scholarly journals Performance evaluation of released bread wheat varieties at mid altitude areas of Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-664
Author(s):  
S. Shibeshi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The World

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal occupying a protruding position among major food crops in the world in terms of acreage and production and is an important cereal crop which is receives the most attention of specialists in plant breeding and production in the world wide in general and in Ethiopia in particular. And also a number of improved bread wheat varieties have been released by different research centres for different agro-ecology in Ethiopia. Evaluate the performance of different bread wheat varieties at diverse agro-ecology is an important for effective selection of the variety. This experiment was conducted on ten bread wheat varieties against local check (Digalu) at Meskan and Dalocha wereda with the objective of identify and recommend high performance in terms of yield, insect pest tolerant, and stable varieties. The varieties were assigned in randomized complete block design with four replication. Data were collected on six major agronomic traits. Based on the mean separation, the highest average grain yield was recorded from Hidasse and Ogolcho varieties with 5210 and 5080 kg/ha respectively. However the lowest average yield (3220kg/ha) was recorded from Digalu variety. In both locations Digalu variety provided the lowest yield due to high susceptibility for stem rust. Statistically, the variety Hidasse gave the highest number of tillers per plant and the tallest spikes length at both locations those are positive contributions to grain yield. There were significantly positive and negative correlations between traits. In this study, it is found that there is 38.19% increment of yield for using Hidasse variety (high yielder) as compared to Digalu variety (low yielder) at the study area. Therefore, farmers located at the study areas are recommended to use Hidasse variety to increase bread wheat yield.

scholarly journals Nutrient uptake, use efficiency and productivity of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in Keddida Gamela Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Godebo ◽  
Fanuel Laekemariam ◽  
Gobeze Loha
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia. The productivity of wheat is markedly constrained by nutrient depletion and inadequate fertilizer application. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizer rates on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and use efficiency during 2019 cropping season on Kedida Gamela Woreda, Kembata Tembaro Zone Southern Ethiopia. Factorial combinations of four rates of N (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg Nha−1) and three rates of K2O (0, 30 and 60 kg Nha−1) in the form of urea (46–0-0) and murate of potash (KCl) (0-0-60) respectively, were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that most parameters viz yield, yield components, N uptake and use efficiency revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) due to interaction effects of N and K. Fertilizer application at the rate of 46 N and 30 kg K ha−1 resulted in high grain yield of 4392 kg ha− 1 and the lowest 1041 from control. The highest agronomic efficiency of N (52.5) obtained from the application of 46 kg N ha−1. Maximum physiological efficiency of N (86.6 kg kg−1) and use efficiency of K (58.6%) was recorded from the interaction of 46 and 30 kg K ha−1. Hence, it could be concluded that applying 46 and 30 kg K ha−1was resulted in high grain yield and economic return to wheat growing farmers of the area. Yet, in order to draw sound conclusion, repeating the experiment in over seasons and locations is recommended.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Yield and Related Traits at Areka, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Yohannes ◽  
Gobeze Loha ◽  
Mesfin Kebede Gessese
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Plant Breeding Program

Common bean is a source of dietary protein and the second most important legume crop in Africa next to faba bean. In Ethiopia common bean is the most important legume as the source of protein and export commodity. Hence, development of commercial varieties is one of the major tasks to meet increasing demand of the stake holders. To this effect, understanding the genetic variability, heritability and association between grain yield and other agronomic traits is necessary for effective plant breeding program. In this context, a field experiment was conducted during 2016/2017 cropping season at Areka Agricultural Research Center in southern Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating common bean genotypes for yield and related traits and also estimate the variability present among the genotypes. Treatments consisted of thirty three common bean genotypes were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Common bean genotypes exhibited considerable variations for agronomic traits and grain yield. Majority of the traits; plant height, number of nodes, internode length, leaf area, LAI, biological yield, pods per plant, HI and HSW had higher PCV. Genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) varied from 1.88% to 37.72% with the highest GCV recorded for HSW. Heritability in broad sense (H2) ranged from 0.52% to 95.33% with the highest value observed for HSW. The present study revealed significant variation among genotypes for traits considered except few insignificant traits. In addition, almost all the genotypes were well adapted to the study area and hence, the high yielding genotypes could be directly used as seed sources for production of common bean and some of the genotypes with best diseases resistance reaction, and with high heritability can possibly be used in common bean improvement program.

Estimates of relative yield potential and genetic improvement of wheat cultivars in the Mediterranean region

2009 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. SENER ◽  
M. ARSLAN ◽  
Y. SOYSAL ◽  
M. ERAYMAN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Mediterranean

SUMMARYInformation about changes associated with advances in crop productivity is essential for understanding yield-limiting factors and developing new strategies for future breeding programmes. National bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields in Turkey have risen by an average of 20·8 kg/ha/year from 1925 to 2006. Annual gain in yield attributable to agronomic and genetic improvement averaged c. 11·6 kg/ha/year prior to 1975, but is now averaging c. 15·1 kg/ha/year. In the Mediterranean region, however, the wheat yield trend line (10·9 kg/ha/year) is c. 0·38 lower than that of Turkey. In order to understand whether such a trend was due to the cultivars released over the years, 16 bread wheat cultivars, commonly grown in the region and representing 23 years of breeding, introduction and selection (from 1976 to 1999), were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replicates across 2 years. Data were collected on maturation time, plant height, spike length, spikelet number/spike, grain number/spike, grain weight/spike, 1000 seed weight, harvest index and grain yield. None of the measured plant traits showed any historical cultivar patterns; therefore, the increase in grain yield could not be attributed to a single yield component. Several physiological traits changed during two decades of cultivar releases in the Mediterranean region that led to a genetic gain in grain yield of about 0·5% per year. Years of data and the present field study in the Mediterranean region suggested that the genetic improvement in wheat seemed inadequate and should be reinforced with modern agricultural management practices as well as technological innovations.

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat yield and soil properties under open and poplar based agroforestry system

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1540-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neema Bisht ◽  
V. K. Sah ◽  
Kavita Satyawali ◽  
Salil Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Open System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wheat Varieties

Field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2013-14 on an established plantation at old site of Agroforestry Research Centre, Patharchatta of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantna-gar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, India to evaluate the effect of poplar based agroforestry system and open system (without poplar) on yield of different wheat varieties and soil physico-chemical properties.The experi-ment was laid out in randomized block design with 4 treatments and each replicated thrice under both the growing conditions. The crop treatments are wheat varieties viz. UP-2572, PBW-550, DBW-711 and PBW-373. The highest grain yield of all the wheat varieties was obtained under open farming system. Highest grain yield of wheat was rec-orded in UP-2572 (45.3 q/ha) under open farming system. Agroforestry is proven land use system for vertically en-hancing soil health against unsuitable weather condition. The distribution of soil properties was detected from the depth 0-15 cm in poplar based agroforestry system and as well as in open system. During the experiment it was found that agroforestry add more nutrients to the soil compared to open system i.e. highest pH (7.9), EC (0.43 dSm-1), available soil nitrogen (253.48 kg/ha), potassium (219.63 kg/ha) were achieved with UP-2572 while organic car-bon (1.07%) and available soil phosphorus (22.72 kg/ha) were attained with DBW-711.

scholarly journals Evaluation of durum wheat varieties for yield and yield related traits in highland areas of southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
S Shibeshi ◽  
D Kassa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Positive Correlations

Durum wheat productivity in Ethiopia is hindered by different factors mainly lack of improved adapted varieties for specific locations. This experiment was done to identify the most performing durum wheat varieties in the tested environment. The average productivity of the tested genotypes were evaluated at two locations (Alicho and Analimo) using randomized complete block design with four replication for two consecutive years (2016 and 2017). The experimental material consists of seven improved durum wheat genotypes. The Combined analysis of variance showed significant (P<0.05) difference among tested genotypes on collected parameter indicating the presence of adequate variability. The highest average grain yield recorded was 4446 kg ha-1 from Hitosa variety while the lowest obtained was 3634 kg ha-1 from Denbi variety. Grain yield had strong positive correlations (P<0.01) with plant height, number of seed spike-1 and biomass. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 26-28, June 2021

Evaluation of Chickpea Varieties Growing on Residual Moisture of Vertisols in Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allito BB ◽  
◽  
Geda CG ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Residual Moisture ◽  
Yield Attributes

Vertisols are suited to dry-land crop production in semi-arid environments since the residual moisture in the soil can support crop growth after the end of the rainy season. However, traditional cropping systems seldom utilize residual moisture of Vertisols for crop production. Farmers need suitable crop species to sustain and enhance their production under such soil and climatic conditions. Chickpea is the strategic crop well adapted to Vertisols and derives most of its water requirements from the residual soil moisture. Yet, different chickpea varieties found to adapt and produce different yields at different locations. The experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2016 and 2017) on farmers training centers in two districts of Southern Ethiopia. Six released varieties; Arerti, Habru, Yelibe, Naatolii, Fetenech, Kutaye and a Local check were used for the experiment. The trials were laid in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Data were collected on phenological traits, growth and yield attributes, and grain yield. The results showed that there was significant variation among the tested chickpea varieties in all the agronomic traits recorded. Varieties Arerti and Habru revealed superiority in grain yield, pod setting, hundred seed weight and biomass over the Local check across locations. Based on yielding performance and farmers’ preference, varieties Arerti and Habru are recommended for production in the selected districts and similar agro-ecologies in southern Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield and agronomic traits of new winter bread wheat cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Bekir Aktas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Growing Seasons

Yield and quality attributes of 13 bread wheat cultivars registered for Thrace region in 2018 and 5 standard bread wheat cultivars were determined and compared in this study. Tested cultivars are originated from Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Austria and Ukraine. Experiments were conducted in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons. Since the locations were not equally distributed to growing seasons, statistical analyses for yield and other parameters were performed through assuming each location as an environment. Therefore, assessments were made over 7 environments. Environment (E) explained 54.9% of the total variation (E+G+GEI), genotype (G) and genotype ? environment interaction (GEI) generated 25.6% and 19.5%, respectively. GGE (Genotype + Genotype by environment interaction) biplot analysis was able to explain 78.51% of variation in grain yield. Trial environments gathered under 3 mega-environments. Of the cultivars registered in 2018, Adali, Bc Anica, Topkapi, FDL Miranda, Otilia, ZT Ziyade, Viktoria and Dragana had values larger than the average and thus they had the largest PC1 (Principal component 1) scores. Tested cultivars were also assessed based on vector lengths to average environment coordinate (AEC). Adali cultivar with a high PC1 score and the closest position to AEC apsis was found to be quite prominent for grain yield. In environment-focused assessments, E3, E4 and E5 had the closest position to ideal environment circle. With regard to physical quality attributes, Pehlivan, Bojana and Adali cultivars had high performance values. The cultivar Bojana, Topkapi and Iveta had protein contents above 15%. For Zeleny sedimentation values, Krasunia odes?ka had the best performance.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Early Maturing Ground Nut Varieties in West Guji lowland, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Ejigu Ejara ◽  
Kemal Kitaba ◽  
Zinash Misganaa ◽  
Mulatu Gabisa ◽  
Ganene Tesama
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Groundnut is an important oil seed crop, grown throughout the tropics and sub tropics worldwide. It is one of the three economically important oilseed crops grown in Ethiopia. Groundnut is commonly produced by small scale farmers as food and cash crops in the study area. The area has potential to the production of Ground nut for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate five Ground nut varieties and select early maturing varieties with considerable yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 at Abaya and varieties were planted in Randomized complete block design (RCBD). Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. The computed analysis of variance revealed significant variations among varieties for days to maturity, number of primary branches, number of pegs per plants, Grain yield and shelling percentage. The pooled over year mean of varieties indicated , Tole- 1 variety ( Check) is high yielding with mean grain yield of 4174.7kg followed by variety Sedi (3552.5kg/ha) and Babile local (3550.4kg/ha).Variety Sedi has special merit in terms of earliness and therefore recommended for moisture stress areas of Abaya and location with similar agro ecologies while Tole -1 (Standard check) is high yielding varieties and should be used in production until new varieties will be developed through selection/breeding program.

scholarly journals Variability of quantitative and qualitative traits of coloured winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Žofajová ◽  
Michaela Havrlentová ◽  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Maroš Juraška ◽  
Barbora Michalíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Goal ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
Grain Colour

Abstract The aim of research was to analyse winter wheat of different grain colour and to compare newly bred coloured genotypes from our breeding in grain yield and technological and nutritional quality. The set of seven purple, five blue and four yellow wheats of different origin, including seven newly bred genotypes from Vígľaš-Pstruša, was evaluated in the field experiments established by randomised complete block design in two replications in Piešťany, in the vegetations 2012/13 and 2013/14. In seven wheat varieties differing in grain colours (selected after two of each colour plus control red variety Ilona) anthocyanin composition was evaluated by HPLC analysis. Significant differences were between growing years and among colour groups in most analysed traits. Blue grain newly bred K 3575 699/3 showed the highest anthocyanin content (by 33.5% higher compared to blue grain registered variety Scorpion). However, blue grain genotypes showed negative agronomic traits combined with low number and grain weight per spike and high plant height. In new purple variety PS Karkulka, declared grain yield and its quality were confirmed and the highest mineral content (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) was found in selected set. Purple grain newly bred PS 5711 had lower anthocyanin content (by 17.7%), but in quality it was comparable to PS Karkulka. Varieties with yellow endosperm showed the highest number and weight of grains per spike, however it was significantly lower to Ilona. The breeding goal of coloured winter wheat is still to improve the grain yield as well as additional agronomics traits.

scholarly journals The Effect of N Fertilizer Application Timing on Wheat Yield on Chernozem Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1413
Author(s):  
Marko M. Kostić ◽  
Aristotelis C. Tagarakis ◽  
Nataša Ljubičić ◽  
Dragana Blagojević ◽  
Mirjana Radulović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
N Application ◽  
Time Of Application

The challenges of the global food supply and environment conservation require ongoing scientific observations of soil-to-plant and plant-to-environment interactions with the aim of improving agriculture resource management. This study included observations of winter wheat yield and biomass of four varieties over three consecutive growing seasons and four site-year cases to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization rate and time of application on grain yield and biomass. For different wheat varieties, the full factorial design was performed, where factorial combinations of year, location, fall and spring N applications were laid out in a randomized complete block design. The N rate significantly influenced grain yield and biomass production efficiency. The time of N application had a highly significant effect on grain yield, biomass and NUE traits. The N rate of 120 kg ha−1 was recognized as a breakpoint over which the grain yield and biomass showed a downtrend. N application in the fall had a significantly higher impact on grain yield and biomass compared to spring N application. The major contribution of wheat variability production belongs to seasonal climate circumstances (<85%) and consequential intrinsic soil properties. The average difference of grain yield between varieties was 15.75%, and 12% of biomass, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document