Antagonistic activity of Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from various sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
A. N. Irkitova ◽  
A. V. Grebenshchikova ◽  
A. V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Agar Media

<p>An important link in solving the problem of healthy food is the intensification of the livestock, poultry and fish farming, which is possible only in the adoption and rigorous implementation of the concept of rational feeding of animals. In the implementation of this concept required is the application of probiotic preparations. Currently, there is an increased interest in spore probiotics. In many ways, this can be explained by the fact that they use no vegetative forms of the bacilli and their spores. This property provides spore probiotics a number of advantages: they are not whimsical, easily could be selected, cultivated, and dried. Moreover, they are resistant to various factors and could remain viable during a long period. One of the most famous spore microorganisms, which are widely used in agriculture, is <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Among the requirements imposed to probiotic microorganisms is mandatory – antagonistic activity to pathogenic and conditional-pathogenic microflora. The article presents the results of the analysis of antagonistic activity of collection strains of <em>B. subtilis</em>, and strains isolated from commercial preparations. We studied the antagonistic activity on agar and liquid nutrient medias to trigger different antagonism mechanisms of <em>B. subtilis</em>. On agar media, we applied three diffusion methods: perpendicular bands, agar blocks, agar wells. We also applied the method of co-incubating the test culture (<em>Escherichia coli</em>) and the antagonist (or its supernatant) in the nutrient broth. Our results demonstrated that all our explored strains of <em>B. subtilis</em> have antimicrobial activity against a wild strain of <em>E. coli</em>, but to varying degrees. We identified strains of <em>B. subtilis</em> with the highest antagonistic effect that can be recommended for inclusion in microbial preparations for agriculture.</p><p><em><br /></em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Loss of O157 O Antigenicity of Verotoxin-ProducingEscherichia coli O157:H7 Surviving under Starvation Conditions

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5540-5543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Hara-Kudo ◽  
Michiko Miyahara ◽  
Susumu Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Starvation Conditions

ABSTRACT Verotoxin (VT)-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 was culturable on agar media after being left in water for 21 months. However, there were a number of colonies which had lost O157 O antigenicity. These colonies produced VTs, which are pathogenic to humans. These observations suggest that the immunologic methods based on O157 O antigenicity are unable to detect and isolate VT-producingE. coli in foods and other environments if the organism has been under starvation conditions for a long period.

scholarly journals ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM SALINE SOILS NEAR WITH KUMISI LAKE (GEORGIA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
M. D. Tsulukidze ◽  
Z. Sh. Lomtatidze ◽  
Q. H. Mamulashvili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Rhizobium Radiobacter ◽  
Antibiotic Compounds ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

Aim. To study the antagonistic activity of actinomycetes isolated from soils adjacent to Kumisi Lake (Georgia). Methods. It was used 12 samples of actinomycetes isolated from the soils adjacent to Kumisi Lake. The antibiotic activity of actinomycetes was determined using test strains: Escherichia coli К-12 (B-3254), Bacillus subtilis 26 D, Xanthomonas campestris В-1459, Rhizobium radiobacter C58, Pectobacterium carotovorum EC1by the method of agar blocks. Results. It was revealed that actinomycete samples isolated from soils adjacent to Lake Kumisi shown the most significant inhibitory effect on test strains: Escherichia coli B-3254, Rhizobium radiobacter C58 and Xanthomonas campestris В-1459. The most resistant test-strains, to the studied actinomycetes, were Bacillus subtilis 26 D and Pectobacterium carotovorum EC1. Conclusion. Isolated strain 301 of actinomycetes shown a significant antagonistic effect on all test strains and could be potential for further studies spectrum and properties of antibiotic compounds.

Synthesis of Chalcones and Nucleosides Incorporating [1, 3, 4]Oxadiazolenone Core and Evaluation of their Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-679
Author(s):  
Alok K. Srivastava ◽  
Lokesh K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity

Background: [1, 3, 4]oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones and nucleosides were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of a variety of benzaldehyde derivatives, obtained from oxidation of substituted 5-(3/6 substituted-4-Methylphenyl)-1, 3, 4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-one and various substituted acetophenone. The resultant chalcones were coupled with penta-O-acetylglucopyranose followed by deacetylation to get [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones and nucleosides. Various analytical techniques viz IR, NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis were used to confirm the structure of the synthesised compounds.The compounds were targeted against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for antibacterial activity and Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum for antifungal activity. Methods: A mixture of Acid hydrazides (3.0 mmol) and N, Nʹ- carbonyl diimidazole (3.3 mmol) in 15 mL of dioxane was refluxed to afford substituted [1, 3, 4]-oxadiazole-2(3H)-one. The resulted [1, 3, 4]- oxadiazole-2(3H)-one (1.42 mmol) was oxidized with Chromyl chloride (1.5 mL) in 20 mL of carbon tetra chloride and condensed with acetophenones (1.42 mmol) to get chalcones 4. The equimolar ratio of obtained chalcones 4 and β -D-1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-acetylglucopyranose in presence of iodine was refluxed to get nucleosides 5. The [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core containing chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 were tested to determined minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value with the experimental procedure of Benson using disc-diffusion method. All compounds were tested at concentration of 5 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, 0.62 mg/mL, 0.31 mg/mL and 0.15 mg/mL for antifungal activity against three strains of pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus), Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) and for antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacterium: Escherichia coli (E. coli), and two Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis). Result: The chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 were screened for antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and B. subtilis whereas antifungal activity against A. flavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum. Compounds 4a-t showed good antibacterial activity whereas compounds 5a-t containing glucose moiety showed better activity against fungi. The glucose moiety of compounds 5 helps to enter into the cell wall of fungi and control the cell growth. Conclusion: Chalcones 4 and nucleosides 5 incorporating [1, 3, 4] oxadiazolenone core were synthesized and characterized by various spectral techniques and elemental analysis. These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity against three fungi; viz. A. flavus, A. niger and F. oxysporum. In addition to this, synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram negative bacteria E. Coli and gram positive bacteria S. aureus, B. subtilis. Compounds 4a-t showed good antibacterial activity whereas 5a-t showed better activity against fungi.

scholarly journals Artificial Septal Targeting of Bacillus subtilis Cell Division Proteins in Escherichia coli: an Interspecies Approach to the Study of Protein-Protein Interactions in Multiprotein Complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (18) ◽  
pp. 6048-6059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Robichon ◽  
Glenn F. King ◽  
Nathan W. Goehring ◽  
Jon Beckwith
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Bacterial Cell Division ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiprotein Complexes

ABSTRACT Bacterial cell division is mediated by a set of proteins that assemble to form a large multiprotein complex called the divisome. Recent studies in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli indicate that cell division proteins are involved in multiple cooperative binding interactions, thus presenting a technical challenge to the analysis of these interactions. We report here the use of an E. coli artificial septal targeting system for examining the interactions between the B. subtilis cell division proteins DivIB, FtsL, DivIC, and PBP 2B. This technique involves the fusion of one of the proteins (the “bait”) to ZapA, an E. coli protein targeted to mid-cell, and the fusion of a second potentially interacting partner (the “prey”) to green fluorescent protein (GFP). A positive interaction between two test proteins in E. coli leads to septal localization of the GFP fusion construct, which can be detected by fluorescence microscopy. Using this system, we present evidence for two sets of strong protein-protein interactions between B. subtilis divisomal proteins in E. coli, namely, DivIC with FtsL and DivIB with PBP 2B, that are independent of other B. subtilis cell division proteins and that do not disturb the cytokinesis process in the host cell. Our studies based on the coexpression of three or four of these B. subtilis cell division proteins suggest that interactions among these four proteins are not strong enough to allow the formation of a stable four-protein complex in E. coli in contrast to previous suggestions. Finally, our results demonstrate that E. coli artificial septal targeting is an efficient and alternative approach for detecting and characterizing stable protein-protein interactions within multiprotein complexes from other microorganisms. A salient feature of our approach is that it probably only detects the strongest interactions, thus giving an indication of whether some interactions suggested by other techniques may either be considerably weaker or due to false positives.

Toxicity of the First Ten MEIC Chemicals to Bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Gustaw Kerszman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mild Toxicity

The toxicity of the first ten MEIC chemicals to Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was examined. Nine of the chemicals were toxic to the bacteria, with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 10-3 to 4.4M. The sensitivities of both organisms were similar, but the effect on E. coli was often bactericidal, while it was bacteriostatic for B. subtilis. Digoxin was not detectably toxic to either bacterial species. Amitriptyline and FeSO4 were relatively less toxic to the bacteria than to human cells. For seven chemicals, a highly significant linear regression was established between log MIC in bacteria and log of blood concentration, giving lethal and moderate/mild toxicity in humans, as well as with toxicity to human lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Genes Required for 5-Hydroxyuridine Synthesis in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli tRNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 201 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Lauhon
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Genomic Context ◽  
Similar Reduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wobble Position ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT In bacteria, tRNAs that decode 4-fold degenerate family codons and have uridine at position 34 of the anticodon are typically modified with either 5-methoxyuridine (mo5U) or 5-methoxycarbonylmethoxyuridine (mcmo5U). These modifications are critical for extended recognition of some codons at the wobble position. Whereas the alkylation steps of these modifications have been described, genes required for the hydroxylation of U34 to give 5-hydroxyuridine (ho5U) remain unknown. Here, a number of genes in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis are identified that are required for wild-type (wt) levels of ho5U. The yrrMNO operon is identified in B. subtilis as important for the biosynthesis of ho5U. Both yrrN and yrrO are homologs to peptidase U32 family genes, which includes the rlhA gene required for ho5C synthesis in E. coli. Deletion of either yrrN or yrrO, or both, gives a 50% reduction in mo5U tRNA levels. In E. coli, yegQ was found to be the only one of four peptidase U32 genes involved in ho5U synthesis. Interestingly, this mutant shows the same 50% reduction in (m)cmo5U as that observed for mo5U in the B. subtilis mutants. By analyzing the genomic context of yegQ homologs, the ferredoxin YfhL is shown to be required for ho5U synthesis in E. coli to the same extent as yegQ. Additional genes required for Fe-S biosynthesis and biosynthesis of prephenate give the same 50% reduction in modification. Together, these data suggest that ho5U biosynthesis in bacteria is similar to that of ho5C, but additional genes and substrates are required for complete modification. IMPORTANCE Modified nucleotides in tRNA serve to optimize both its structure and function for accurate translation of the genetic code. The biosynthesis of these modifications has been fertile ground for uncovering unique biochemistry and metabolism in cells. In this work, genes that are required for a novel anaerobic hydroxylation of uridine at the wobble position of some tRNAs are identified in both Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. These genes code for Fe-S cluster proteins, and their deletion reduces the levels of the hydroxyuridine by 50% in both organisms. Additional genes required for Fe-S cluster and prephenate biosynthesis and a previously described ferredoxin gene all display a similar reduction in hydroxyuridine levels, suggesting that still other genes are required for the modification.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Khaya senegalensis bark extracts on Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Aliyu ◽  
Alkali BR ◽  
Yahaya MS ◽  
Garba A ◽  
Adeleye SA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Khaya Senegalensis ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

<p>The aqueous and ethanol extracts of the bark of<em> Khaya senegalensis</em> were screened for their phytochemical constituents and preliminary antibacterial activity against <em>Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli</em> and<em> Proteus mirabilis. </em>The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant on the tested organisms was determined using multiple tubes method.</p><p>Alkaloids, anthraquinones, glycosides, tannins and steroids were detected in both extracts.</p><p>The ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plant showed antibacterial activity against <em>B. subtilis and E. coli,</em> with the aqueous extracts having more activity than those of ethanol. However the growth of<em> P. mirabilis</em> was not inhibited by either of the extracts. The MIC value was determined to be 50 mg/ml for<em> B. subtilis </em>and<em> E. coli. </em>The results are suggestive of considerable antibacterial activity of<em> K. senegalensis </em>and may justify its use in the treatment of bacterial diseases by herbalists or traditional healers.</p>

Relationship of growth conditions to desiccation tolerance of Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel K Streufert ◽  
Susanne E Keller ◽  
Joelle K Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Desiccation Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Agar Media

Growth on solid media as sessile cells is believed to increase the desiccation tolerance of Salmonella enterica . However, the reasons behind increased resistance have not been well explored. In addition, the same effect has not been examined for other foodborne pathogens such as pathogenic Escherichia coli or Listeria monocytogenes . The purpose of this research was two-fold: first, to determine the role of oxygenation during growth on the desiccation resistance of S. enterica , E. coli , and L. monocytogenes , and second, to determine the effect of sessile versus planktonic growth on the desiccation resistance of these pathogens. Three different serotypes each of Salmonella , E. coli , and L. monocytogenes were cultured in trypticase soy broth with 0.6% yeast extract (TSBYE), with (aerobic) shaking or on TSBYE with agar (TSAYE) under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions and harvested in stationary phase. After adding cell suspensions to cellulose filter disks, pathogen survival was determined by enumeration at 0 and after drying for 24 h. Results showed statistical differences in harvested initial populations prior to drying (0 h). For Salmonella , a correlation was found between high initial population and greater survival on desiccation (p = 0.05). In addition, statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) between survival based on growth type were identified. However, differences found were not the same for the three pathogens, or between their serotypes. In general, Salmonella and E. coli desiccation resistance followed the pattern of aerobic agar media ≥ liquid media ≥ anaerobic agar media. For L. monocytogenes serotypes, resistance to desiccation was not statistically different based on mode of growth. These results indicate growth on solid media under aerobic conditions is not always necessary for optimal desiccation survival but may be beneficial when the desiccation resistance of the test serotype is unknown.

scholarly journals Homology among MurC, MurD, MurE and MurF proteins in Escherichia coli and that between E. coli MurG and a possible MurG protein in Bacillus subtilis.

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASATO IKEDA ◽  
MASAAKI WACHI ◽  
HAI KWAN JUNG ◽  
FUMITOSHI ISHINO ◽  
MICHIO MATSUHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
E Coli

Analysis of the Crushing Effect about Ultrasound on E. coli and B. subtilis

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1017-1021
Author(s):  
Xin Ying Wang ◽  
Yong Tao Liu ◽  
Min Hui ◽  
Ji Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Main Factor

Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as objects of the study, ultrasonic fragmentation acted on the bacterial cells in different growth stages, results showed that, it’s similar to the crushing effect of ultrasound on E. coli and B. subtilis cells of different growth stages, the highest crushing rate in the logarithmic phase, reached to 95.8% and 94.3% respectively, the crushing rate of adjustment phase is lowest, maintained at around 60%, the crushing rate stability cell was centered, which can be achieved 90%. The structure of the bacterial cell wall didn’t the main factor to decide the ultrasonic fragmentation effect, but different growth periods of bacterial cells did the determinant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document