scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ФІТОКЛІМАТУ ПІДКРОНОВОГО ПРОСТОРУ КУЩОВИХ ВИДІВ І ФОРМ ЯЛІВЦІВ В МЕЖАХ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЗОНИ МІСТА ЛЬВОВА

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398
Author(s):  
T. I. Shuplat ◽  
V. V. Popovich
Keyword(s):  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Thermal Influence

<p>The peculiarities of undertree microclimate of <em>Juniperus L. </em>shrubs are presented. The studied plants were registered within the municipal area of Lviv city and its green belt. Temperature and humidity conditions of the undertree space in summer and winter periods were studied in detail. The comparison of indices of microclimate under the shrubs and adjacent open area was done. The thermal influence of snow accumulation and negative effects of the process of glaciation on sprouts of shrubs with different crown heights and shapes was detemined. It was suggested that undertree microclimate plays an extremely important role in the formation of climatope and edaphotope of juniper ground shrubs especially for those which grow in urban xerophilous environment.</p>

scholarly journals SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN TANAH PADA TIGA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA SAMARINDA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Kamila Assolihat ◽  
Karyati Karyati ◽  
Muhammad Syafrudin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Settlement Area ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

The different land uses influence to the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths. The objective of this study was to know the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) in three land uses (young secondary forest, settlement area, and open area). The average soil temperature in the young secondary forest were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, dan 26.9°C. The average soil temperature in the soil depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 27.5°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, and 26.8°C in the settlement area. The average soil temperature in the open area were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C and 26.9°C. The average soil humidity in the young secondary forest were in depth of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm were 78.5%, 78.8%, 79.1% and 79.4%. The average soil humidity in the settlement area were 76.4%, 78.5%, 79.3%, and 80.2% in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The average soil humidity in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 69.2%, 69.6%,  70.3%, dan 70.8% in the open area.

Influence of beech and spruce sub-montane forests on snow cover in Poľana Biosphere Reserve

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Šatala ◽  
Miroslav Tesař ◽  
Miriam Hanzelová ◽  
Martin Bartík ◽  
Václav Šípek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Accumulation Phase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Snow Conditions

AbstractThe aim of the work was to compare the influence of a beech (B) and a spruce stand (S) on the accumulation and melting of snow cover in comparison to an open area (O). The measurements were performed in winter seasons from 2012/13 to 2014/15 in the Hučava catchment, Poľana Biosphere Reserve (BR). We monitored hydrological and physical parameters of snow cover (snow depth – SD, snow water equivalent – SWE, snow density – D) at 13 research plots in 100 m elevation intervals (567–1,259 m a.s.l.). Within one research plot, the listed snow parameters were measured in a stand of spruce (S), beech (B), and at an open area (O).Based on the snow conditions, we found different characters of winter during the monitored period (2012/13 – snow rich, 2013/14 snow poor). For each winter, we tested the difference in the average values of SWE between the stands and the open area separately for the phase of snow accumulation and melting. The differences in the accumulation phase were found significant (

scholarly journals SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN TANAH PADA TIGA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA SAMARINDA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Kamila Assolihat ◽  
Karyati Karyati ◽  
Muhammad Syafrudin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Settlement Area ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

The different land uses influence to the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths. The objective of this study was to know the soil temperature and humidity in the different soil depths (5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) in three land uses (young secondary forest, settlement area, and open area). The average soil temperature in the young secondary forest were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, dan 26.9°C. The average soil temperature in the soil depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 27.5°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C, and 26.8°C in the settlement area. The average soil temperature in the open area were 27.6°C, 27.4°C, 27.0°C and 26.9°C. The average soil humidity in the young secondary forest were in depth of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm were 78.5%, 78.8%, 79.1% and 79.4%. The average soil humidity in the settlement area were 76.4%, 78.5%, 79.3%, and 80.2% in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The average soil humidity in the depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm were 69.2%, 69.6%,  70.3%, dan 70.8% in the open area.

Impact of spruce forest on rainfall interception and seasonal snow cover evolution in the Western Tatra Mountains, Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Holko ◽  
Jaroslav Škvarenina ◽  
Zdeněk Kostka ◽  
Michal Frič ◽  
Juraj Staroň
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mountain Catchment ◽  
Snow Model ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Seasonal Snow Cover

AbstractThe paper analyzes the impacts of the spruce forest on precipitation interception and evolution of snow cover in the mountain catchment of the Jalovecký creek, the Western Tatra Mountains, Slovakia. Both processes were monitored at the elevation of 1420 m a.s.l.. Interception was measured from the end of August 2006 until November 2008 by a network of 13 raingauges. Mean interception over the studied period in forest window was 23%. Mean values for the dripping zone under tree branches, near stems of the trees and under the young trees were 28%, 65% and 44%, respectively. With exception of forest window, the interception at the same characteristic positions was highly variable. Calculated daily precipitation thresholds needed to fulfill the storage capacity of the canopy were about 0.8–0.9 mm.Differences in snow accumulation and melt in the open area (elevation 1500 m a.s.l.) and in the forest were measured in winters 2003–2008. Snow depths (SD) and water equivalents (SWE) were typically smaller in the forest, although the differences were getting smaller towards the end of snow season. SD and SWE in the forest were higher than in the open area for a short time before the end of season in winters 2003 and 2005. The correlations between SD and SWE in the open area and in the forest explained about 90% of variability. The energy balance snow model UEB satisfactorily simulated the evolution of snow cover in the forest and in the open area.

scholarly journals Modelling temperature and humidity effects on web performance: implications for predicting orb-web spider (Argiope spp.) foraging under Australian climate change scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Blamires ◽  
W I Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Web Performance ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
Australian Climate ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Orb Web

Lay Summary. How climate change impacts animal extended phenotypes (EPs) is poorly understood. We modelled how temperature and humidity affects the ability of spider webs to intercept prey. We found humidity had negative effects at the extremes. Temperature, however, likely interacts with humidity to affect web tension and prey retention.

scholarly journals Fertility life tables of Raoiella indica (Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) at different temperature and humidity levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. e7810
Author(s):  
David Martínez Mejía ◽  
Gabriel Otero-Colina ◽  
Rebeca González-Gómez ◽  
Alejandro Pérez-Panduro ◽  
Javier Valle-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Raoiella Indica

A study of fertility life tables of Raoiella indica was carried out on coconut (Cocos nucifera) leaflets at controlled temperature and relative humidity (RH) in Texcoco, Mexico, with the objective of estimating the parameters of population increase of this mite. Cohorts of 12-hour-old Raoiella indica eggs were incubated at 22.5, 25, 27.5 or 30 °C and 40-50 % RH, as well as 27.5 °C with 30-40, 60-70 or 80-90 % RH. They were observed daily until the last mite died. Females that attained adulthood were provided with two males to promote mating and their oviposition was recorded daily. Each one-day-old male was put in contact with a female quiescent deutonymph daily to determine how many times a male could copulate after the deutonymph became an adult. With all temperatures and RH’s, mortality was evenly distributed throughout the observations. Developmental rate, reproduction, and, consequently, parameters of population increase were significantly associated with temperature. The highest rate of population increase took place at 27.5 °C and 40-40 RH. By itself, RH did not significantly affect those variables, although its extreme values showed slight negative effects. Approximately four females per male were observed. Males copulated with 4.56 females on average; this suggests that between 20 and 30 % of the males are enough to fertilize all females present. 

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking and dental implant tooth replacement therapy: A questionnaire survey among patients receiving implant prosthetic treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Beata Kubic-Filiks ◽  
Agnieszka Koszuta ◽  
Jolanta Szymanska
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Bone Reconstruction ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Thermal Influence

Abstract Chronic nicotinism has negative effects, both local and systemic. Its local effects are related to both the immediate thermal influence, as well as the toxic action of the substances contained in the smoke. In addition, the microflora colonizing dental plague is changed. The damage and the inflammatory processes that are incurred, affect the bone tissue of the alveolar processes, the mucosa, gums, and the tooth enamel. In this study, the tobacco smoking-related profile of patients being treated by way of implants was determined. Moreover, the relationship between cigarette smoking and pain sensation was assessed in patients undergoing surgical and prosthetic procedures in the oral cavity. The questionnaire survey covered 464 patients receiving prosthetic treatment at the “Dental” Non-Public Health Care Centre in Tomaszow Mazowiecki. The patients answered questions concerning their sex, age, the period of smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day and the sensation of pain during bone reconstruction, implant placement and prosthetic procedures. The most numerous group of patients treated with implants were women: either non-smoking or smoking for less than 20 years at a level of less than 20 cigarettes a day, and men aged 40-60 years who have been smoking for over 20 years, at more than 20 cigarettes a day. The results of the survey reveal that non-smoking patients felt pain during bone reconstruction, implant placement and prosthetic procedures more frequently.

The use of a Bent Grid to Improve the take-Off Angle for Electron Probe Analysis

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
Delbert E. Philpott ◽  
David Leaffer
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Count Rate ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Background Ratio ◽  
Probe Analysis

There are certain advantages for electron probe analysis if the sample can be tilted directly towards the detector. The count rate is higher, it optimizes the geometry since only one angle need be taken into account for quantitative analysis and the signal to background ratio is improved. The need for less tilt angle may be an advantage because the grid bars are not moved quite as close to each other, leaving a little more open area for observation. Our present detector (EDAX) and microscope (Philips 300) combination precludes moving the detector behind the microscope where it would point directly at the grid. Therefore, the angle of the specimen was changed in order to optimize the geometry between the specimen and the detector.

Cryo-TEM of amphiphilic polymer and amphiphile/polymer solutions

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 876-877
Author(s):  
Yeshayahu Talmon
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Microstructured Fluids ◽  
Air Streams

To achieve complete microstructural characterization of self-aggregating systems, one needs direct images in addition to quantitative information from non-imaging, e.g., scattering or Theological measurements, techniques. Cryo-TEM enables us to image fluid microstructures at better than one nanometer resolution, with minimal specimen preparation artifacts. Direct images are used to determine the “building blocks” of the fluid microstructure; these are used to build reliable physical models with which quantitative information from techniques such as small-angle x-ray or neutron scattering can be analyzed.To prepare vitrified specimens of microstructured fluids, we have developed the Controlled Environment Vitrification System (CEVS), that enables us to prepare samples under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, thus minimizing microstructural rearrangement due to volatile evaporation or temperature changes. The CEVS may be used to trigger on-the-grid processes to induce formation of new phases, or to study intermediate, transient structures during change of phase (“time-resolved cryo-TEM”). Recently we have developed a new CEVS, where temperature and humidity are controlled by continuous flow of a mixture of humidified and dry air streams.

Undesirable Effects of Goal Setting on Perceived Fairness, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Keith
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. The positive effects of goal setting on motivation and performance are among the most established findings of industrial–organizational psychology. Accordingly, goal setting is a common management technique. Lately, however, potential negative effects of goal-setting, for example, on unethical behavior, are increasingly being discussed. This research replicates and extends a laboratory experiment conducted in the United States. In one of three goal conditions (do-your-best goals, consistently high goals, increasingly high goals), 101 participants worked on a search task in five rounds. Half of them (transparency yes/no) were informed at the outset about goal development. We did not find the expected effects on unethical behavior but medium-to-large effects on subjective variables: Perceived fairness of goals and goal commitment were least favorable in the increasing-goal condition, particularly in later goal rounds. Results indicate that when designing goal-setting interventions, organizations may consider potential undesirable long-term effects.

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