cells between K(-) and K(+) groups, K(+) with P2 and P3 group, and showed insignificant difference between P2 and P3 group in spermatogenic and sertoli cells. The result of this research showed that beetroot extract could protect the spermatogenic and sertoli cells in male rats induced with CCl4.

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF WHITE RATS LIVER AFTER GIVING ANT NEST EXTRACT DUE TO INDUCED PARACETAMOL TOXIC DOSE

Buletin Veteriner Udayana ◽

10.24843/bulvet.2019.v11.i01.p03 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

I Made Merdana ◽

I Made Kardena ◽

Ketut Budiasa ◽

I Made Dodi Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Rat Liver ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Toxic Dose ◽

White Rats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ant Nest ◽

Histopathologic Changes

This study aim was to determine the influence ant nest plant extract (Myrmecodia pendans) on histopathological changeof white rat liver (Rattus novergicus) due to induced with paracetamol toxic dose. This study used 24 male white rats, divided into four groups, negative control group (P0) given placebo, positive control group (P1) given paracetamol dose 250 mg / kg bw for 10 days, P2 given ant nest extract 250 mg / kg bw and paracetamol dose 250 mg / kg bw for 10 days, P3 given ants nest extract 250 mg / kg bw for seven days, then continued by giving paracetamol and ants nest extract with dose 250 mg / kg bw for ten days. After the treatment done, all the rats were dinecropsed. Liver organs were taken and processed for making histopathology preparations. Parameters examined included hemorrhage, congestion, degeneration and necrosis. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by using Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test. Mann Whitney test results for all categories of histopathologic changes in hemorrhagic, congestion, degeneration, and necrosis between negative control group (P0) and positive control group (P1) were significantly different (P <0.05), between negative control (P0) with P2 and P3 there was no significant difference (P> 0,05). Afterward, between the positive control (P1) and P2 with P3 there was a significant difference (P <0.05). I can be concludedthat the administration of paracetamol dose 250 mg/kg bw for 10 days affects the histopathologic changes of white rat liver. The administration of ant nest plant extracts can reduce the side effects of toxic doses of paracetamol.

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Pengaruh Kitosan Terhadap Jumlah Osteoklas dan Osteoblas Pada Tikus Galur Wistar Model Menopause

Journal of Islamic Medicine ◽

10.18860/jim.v1i2.4456 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 76-87

Author(s):

Muhammad Nur

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Total Sample ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Positive Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

White Rats ◽

Significant Difference

Chitosan is one of the most abundant and dispersed polymers in nature. It has a rapid healing effect for tissues and has an effect on bone remodeling. The purpose of this study was to prove that giving chitosan influenced the decrease of osteoclast number and increasing number of osteoblasts in female mice of wistar strain of ovariectomy menopause model.This study used a posttest only control group design. The total sample of 30 rats divided into three groups was randomized, osteoporosis was made with the menopausal model which was performed ovariectomy in the positive control group and the treatment group then in the treatment group was given chitosan extract of single dose of 45 mg / day via Nasogastric Tube (NGT). K1 was a negative control group (without ovariectomy and without chitosan), K2 was a positive control group (with no chitosan ovariectomy), K3 was the treatment group (ovariectomy and chitosan 45 mg / day).The results showed significant differences in the number of osteoblasts between K1 and K3, K2 with K3, and no significant differences were found in the K1 group with K2. While the number of osteoclasts showed that there were significant differences in K1 group with K2 and no significant difference was found in K1 group with K3, K2 with K3.Conclusions in this study showed that 45 mg / day of chitosan doses could significantly increase osteoblast counts in menopause female white rats and decrease the number of osteoclasts performed by ovariectomy with chitosan administration.

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Efficacy of Topical Coffee Paste to Collagen Density in Wistar Rats Incision Wound

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v2i1.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

Debby Handayati Harahap ◽

Fifa Argentina ◽

Yuli Kurniawati ◽

Citra Tresna Murti ◽

Yudha Dwi Satrio

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Design Research ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Average Difference ◽

White Rats ◽

Collagen Density ◽

Animal House

Background :Collagen plays a very important role in humans at every stage of wound healing. Coffee contains many antioxidants that stimulate the formation of collagen dermis by increasing the production of Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinas-1 in the dermis that serves to inhibit the breakdown of collagen. This study aims to determine the efficacy of topical pasta coffee to collagen density. Methods: Experimental Laboratories Study with pre and post test controlled group design research was undertaken from September to November 2017 at Animal House and Dyatnitalis Laboratory, Palembang. 30 male white rats of wistar strain were divided into 5 groups then performed 2 cm dermal incision and giving various concentration of coffee paste. On the day 0 and 5th after coffee paste, the percentage of collagen density is checked. The efficacy of coffee paste was analyzed by Paired T Test/Wilcoxon while the comparison of efficacy was analyzed by Independent T Test / Mann Whitney then continued with One Way ANOVA Test and Tukey test. Data analysis using SPSS version 18.0. Results: There was an average difference of percentage level of collagen density before and after vitamin C (p = 0,003), coffee paste 20% (p = 0,043), coffee paste 40% (p = 0,045) and coffee paste 80% (p = 0,011) . In addition, there was an average difference of percentage of collagen density between negative control group with positive control group and 40% coffee paste. From the results of Post Hoc test results showed that there was a difference of percentage of collagen density of negative control group with coffee paste group 40%. Conclusion: There is efficacy of topical coffee paste on collagen density in various concentrations where the highest increase of collagen density is 246,96% after coffee paste 40%. Keyword: Coffee Pasta, Collagen, Injured Incision, Vitamin C

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Percepatan Penutupan Luka Sayat pada Tikus Putih Akibat Pemberian Perasan Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)

Jurnal Pharmascience ◽

10.20527/jps.v8i1.9333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Elisabeth Natalia Barung ◽

Rifny Wungow ◽

Donald Emilio Kalonio

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Accelerate Wound Healing ◽

White Rats ◽

Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽

Incision Wound

Rimpang Temulawak atau Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb. adalah tanaman yang dikenal luas oleh masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional. Rimpang temulawak mengandung kurkumin dan xanthorrizzol, yang diketahui mampu mempercepat penutupan luka di kulit dan juga memiliki efek antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui efektifitas perasan rimpang temulawak terhadap percepatan penutupan luka sayat pada tikus putih. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, dengan subyek 10 ekor tikus putih yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok yang diberi perasan temulawak dan kelompok kontrol negatif yang tidak diberi perlakuan. Data dikumpulkan dengan mengukur panjang luka tikus menggunakan alat ukur penggaris dan dihitung persentasi penutupan luka. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear dan nilai slope (b) dinyatakan sebagai kecepatan penutupan luka. Hasil penelitian ini, menunjukan bahwa rimpang temulawak mampu mempercepat penutupan luka sayat sebesar 15,262%/hari dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak diberi perlakuan sebesar 13,54%/hari. Kata Kunci: Perasan Rimpang Temulawak, Luka Sayat, Percepatan Penutupan Luka, Sediaan Sederhana, Obat Tradisional Indonesia Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. is a plant that is widely known by the community as traditional medicine. The rhizome of C. xanthorrhiza contains curcumin and xanthorrhizol, which are known to be able to accelerate wound healing on the skin and also has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of C. xanthorriza rhizome on the acceleration of incision wound healing on white rats. This study was an experimental study, with 10 white rat subjects divided into two treatment groups, namely the treatment group which was given by C. xanthorriza rhizome and the negative control group that was not treated. Data were collected by measuring rat wound length using a ruler and calculating the percentage of wound healing. By using linear regression analysis and the value of the slope (b) is expressed as the acceleration of wound healing. The results of the study showed that C. xanthorrhiza rhizome was able to accelerate incision wound healing by 15.262% / day compared to the untreated group of 13.54% / day.

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Immunomodulator Effect of Lemongrass Extract (Cymbopogon nardus L.) to Increase Immune Cells as a Precaution Against SARS-CoV-2

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v4i2.26619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Putri Ayu Ika Setiyowati ◽

Rofiatun Solekha ◽

Sri Bintang Sahara Mahaputra Kusuma Negara ◽

Reny Rosalina

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Skin Injury ◽

Treatment Groups

Introduction: In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used. Methods: The method used observasional analytic, using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C, weight 25-30 gram, divided into 5 groups; the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of 0.05% CMC within 14 days, negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days, treatment groups were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw, 150 mg/kg bw, and 300 mg/kg bw. In day 21 all group were injected with 0,2 ml of pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day, 14th day, and 21th day. Results: The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw , but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal test.

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The bone strengthening effects of propolis in ovariectomized female white rats as models for postmenopause

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.2478/cipms-2021-0025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Ayu Juwita ◽

Almahdy Almahdy ◽

Rahmad Abdillah ◽

Fiony Syahputri

Keyword(s):

Bone Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats

Abstract Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased quality and strength of bones so that it becomes porous and fracture. Propolis is known to have many pharmacological activity, including an anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis administration and the effects of propolis dosage variation in preventing osteoporosis based on the strength value of femur bone impact in female white rats in the form of an ovariectomy postmenopausal model. The rats were divided into 5 groups: positive control group (subjected to ovariectomy), negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy, and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, dose 360 mg/kg BW and dose 720 mg/kg BW. Propolis was administered orally for 30 days. Bone impact strength testing was undertaken after 30 days using an impact testing machine. Research data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. From the test results, we noted that propolis administration had an effect on the value of bone strength, with the dose of 720 mg/kg BW and 360 mg/kg BW having a significant effect, compared with others. With an increase in dose, propolis can provide an increase in the value of bone strength in rat bones.

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Efek Protektif Jus Buah Nanas (Ananas Comosus (l.) Merr.) Terhadap Kadar Enzim SGOT dan SGPT Mencit (Mus Musculus L) Jantan Yang Dipapari Tuak Lokal Lombok

Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Ternate ◽

10.32763/juke.v13i1.182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Ari Khusuma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Palm Wine ◽

White Rats ◽

Alcoholic Drinks

Traditional alcoholic drinks are made traditionally or conventionally and simply packed. One of the traditional alcoholic drinks in Indonesia and commonly consumed is Tuak (Palm wine). Several indigenous communities in Lombok have fermented drinks popularly known as Tuak or Arak. Palm sap which is the basic ingredient in making palm wine containing alcohol. The most common liver diseases due to alcohol abuse include fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Ethanol metabolism in liver cells can cause an increase in the production of free radicals with various mechanisms so that oxidative stress will damage liver tissue. The supply of pineapple can prevent and repair liver damage due to oxidative stress processes, especially those caused by alcohol. Markers of liver damage are SGOT and SGPT enzymes. This research is a true experiment. The total number of experimental animals used was 21 individuals, negative control rats were only given standard feed, positive control rats were given palm wine without pineapple extract and treatment group were given palm wine and pineapple extract. Palm wine and pineapple were given together with standard feed for 14 days and on day 15th, the blood of the rats was taken to check the levels of SGOT and blood SGPT. The results showed the average SGOT enzyme levels in the negative control group 117.85 U / L, in the positive control group 126.14 U / L, and the treatment group 110.71 U / L. ANOVA test shows SGOT levels of white rats have significant differences in the experiments conducted (p <0.05). Examination of SGPT enzyme levels in the negative control group obtained an average yield of 25.42 U / L, positive control 30.42 U / L, and treatment 29.14 U / L. The ANOVA test results of SGPT levels in white rats show significant differences in the experiments conducted (p <0.05).

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Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Wistar

Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma ◽

10.30742/jikw.v9i1.664 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

I Made Subhawa Harsa

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

White Rats ◽

Wistar Strain

Wound refers to partly damage or loss of body tissue. One way that has been used by the people in helping the process of wound healing is the use of medicinal plants, such as gotu kola (Centella asiatica). Gotu kola (Centella asiatica) is kind of plant that found almost in all territories of Indonesia which functions as a cell revitalizing substance which quickens wound healing those are burnt, skin ulcer and to prevent keloid. This study is aimed to know the effect of giving gotu kola leaf extract (Centella Asiatica) against to the healing of the wound incision on male white rats (Rattus Norvegicus) wistar strain. This study is a pure experimental research using the randomized post test only control group design with the subjects are 30 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain that were divided into 3 groups, namely K1, K2, and K3. The incision wound were made on the back of all white rat in each group with a length of ± 2 cm and a depth of ± 2 mm. The wound in the negative control group (K1) was not given any substance; in the positive control group (K2) was given povidone iodine 10%; and in the treatment group (K3) was given gotu kola leaf extract at a dose of 37,5 mg/150 grBB. The study was done for 10 days. Furthermore, wound observation and monitoring is held. Then the results were processed by using One Way ANOVA. The result study of wound incision healing on male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain shows that there is significant difference among the negative control group (K1), the positive control group (K2), and the treatment group (K3) on One Way ANOVA test which significant p-value are 0,027 (p < 0.05). The result of Post-Hoc LSD test also shows a significant differences among the K1 and K3 groups, and K2 and K3 groups which significant p-values are 0,011 and 0,038 (p < 0,05). From these results, it can be concluded that gotu kola leaf extract (Centella asiatica) effective on quickens wound healing of the wound incision on male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain.

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The Effect Of Giving Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Extract On Spermatozo Motility In White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Line With High Fat Induction

Biomedical Journal of Indonesia: Jurnal Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya ◽

10.32539/bji.v6i3.232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 51-62

Author(s):

Kirani Nuranisa ◽

Cut Fauziah ◽

Yuli Suciati

Keyword(s):

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

University Education ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

White Rats ◽

Group I ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Hylocereus Polyrhizus

Hyperlipidemia is a condition when high level of blood lipids and causes morphologicalchanges in spermatozoa. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) is one of the plantsas a source of antioxidants and has unsaturated fat content that is needed in thespermatozoa maturation process. The aims of this the study is to determine the benefitsof red dragon fruit extract on the motility of white rat spermatozoa (Rattus norvegius)induced by high-fat diet. The study is design by true experimental research andresearch only testing group design. This research conducted in the Pharmacology andTherapy Laboratory, Padjajaran University Education Hospital, in January 2020 usingwhite rats, male . ± 8 weeks wistar strains weighing ± 200-250. The study sample wasdivided into several groups such group I as a control, group II as a negative control,group III as positive group with simvastatin dose 0.72 mg / day, group IV as researchgroup 1 using red dragon fruit extract dose of 60 mg / 200 grBB / day for 52 days, andgroup V as group 2 therapy using dragon fruit extract dose of 60 mg / 200grBB / dayfor 104 days. The results showed that the mean percentage of motility of ratspermatozoa increased in the relief group with the supplement of red dragon fruitextract by dosing of 60 mg / 200 grBB / day for 104 days, or 51, 2%. This studyconclude that red dragon fruit has a superior effectivity better than simvastatin inincreasing the motility of spermatozoa.

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