ALLERGY—THE UNANSWERED CHALLENGE IN PEDIATRIC RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND PRACTICE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-654
Author(s):  
William G. Crook ◽  
Walton W. Harrison ◽  
Stanley E. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pediatric Research ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Relative Neglect ◽  
Active Interest

THE NEGLECT OF TRAINING IN ALLERGY Perhaps the most remarkable thing about allergy is its relative neglect in the field of medical research, education and practice. This phenomenon has been recognized by a number of leaders in the field. "Allergy is sadly neglected in the medical schools of this country. Some department heads look upon it as scarcely more scientific than witchcraft. . . . There is no question that medicine either ridiculed or ignored. . . . The chances are overwhelming that as a resident—(the physician) had no exposure whatever to an allergy service or guidance from one trained in allergy." A review of the program of the Society for Pediatric Research for the past several years shows that, while there were many papers on varied subjects, few of them dealt with allergy. THE PROBLEM OF THE PRACTICING PEDIATRICIAN Our discussion of this subject is presented from the point of view of practicing pediatricians who have struggled with the problems of allergy in a general pediatric practice for some 9 years. During this period, the recognition and management of children with allergic disease presented such a problem that we had to take a more active interest in it as a matter of "self defense." In comparing our training with that of other pediatricians, we feel that our exposure, and the quality of the instruction given us in managing the allergic child, was well above the average. Nevertheless, we still were inadequately prepared to meet the needs of countless hundreds of our patients. A recent study of the incidence of allergic disease in our practice during the year 1954 showed that 14% of an unselected, consecutive group of children coming to our general pediatric clinic had major, unquestioned allergic disease, including asthma, hay fever, allergic rhinitis and eczema. An additional 18% had findings which warranted a classification of "probably allergic."

Exergy Quality of Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Kalmár
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Country Specific

Energy labeling of buildings is accepted and used in all European countries. Depending on the yearly specific primary energy consumption the energy quality of a building is expressed using a country specific method. Consequently primary energy is the basis of building energy class. Primary energy is obtained using different country specific transformation factors for gas, electricity, wood, biomass etc. However different quantities of warm water and steam can have the same energy content. Calculating the exergy content of used energy a better classification of buildings can be achieved. This paper presents a method to analyze residential buildings from exergy point of view. It was found a transformation factor between energy and exergy: 0.075.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Tubing Closure Welds

1986 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Rehbein ◽  
D. K. Hsu ◽  
R. B. Thompson ◽  
T. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Good Deal ◽  
Bond Line ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Ultrasonic Signals ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
Control Procedures

Resistance tube closure welds, referred to as pinch welds, are used to reliably seal small stainless steel tubing [1]. The quality of the bond is dependent upon, among other factors, the cleanliness of the tube bore. Post weld inspections are therefore desired as process control procedures. In previous studies, ultrasonics was shown to have considerable promise in this application. Thomas et al. [1] demonstrated that pattern recognition algorithms could be applied to the ultrasonic signals transmitted through the tubes to produce a correct classification of good and bad welds in several different sets of samples. The algorithms were somewhat dependent on the material from which the samples were fabricated, but all showed a good deal of commonality. In a parallel study, Rehbein et al. [2] examined, from a more mechanistic point of view, sets of tubes fabricated at the same time. They observed that gross disbonds could be easily detected from changes in signals either reflected from or transmitted through the bond line. When such disbonds were not present, they observed that signals doubly transmitted through the interface (i.e., the back surface echo) showed a trend to lower values as the bond quality decreased. This paper describes the sequel to that study, having the objective of developing a quantitative understanding of the interaction of the ultrasound with the pinch welds.

scholarly journals Systems Approach to Standardisation, Classification and Modelling of Managed Events for Tourism

Organizacija ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197
Author(s):  
Tadeja Jere Jakulin ◽  
Aleksandra Golob
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
National Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Event Tourism ◽  
Methodological Principles

Abstract Background and Purpose: The standardisation and classification of managed events provide a legislative basis to distinguish events managed for tourism in their characteristics and quality. The systems approach to standardisation and classification of managed events is a unique, holistic view of event management quality and event organization in tourism. It enables a clear overview of a researched topic and provides adequate support to design and decision-making. In this paper, we explain the meaning of standardisation and classification for Slovenian legislation related to event management. We present the importance of a systems approach methodology for event categorization and classification as it relates to the quality of event management organization, the quality of staff, the quality of the event program and the quality of event services. Objectives: Provide an overview of events in tourism, related definitions and information gathered from scientific authors, which serves as current systems approach principles with which we want to achieve the desired results, positive changes in legislation; in our case-in the field of managed event quality for tourism through standardisation and classification of events on the national level in Slovenia. Method: A descriptive method and systems approach methods are fundamental methodological principles in our analysis. In the context of a systems approach, we used qualitative modelling and constructed causal loop models (CLD) of the legislative system of events and investments in the events. We also used context-dependent modelling (SD model) in a frame of systems dynamics. Results: We present the most appropriate solution to eliminate our problem or question about how to achieve high quality and unique events within event tourism and with event management, thereby creating added value to an event legislative system. We explain suggestions for achieving triple-bottom elements through well-designed quality standards and classification of events, which leads to an optimal categorization of events. Conclusion: From a systems point of view, event tourism processes, including event management, are systems consisting of people and technologies with the purpose of designing, producing, trading and deploying the idea of an event. It is necessary to transform the current Slovenian legislative system of events and prepare a document which standardizes and classifies events based on systems approach methodology.

scholarly journals MODERN VIEW OF THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF ACNE SCARRING

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Mariya N. Ostretsova
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Keloid Scars ◽  
Acne Scarring ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Chronic Skin Disease

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic skin disease involving blockage and inflammation of pilosebaceous units. It has a genetic predisposition and sharply reduces the quality of patients’ life and the level of their social adaptation through the formation of conspicuous cosmetic defects in open areas of the skin. The processes of pathological scarring (atrophic, hypertrophic and keloid scars) is described in detail as one of the most severe consequences of acne vulgaris and its treatment. The problem is described from the modern point of view of the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Differential diagnosis between keloid and hypertrophic scars, as well as the most relevant approaches to classification and evaluation of severity of postacne scarring according to the valid international scales, are presented.

scholarly journals Are users’ ratings on Tripadvisor similar to hotel categories in Europe?

2018 ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Martin-Fuentes ◽  
Carles Mateu ◽  
César Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
User Ratings ◽  
One Way Anova

European countries do not have the same hotel classification system. Therefore, the criteria and requirements used to assign star ratings to hotels do not concur among the different countries. There have been some criticisms about the way hotel stars are assigned, because the requirements do not necessarily match the quality of service offered. Technical criteria such as infrastructure and room dimensions are taken into account, but users do not perceive them although these have nothing to do with the satisfaction. This study aims to determine whether the hotel category of about 80,000 hotels in 9 different European countries on TripAdvisor is related to customer satisfaction, measured from the point of view of the user ratings on this site. The one-way ANOVA test shows that there are significant differences between the average ratings of the hotel category, except in the classification of 1-star and 2-star hotels from most countries analysed that behave similarly, and 1-star and 3-star hotels from Austria, Greece, Portugal, Spain and UK that are ranked similarly.

scholarly journals Moral development of a personality in the concept of Yakym Yarema

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (86) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
R.Y. Zveryuk
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Moral Consciousness ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Common

The purpose of the work was to investigate the ideas of Yakym Yarema regarding the moral development of a personality. The content of his report «The Stages of Moral Development» (1937) is analyzed for this purpose. In order to achieve the goal, the digitization of this work was carried out, its scientific and literary editing and analysis. The study of the stages of moral development is carried out in accordance with the logics applied by Ya. Yarema: firstly, a general overview of the concepts and criteria of moral and immoral, then – periodization in accordance with different criteria and analysis of recommended methods of educational influence, relevant at different stages of the development of morality. Moral and immoral Yakym Yarema categorizes from the point of view of the participation of consciousness in the implementation of morally evaluated acts, which significantly distinguishes it from traditional educational approaches. Concerning the criteria for the classification of degrees, the scholar distinguishes between three: the common course of social and moral development; the basis of the legitimization of moral norms; development of the quality of motivation as a motive for moral development. According to each criterion, Ya. Yarema described three levels of moral development: premoral (neutral, immoral), second and third (different names according to the classification criterion). His conclusions on the transition from the second to the third stages and the conditions under which it occurs (or does not happen), the completion of moral development (quantitatively) in the second stage and incompleteness as a specific characteristic of the development of qualitative indicators of moral consciousness are pedagogically important. The methods of moral education proposed by Yakym Yarema are correlated with age characteristics, qualitative characteristics of individual degrees and social environments of different magnitude.

An Empirical Formula to Classify the Quality of Earthquake Locations

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 2755-2761
Author(s):  
Maddalena Michele ◽  
Diana Latorre ◽  
Antonio Emolo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Quantitative Estimate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Location Uncertainty ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Seismic Location ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Providing a quantitative estimate of earthquake location quality is not a simple task. Traditional methods, used in literature, are not exhaustive and depend on a subjective point of view, because they consist of empirical choice of quality thresholds of different estimators of location uncertainty. However, we notice that these estimators are correlated with one another, implying the need to combine them to obtain a numerical and impartial estimate of the quality of a seismic location. Therefore, we provide a formula that associates a quality factor (qf) value with a seismic location, which is based on the combination of a set of uncertainty estimators, suitably normalized. We apply the criterion to two different‐type and different‐scale earthquake catalogs, located by two different methods, obtaining encouraging results. The qf parameter definition is a fast, simple, and objective instrument to provide a user‐friendly classification of location quality. Thus, the qf could represent a powerful tool for routine monitoring location computation.

RHYNCHOLITES AND THE PROBLEM OF NARROW AND BROAD CONCEPTION OF TAXONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Khuzina ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Broad Understanding

The paper considers a point of view, based on the conception of the broad understanding of taxons. According to this point of view, rhyncholites of the subgenus Dentatobeccus and Microbeccus are accepted to be synonymous with the genus Rhynchoteuthis, and subgenus Romanovichella is considered to be synonymous with the genus Palaeoteuthis. The criteria, exercising influence on the different approaches to the classification of rhyncholites, have been analyzed (such as age and individual variability, sexual dimorphism, pathological and teratological features, degree of disintegration of material), underestimation of which can lead to inaccuracy. Divestment of the subgenuses Dentatobeccus, Microbeccus and Romanovichella, possessing very bright morphological characteristics, to have an independent status and denomination to their synonyms, has been noted to be unjustified. An artificial system (any suggested variant) with all its minuses is a single probable system for rhyncholites. The main criteria, minimizing its negative sides and proving the separation of the new taxon, is an available mass-scale material. The narrow understanding of the genus, used in sensible limits, has been underlined to simplify the problem of the passing the view about the genus to the other investigators and recognition of rhyncholites for the practical tasks.

LEGAL, MORAL AND ETHICAL SIDE OF THE OFFENSE, DISCREDITING HONOR EMPLOYEE THE PENAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
OKSANA KOCHKINA ◽  
◽  
OLGA MARCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Executive System ◽  
Correction System

The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

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