scholarly journals Verslo organizacijos informacinės aplinkos tyrimas

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Renata Matkevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Open System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Organizational Orientation ◽  
Organizational Activities ◽  
Definition Of

Šiandienė visuomenė ir rinka iš organizacijų reikalauja ne tik kokybiškų produktų ir paslaugų, tačiau ir gebėjimo suvokti besikeičiančius poreikius, kintančius, gal tiksliau – didėjančius gyvenimo kokybės reikalavimus. Organizacijoms išlikti konkurencingoms padeda efektyvus aplinkos stebėjimas, vertinimas ir gebėjimas prisitaikyti prie jos kismo. Šio straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti organizacijos aplinkos veiksnius, turinčius įtakos organizacijos veiklos efektyvumui ir nurodančius organizacijos veiksmus informacinei organizacijos aplinkai tirti. Straipsnyje organizacija analizuojama kaip atvira sistema, remiantis sistemų teorija pristatoma organizacijos sąveika su išorės aplinka, aptariami esminiai išorės aplinkos veiksniai, lemiantys verslo organizacijos veiklą. Analizuojant ir vertinant verslo organizacijos išorės aplinką supažindinama su užsienio autorių darbais, pateikiami Lietuvos verslo organizacijų atliktos apklausos rezultatai.Investigation of business enterprise information environmentRenata Matkevičienė SummaryContemporary society and market request from modern organizations qualitative products and services, as well it demands for skills to understand demands and requirements that are changing rapidly. All these conditions call for claims for life quality. Organizations should make effective environmental scanning and evaluation of it, as well they should have an ability to adjust to changes in it.The aim of the article is to analyze factors of environment that have impact on effectiveness of organization activities and setting the set of organizational actions that are used in informational environmental scanning.In the article there are presented several main aspects of the analyzed item: organization as an open system, interaction of organization with external environment, main factors of external environment, that impact organizational activities. There are discussed works of Lithuanian and foreign authors on business organization external environment scanning, as well there are presented results of Lithuanian business enterprises survey.Talking about modern organization there should be taken to account several important aspects of discussion: first of all there should be mentioned that contemporary organization is acting in social environment that is impact by humans, as well as by external social forces; second, contemporary organizations could be analyzed in different aspects based on definition of organization. Some organizations could be defined as an effective mechanism with bureaucratic governance, with clear role of managerial personnel and even more clear understanding or importance and set of organizational structure.Wideness of definition of contemporary organization implies understanding of business enterprise as complex, miscellaneous and open system. Based on the results of survey presented in the article there are made supposition that set of metaphors for organization depends on executives of organization, and partly on market place and character of organizational activities.Definition of modern organization implies duality of organizational activities: 1) organizational orientation toward external activities (possibilities and skills to evaluate possible influence of external factors to organizational activities and to plan possible reaction to external conditions), and 2) organizational orientation toward internal factors and activities (possibilities and skills of modern organization to overhaul internal activities and possibilities to react and to adapt to changes in environment). Understanding of business organization as an open system allows and indicates organizational orientation not only toward aims, tasks, activities, but organizational behavior in external environment too. External environment of business enterprise is quite complicate: it involves clients, customers, competitors, suppliers, professional unions, public and governmental institutions. As well those groups of external environment could be formed in 1) contextual or target groups, and 2) general audience. Modern organization and its activities mainly depend on informational and communication skills that warrant possibilities of external environment scanning. Informational environment scanning is critical for modern organization because it provides information on organizational positions, clients, their needs, general competitive environment. External environment scanning in business enterprise provides information from various sectors and ensures organizational learning possibilities that are substantial for modern knowledge seeking organization: for long term planning, for decision making and for setting organizational development and growth.

Positive Workplaces

2009 ◽  
pp. 578-588
Author(s):  
Fred Luthans ◽  
Carolyn M. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Organizational Behavior ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychological Capacities

Over the years, both management practitioners and academics have generally assumed that positive workplaces lead to desired outcomes. Unlike psychology, considerable attention has also been devoted to the study of positive topics such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, to place a scientifically based focus on the role that positivity may play in the development and performance of human resources, and largely stimulated by the positive psychology initiative, positive organizational behavior (POB) and psychological capital (PsyCap) have recently been introduced into the management literature. This chapter first provides an overview of both the historical and contemporary positive approaches to the workplace. Then, more specific attention is given to the meaning and domain of POB and PsyCap. Our definition of POB includes positive psychological capacities or resources that can be validly measured, developed, and have performance impact. The constructs that have been determined so far to best meet these criteria are efficacy, hope, optimism, and resiliency. When combined, they have been demonstrated to form the core construct of what we term psychological capital (PsyCap). A measure of PsyCap is being validated and this chapter references the increasing number of studies indicating that PsyCap can be developed and have performance impact. The chapter concludes with important future research directions that can help better understand and build positive workplaces to meet current and looming challenges.

Institutional betrayal in nursing: A concept analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 096973302199244
Author(s):  
Katherine C Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Ethical Culture ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conceptual Relationships

Background: Ethical relationships are important among many participants in healthcare, including the ethical relationship between nurse and employer. One aspect of organizational behavior that can impact ethical culture and moral well-being is institutional betrayal. Research aim: The purpose of this concept analysis is to develop a conceptual understanding of institutional betrayal in nursing by defining the concept and differentiating it from other forms of betrayal. Design: This analysis uses the method developed by Walker and Avant. Research context: Studies were reviewed using health literature databases with no date restrictions. Ethical considerations: Analysis was conducted using established guidelines for ethical research. Findings: Although institutional betrayal is a concept applied in the literature, there was a paucity of studies exploring the concept within nursing. Examples of the concept in the literature include violation of trust between organization (i.e. employer) and nurse, such as provision of inadequate workplace protections, ineffective or hostile management, and gaslighting of those who experience negative events. Examples of institutional betrayal have become more visible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: A conceptual definition of institutional betrayal is a deep violation of trust or confidence or violation of moral standards committed by an institution toward a nurse. This definition incorporates experiences and issues suggested by the literature. Outcomes are likely negative, including impacts on nurse psychological and workplace well-being. This concept likely fits within a framework of ethical workplaces and has conceptual relationships with moral distress and moral resilience. Further studies can help qualitatively explore and empirically measure this concept. Conclusion: In the pursuit of improving the ethical culture of healthcare workplaces, this concept can provide meaningful insight into organizational behavior and its consequences. Naming and describing the concept can promote conceptual clarity and equip researchers, nurses, and leaders to identify and mitigate the issue.

Robert Livingston (1654-1728): Businessman of Colonial New York

1956 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Leder ◽  
Vincent P. Carosso
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Functions

Robert Livingston's career provides the first opportunity to consider in detail the emergence of an early New York businessman. Trained in business in Rotterdam, he brought to the New World the experience, knowledge, and techniques of one of the most advanced commercial centers of his day. On the Albany frontier he applied the Old World's business methods to advantage and gradually emerged as a dominant figure in colonial New York. His records and business correspondence leave no doubt that Livingston belonged to that class of businessmen often referred to as sedentary or resident merchants, though he did not employ as many agents and partners as his later, more mature counterparts. Neither did he engage in as many ventures or perform as many functions as the Browns, Hancocks, and other late eighteenth-century merchants, nor did he create an impressive business organization at home or abroad as was customary among certain European contemporaries. Still, as a wholesaler and retailer, importer and exporter, shipowner and land speculator, Livingston was an early New York practitioner of diversified business functions and investments. His extensive land dealings, no doubt motivated in part by the social prestige attached to real estate, were undertaken primarily as a source of credit and revenue. Livingston Manor was operated as a business enterprise: some of it was cultivated on Livingston's behalf, parts were leased to tenants who provided for the Lord of the Manor not only rents but a steady market for the goods he obtained in overseas trading ventures, and other sections were devoted to various manufacturing enterprises. Livingston's political life was an integral and necessary part of his business ventures, which reflected at all points the total instability of most colonial institutions. From the details of Livingstons many-sided commercial life emerges a rare picture of an embryonic business society in which the means were sorely taxed to achieve the ends conceived by ambitious men.

Misconceptions of Metrology and Calibration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Herrmann ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

In today’s world of manufacturing, R&D, and testing across diverse industries, the definition of Metrology and calibration has taken on new meanings, whether it is right or wrong. With the evolving requirements for defining traceability, which is impacted through ISO/IEC 17025: 2017 as well as the NIST’s definition of Metrological Traceability, we must step back and truly understand what the differences are between these 2 terms. In this paper, we will evaluate the definitions of Metrology and calibration. We will also look at the importance of each and how one affects the other. While both terms are important, as liaisons within the Science of Measurement, we need to be able to articulate the differences between both terms to assist in bringing the representatives working in various industries to a clear understanding of how calibration is an action within the world of Metrology.

THE SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT IN ASSISTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN TOURIST ORGANIZATIONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Veleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Periodic Changes

Tourism is characterized by a highly dynamic internal and external environment, which means that adaptation and periodic changes are an integral part of the organizational life of tourism organizations. The present study aims to indicate how and why the socio-psychological aspects of governance are essential for human resource management in tourism organizations. In this regard, it is clarified what are the applied aspects of social psychology related to management and organizational behavior. The areas of application of these aspects are outlined, the connection between the management of human resources in the tourism organizations and the derived socio-psychological aspects of the management is indicated.

scholarly journals Emergency: definitions, problems and solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
V.P. Мiroshnychenko
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Emergency situations constantly accompany the external environment and society bringing major material losses and human casualties. The definitions and general patterns for the development of emergency situations and their role in accidents and disasters were discussed. Actually, there is no single concept in the definition of an emergency. Based on the ana-lysis, the content of the subject was formulated: an emergency is a state of natural and anthropogenic activity in the external environment and society. The mechanism of the emergency situation development is presented. The reason for changing the normative definition of the concept of emergency situation has been substantiated.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ALTAIR + LLC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Katranzhy ◽  
◽  
Kateryna Novik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Important System

The theoretical bases of essence of management of financial and economic safety of the enterprise are investigated. It is noted that in the scientific literature there is a huge number of opinions on the essence of the concept of financial and economic security, which is quite new in domestic economics. It is established that financial and economic security is an important system for ensuring the resilience of the enterprise to the changing external environment, and therefore consists of many effectively interconnected elements. The high level of financial and economic security of the enterprise is due only to a well-thought-out concept that operates at a particular enterprise and includes means, measures and methods to ensure financial stability and economic development of the enterprise. The process of managing the financial and economic security of the enterprise is divided into several successive stages: clear definition of the interests of the enterprise, forecasting possible threats, assessing the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise and comparing it with the normative, budgeting of financial and economic security, feedback in the implementation of measures by adjusting them. It is revealed that the integrated approach in the assessment of the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise is the most acceptable for domestic enterprises due to the coverage of a large number of important performance indicators in one integrated indicator. We have improved the method of assessing the level of financial and economic security of the enterprise, proposed by scientists N.V. Bondarchuk and M. Humenchuk, in accordance with the specifics of the activities of Altair + LLC. Along with the financial gaps, which these scientists propose to analyze in the process of assessing the financial and economic security of the enterprise, we proposed to analyze the technical, organizational, personnel and integration characteristics. It has been proved that the improved methodology is effective and allows to objectively assess the financial and economic security of Altair + LLC, as well as to identify reserves for improving the company.

scholarly journals Global and Comparative Leadership

Management ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Von Glinow ◽  
William D. Schneper
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Global Leadership ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leadership Theories ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Definition Of

The body of research related to global leadership is both vast and confounding. Some observers trace the field’s domain back thousands of years to the first rulers and military commanders with worldwide aspirations or to religious and spiritual figures such as Abraham, Laozi, Gautama Buddha, Confucius, Jesus, and Muhammad. Within the business context, the literature is considerably younger but still includes some of the earliest international management classics, such as Perlmutter 1969 (cited under Global Mindset) and Levitt 1983 (cited under Globalization). Despite the accomplishments of past research, critics contend that our understanding of global leadership has progressed too slowly. Joyce Osland, in Osland 2008 (cited under Developing Global Leaders and Ensuring Effectiveness), compares the state of the field to the earliest phases of domestic leadership scholarship. Indeed, the bulk of the literature remains conceptual, normative, and prescriptive. There is a scarcity of rigorous ethnographic work, and quantitative studies often focus more on measuring and comparing rather than developing and testing complex theory. Even the definition of global leadership is uncertain. This is partially due to the breadth and diversity of leadership research in general. As Ralph Stogdill noted as far back as 1974, “there are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept” (Handbook of Leadership, New York: Free Press, p. 259). Hollenbeck 2009 (cited under Traditional Leadership Theories) finds global leadership to be “even more mysterious, with something about the term that beckons interested writers and researchers to offer their own definitions. There is a temptation to dance on the head of a definitional pin” (p. 5). In other words, the definition of global leadership depends on one’s personal inclinations and theoretical starting point. Global leadership means something different to managers and policymakers, as it does for scholars in organizational behavior, strategy, or psychology. To encompass such diverse perspectives, we define global leadership broadly as the capacity to bring about change and enhance organizational performance across national borders. This capacity in turn requires the skills and acumen to influence and energize employees, business partners, and other organizational stakeholders. Closely related and overlapping with the study of global leadership, the cross-country or comparative leadership field explores the similarities and differences in leadership traits and practices across countries, which helps explain the aspects of leadership that are generally universal across countries, or largely dependent upon the unique institutional and country context.

Mission of the Territory: How to Develop It and is it Needed at All?

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
Anna A. Voloshinskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Recommendations

There is no generally accepted definition of a territory’s mission either in Russia or abroad. So is it worth including a mission in the strategy of socio-economic development of a territory and what definition of the mission is better to choose? To answer these questions, a content analysis of Russian and foreign definitions of the territory's mission has been carried out, from which common units of meaning were identified. It was established that a number of semantic units in definitions of the territory's mission and the mission of organization coincide. However, from the point of view of the mission statement, there are a number of significant differences between a territory and an organization, which makes some definitions of the territory’s mission hardly applicable in practice. Conclusion is made: it is better to define the territory's mission through its role in the external environment, functions and unique features of the territory. The article examines advantages and disadvantages of alternative options: not to develop a mission at all or to develop it in a purely formal way. Practical recommendations on developing a territory mission, examples from Russian and foreign experience are given.

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