scholarly journals COMPARISON OF MACERATION AND ULTRASONICATION METHODS ON INDIGOFERA TINCTORIA LINN LEAF EXTRACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati ◽  
Tomy Kurniawan ◽  
Nindya I. Kusumawardani ◽  
Rahmah P. Sari
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria ◽  
Solvent Acidity

The extraction of Indigofera Tinctoria Linn leaf into natural dyes was studied using two methods: maceration and ultrasonication. Other variables tested were the differences in the degree of solvent acidity used: neutral, alcoholic, acid and base. The yield and the dye strength measured by the absorbance are response to the change of those variables. The better yields were obtained from ultrasonication method compared to the maceration one. The highest yield was shown in the result of maceration method at neutral condition, 2.3%, while in ultrasonic method was at alcoholic condition 13%. The acidity of the solvent affects the resulted colour. By using maceration method and the neutral condition produced dark blue, the acid solvent produced a grey dye, the alkaline produced a greenish dye and the alcoholic produced a brownish dye. With the aid of ultrasonication, blue dye was generated on the use of neutral, acid and alcoholic solvents, whereas brownish was on alkaline solution.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr(VI), Pb(II) Ions and Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution using Pristine and Modified Coral Limestone

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2624-2632
Author(s):  
C.S. Nkutha ◽  
N.D. Shooto ◽  
E.B. Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Modified Adsorbents

This work reports the feasibility of using pristine and chemically modified coral limestones by acid and base. Their potential adsorptive capabilities is probed by treatment of toxic Cr(VI), Pb(II) ions and methylene blue in aqueous solution under different experimental parameters by batch method. Parameters such as agitation time, concentration, temperature and pH were varied to understand the sorption behaviour of the adsorbents in each case. The adsorbents were characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. Morphological analysis by SEM micrographs show that the surface of all adsorbents was irregular in nature. XRD spectra confirmed the orthorhombic structure of aragonite in the pristine coral limestones (PCL), acid modified coral limestones (ACL) and base modified coral limestones (BCL). FTIR results affirmed the presence of (CO3 2-) and (-C=O) groups of the carbonate ions and Ca-O attachment to the surface of PCL and removal of CaCO3 characteristic peaks in ACL and BCL. However, in the modified adsorbents shifting of Ca-O peaks occurred. The recorded maximum adsorption capacities of PCL, ACL and BCL for Cr(VI) ions were 69.42, 65.04, 64.88 mg/g, Pb(II) ions 39.36, 74.11, 78.34 mg/g and methylene blue 37.24, 46.28, 46.39 mg/g, respectively. The uptake of Pb(II), Cr(VI) ions, methylene blue onto PCL fitted Freundlich model. Also the uptake of Cr(VI) ions and methylene blue onto ACL and BCL fitted Freundlich isotherm. However, uptake of Pb(II) ions onto both ACL and BCL fitted Langmuir isotherm. The data revealed that the adsorption of Pb(II) ions onto PCL and ACL and methylene blue dye onto PCL was exothermic. Whilst the adsorption of Cr(VI) ions onto PCL, ACL and BCL and methylene blue dye onto ACL and BCL were endothermic in nature, hence increasing the temperature would enhance the uptake of Pb(II) ions onto BCL, Cr(VI) ions onto ACL and BCL and methylene blue onto ACL and BCL. The obtained (ΔGº) values at all studied temperatures for the adsorption of Pb(II), Cr(VI) ions and methylene blue onto PLC, ACL and BCL indicated a spontaneous process.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization, Stability and Cytotoxicity of a Blue Dye Obtained from Genipap Fruit (Genipa americana L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Verly de Miranda Sabino ◽  
Bárbara Janaína Paula da Silva ◽  
Danielle Lima Bezerra de Menezes ◽  
Felipe Moura Araújo da Silva ◽  
Tatiane Pereira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
The Stability

Research background. The current commercial scenario indicates an increase in the demand for natural dyes. Compared to synthetic dyes, natural ones have the advantage of being sustainable, making them of great interest for the food and cosmetic industries. The development of new natural dyes is necessary, as well as the carrying out of complementary research regarding the existing ones. Experimental approach. The present study aimed to characterize the chemical and physicochemical characteristics of the dehydrated endocarp of the genipap (Genipa americana) fruit, as well as performing the relevant stability and cytotoxicity tests. The chemical characterization was performed by LC/MS/MS analyses. The stability studies were carried out by spectrophotometry and cytotoxicity assays using cell culture and fluorometric methods. Results and conclusions. After dehydration and milling of the fruit's endocarp, a powder was obtained, which with 20 % water was used to extract the dye. Five compounds were elucidated using HPLC-MS and confirmed the presence of the geniposide as its main compound. Via the X-ray diffraction test and electron microscopy analysis, it was possible to describe the powder obtained as being amorphous and of porous structure with a variable size, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated a maximum loss of 61 % mass after exposure to a temperature range of 240 °C to 760 °C. The obtained blue dye showed to be stable in the absence of light, at room temperature and presented neutral pH. In the cytotoxicity assay, 95.05±1.33 % of viable human fibroblast were observed after exposure to this dye. The genipap fruit can be a viable alternative for the obtention of natural blue dye, since it is easy to obtain and has very low toxicity for food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries. Novelty and scientific contribution. This study demonstrates for the first time the physicochemical and biological properties of a natural blue dye from G. americana fruit.

scholarly journals Decolorization and Degradation of Reactive Blue Dye Used in Jute and Textile Industries by a Newly Isolated Bacillus sp.

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
Maximum Decolorization

For biodegradation of reactive dyes used in jute and textile industries, bacteria were isolated from a dyeing mill effluent. Bacteria having a remarkable ability to decolorize and degrade reactive dye were screened by using dye Reactive Dark Blue WR (RDB-WR). Cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics were observed, and based on these seven isolates having higher decolorizing capability was identified. Among these isolates, one of the prominent dye decolorizing isolates Bacillus sp. was taken for decolorization study. Under different physicochemical conditions, decolorization and degradation capabilities of Bacillus sp. were optimized by using RDB-WR, a dye commonly used in the jute and textile industries. This bacterium decolorized and grew well up to 500 mg L-1 of RDB-WR. Bacillus sp. showed significant decolorization approximately 86% at 200 mg L-1 of RDB-WR after 96 h of incubation. Optimum degradation of dye was achieved at 37 °C. Maximum decolorization was observed at pH 7.0 under static conditions. The study confirmed the potential of Bacillus in the biodegradation of Reactive Dark Blue WR. This bacterial isolate might be prospective in the biological treatment of dyeing mill effluents due to the high extent of decolorization.

scholarly journals A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE BLUE DYE T-1824 IN PLASMA

1943 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Allan Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Absorption Of Light ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dye Absorption

A method for the estimation of the concentration of the blue dye, T-1824, in plasma has been developed. The method is based on the fact that the dye can be reduced to a colorless compound by Na2S2O4, in alkaline solution. The extinction coefficient is determined under specified conditions before and after reduction of the dye. Under the conditions employed hemoglobin does not interfere, even if partly present as HbCO or as methemoglobin; the absorption of light by the hemoglobin is the same before and after reduction of the dye. Absorption of light by suspended lipids and plasma pigments is also unaltered by the Na2S2O4. Hence variations from sample to sample in hemolysis or degree of lipemia do not affect the accuracy with which T-1824 is determined.

Adsorption Kinetic Study of Reactive Dyes on Silk with Octyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Accelerant

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhong ◽  
Gang Xian Zhang ◽  
Feng Xiu Zhang ◽  
Xu Ting Xue
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Red Dye ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Dark Blue

The dyeing accelerating effect of octyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (OTAB) on dyeing silk with reactive red dye B-3BF, reactive yellow dye B-4RFN and reactive dark blue dye B-2GLN was studied in this paper. The dye-uptake rates increased with increasing concentration of OTAB, and the highest dye-uptake rates of three reactive dyes were 91~98%. The adsorption kinetics of dyeing process at different temperatures was also investigated by using pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models. The results showed that adsorption rates increased with increasing temperature. The adsorption kinetics of three reactive dyes on silk with OTAB as accelerant was found to follow the pseudo second-order sorption kinetics equation. The activation energy of reactive red dye B-3BF, reactive yellow dye B-4RFN and reactive dark blue dye B-2GLN dyeing on silk with OTAB as accelerant were found to be 26.91, 17.31, 6.99 kJ/mol, respectively.

scholarly journals TANAMAN TARUM ( Indigofera tinctoria Linn. ) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ZAT PEWARNA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Yenni Asbur
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Textile Dyes ◽  
Natural Dye ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Environmental Compatibility ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria

Indonesia is known as a country with high biodiversity in the world. Plenty of beneficial-rich plants grow in Indonesia as a country that has tropical climate, one of the plant is tarum (Indigofera tinctoria Linn.). Tarum is a natural dye-producing plant whose presence is not widely known. The development of human needs, especially in meeting the needs of natural dyes, is considered to be the main reason for reintroducing tarum as a suitable plant to grow in Indonesia. The use of natural dyes in addition to being safe for humans is also safe for the environment, considering the substances produced by the tarum plant are widely used as textile dyes. Good enough environmental compatibility makes this plant actually spread in many parts of Indonesia, especially in Java. It is necessary to possess a knowledge about the right cultivation techniques for tarum plants in an effort to increase the color-producing substances in plants. The attempts to obtain information about cultivation techniques are an opportunity to re-raise these plants to be better known and developed as potential plants.

Dyeing Properties of Gardenia Yellow, Lac Dye and Sodium Copper Chlorophyll for Wool

2014 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yan Juan Chen ◽  
Meng Xue Xu
Keyword(s):  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Dyeing Properties ◽  
Wool Fabrics ◽  
Lac Dye ◽  
Dyeing Parameters ◽  
Color Depth

The dyeing of wool fabrics with three different natural dyes, gardenia yellow, lac dye and sodium copper chlorophyll was studied, and the important dyeing parameters such as pH of dyebath, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time were discussed. The good results were achieved when the dyeing was conducted at 90 °C for 60 min in a weakly acidic medium for gardenia yellow and lac dye, and under a neutral condition for sodium copper chlorophyll. In addition, the dyed and mordanted wool fabrics had higher color depth values, darker shades, and better color fastness than the dyed and unmordanted samples.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT OF SOLUTION ACID AND BASES LEVEL MACROSCIOPIC and MICROCOSPIC CLASS XI SMA Negeri 1 Batu

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardian Trio Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Macroscopic Level ◽  
School Year ◽  
Data Collecting ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Written Test ◽  
Implementation Stage

This research is descriptive. The population in this study is the student 'SMA Negeri 1 Batu, while the study sample represented students randomly by class XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Batu 2011/2012 school year. Type of instruments used in the form of a written test in the form of an objective with five alternative answers. Technique of data collecting is done through two phases: preparation and implementation stage. From the results of research conducted a few conclusions obtained are: (1) Understanding the concept of acid and alkaline solution student 'SMA Negeri 1 Batu at the macroscopic level are classified as good by 84% the percentage of comprehension, (2) Understanding the concept of acid and alkaline solution of XI class students SMA Negeri 1 Batu IPA at the microscopic level considered adequate by 64% the percentage of comprehension, and (3) There is a relationship between students' understanding of the concept of macroscopic with microscopic students' understanding of concepts in a solution of acid and base material because rhitung ? rtabel.

scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Responses of Indigofera tinctoria L. to Light Intensity

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 00013
Author(s):  
Desy Setyaningrum ◽  
Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti ◽  
Bambang Pujiasmanto ◽  
Djoko Purnomo ◽  
Supriyono Supriyono
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria

Synthetic dyes can cause health and environmental impacts. Thus, there are opportunities to develop natural dyes, one of which is produced by Indigofera tinctoria plants. This plant is from Fabaceae that has the potential to produce a natural blue color. Natural dyes are extracted from the leaves of plants that contain indigo compounds. Indigo growth and precursors are very dependent on environmental conditions, one of which is light intensity. This study aimed to study the morphological and physiological plant responses in I. tinctoria to several levels of light intensity. The research was conducted in Puron Village, Sukoharjo, Indonesia with a complete randomized block design (RCBD) one factor, namely the level of light intensity (100 %, 50 %, and 25 %) with nine replications. Light intensity affected the morphology and physiology of I. tinctoria. Plants responded to low light intensity by increasing the leaf area index, specific leaf area and plant height. Leaf area, specific leaf area and plant height were highest at 25 % intensity. However, the number of leaves and nodes got greater at full light intensity. Higher light intensity increased the chlorophyll content a, b and total, thus, higher biomass yield which was 18.86 g at the age of 8 wk.

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