Reciprocal Processes of Human Dying and Its Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Alexey E. Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Mind

Introduction. In this article, we investigate the reasons for the “disappearance” of man in the context of his rejection of God, history, culture, nature. We are interested in a two-fold approach to understanding death: a) all perishable and imitative activity is a signal of the dying of both consciousness and a person; b) a material, fractional and secular person cannot construct Beauty, Truth, Eternity. Methods. The interdisciplinary approach showed a kink in a person from different angles. The hermeneutic approach helped to reveal the inner content of the concept of “death”. The systems approach showed the breadth of the studied object of death, affecting all institutional structures and spheres of life. The structural-functional method helped to present the phenomenon of death in a detailed manifestation both in ontogeny and phylogeny. The value-institutional analysis helped to realize the stability of the social order through the fixation of basic values in the mind. General scientific methods of cognition were used: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, the unity of the logical and the historical, the ascent from the concrete to the abstract. Results. If a person does not have transcendences, then the focus of understanding narrows, and the spiritual and moral parameters are replaced by consumerist ones. If a person defends only the immanence of being, then in a lonely and lonely state, his remoteness from the Primary Source means his own sentence to contentment with the ultimate “nothing”. Charles Tylor, through the concept of a “closed” or “horizontal” world, defines the nonsense of a person who is inside a transcendental structure. Discussion and Conclusion. The theme of death has shown the “cross-cutting nature” of the problem of domination/dependence on human death throughout the history of philosophy.

scholarly journals WAS J. BENTHAM THE FIRST LEGAL UTILITARIAN?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-471
Author(s):  
Igor V. Kolosov ◽  
Konstantin E. Sigalov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Policy ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
The Us ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Statutory Regulation ◽  
Theoretical Component

Legal utilitarianism is attractive for practice because this field of legal thought and philosophy of law sets out a particular direction of legal policy and statutory regulation (focus on the utility principle in decision-making) that can, under certain reservations, be used to improve people's lives. Most scholars conclude that the first utilitarian was J. Bentham. However, scientific studies prevalently do not involve the analysis of earlier legal doctrines in relation to the use of utility principle. Thus, the relevance and scientific novelty of analysis of the origin of legal utilitarianism is associated with the need to develop a theoretical component of this doctrine that is of current interest for the legal policy and to enlarge the underdeveloped - in our opinion - theoretical framework of legal utilitarianism genesis. The purpose is to identify the first theory in the history of legal thought, which can be classified as legal utilitarianism, and, if such theory is the J. Bentham's utilitarianism, to determine the reasons why earlier theories based on the utility principle cannot be classified as legal utilitarianism. The theoretical basis of the article is materials such as original sources by various thinkers whose works are based on the utility principle and scientific papers of European and the US researchers. For the purpose of the article, the following methodological tools were used: metaphysical (dialectic method), general (analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, analogy, comparison) and specific (historical and legal-historical) scientific methods. The main outcome of the research is identification of distinct features of pre-Bentham legal thought based on the utility principle and identification of pre-requisites and basis (provisions which had formed the basis) for J. Bentham's utilitarianism, as well as the answer to the question: Was J. Bentham the first legal utilitarian?.

scholarly journals Evolution of correlation of terms sign and symbol in general semiotics, linguistics, and cultural studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Pashkova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Conclusion ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Linguistic Methods

The purpose of the article is to analyze the views on the relation between sign and symbol in modern linguistics and cultural studies and to formulate a theoretical conclusion in order to avoid misunderstandings in scientific works. The methodology is based on the application of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the central concepts of semiotics, linguistics, and cultural studies. In addition to general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a cultural-genetic method was used, as well as such linguistic methods as descriptive, comparative, methods of functional and conceptual-ideographic analysis. The scientific novelty of the study is that it first revealed the cause of differences in the interpretation of the relation between sign and symbol in traditional semiotics, modern linguistic and cultural studies, and formulated recommendations for their definition. Conclusions. It is proved that the opposition of sign and symbol in modern humanities is based on the special symbolism of the symbol, which distinguishes it from the other signs, classified by Ch. Pierce in traditional semiotics. Genetically, a symbol is a sign that has developed particular anthropogenic trait distinctions, contrasting with other signs, which nevertheless does not completely remove its sign properties and functions.

General Theoretical Aspects of Legal Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2047
Author(s):  
Anatolii KRYZHANOVSKYI ◽  
Denys MANKO ◽  
Olena SIERYKH ◽  
Natalia ATAMANOVA ◽  
Antonina ZGHAMA
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Development ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Legal Communication ◽  
Quantitative Changes

The processes of globalization (that have taken place over the last decades) have contributed too many transformations in legal processes. The same changes are being followed in legal development. Therefore, it is important to analyze the general theoretical aspects of legal development at the present stage. The purpose of this work is to study the general theoretical aspects of legal development. The object of the study is the general theoretical aspects of legal development. The subject of the study is the public relations that influence legal development, as well as the analysis of patterns and general theoretical aspects of such development. The research methodology consists of general theoretical and special scientific methods, namely: hermeneutic method, system-structural method, structural-functional method, historical-legal method, comparative - legal method, formal-logical methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, proof and refutation, comparison, generalization). As a result of the research, the general theoretical aspects of legal development are analyzed, the peculiarities of formation and existence of qualitative and quantitative changes in the legal sphere of public life are revealed, reflecting the level of legal development of an individual and community of people, the degree of perfection of forms of their legal communication and interaction.  

scholarly journals THE ESSENCE OF THE MAP SEMÌOTICS PROVISIONS OF THE CARTOGRAPHIC MODELLING IN EDUCATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Anatoliyovych Molochko ◽  
Anatoliy Mykolayovych Molochko ◽  
Viktoriia Valeriivna Molochko
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Object Language ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Public Activity ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Cartographic Modeling

Purpose. Highlight the essence of the cartosemiotic positions of cartographic modeling in education. Methods. Based on fundamental scientific positions and general and concrete scientific methods, systems approach, analysis and synthesis, abstract, concrete and generalized, historical and chronological, comparative geographical, cartographic modeling and carto-semiological analysis. Results. Cartosemiotics was formed at the junction of cartography and semiotics, linguistic science, which explores the properties of signs and sign systems as language formations. The importance of considering its provisions in education is associated with the existing bilateral relations between people who create, transmit and perceive cartographic signs and these signs. Scientific novelty. Without organizing the development of the rules of this language and using its means of displaying reality, it is impossible for extended reproduction in society of acquired cartographic knowledge and the use of their promising possibilities, the requirements for which are constantly increasing. The practical significance. Due to the wide use of the object language of maps in various spheres of public activity, in particular in education.

scholarly journals POVERTY IN RUSSIA: REGIONAL FEATURES AND PROSPECTS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION INSTRUMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
A.A. Razumov ◽  
◽  
O.V. Selivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Regional Programs

The article examines the theoretical and methodological, and methodical approaches to the definition and measurement of poverty, proposed by international organizations and Russian and foreign experts, and shows their evolution. The paper reveals the relationship between socio-economic crises leading to a worsening employment situation and the level of poverty. The subject of the research is poverty in Russian regions and regional programs contributing to its reduction. The aim of the study is to monitor and analyze regional data on poverty reduction in Russian regions. Methods of work: dialectical method of cognition, systems approach, structural analysis, comparative approach, methods of statistical information processing, general scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, etc.), analysis of the materials provided by Russian regions. Research results: the reasons and specific features of the regional poverty in Russia are determined, considering the multifactorial territorial differentiation; based on the monitoring of regional programs, existing measures to reduce poverty were systematized and classified, and the most promising instruments for reducing poverty were substantiated both in the area of employment and wage policies and in the area of increasing efficiency of social support measures. The scope of application: the results of the analysis and monitoring of regional programs to reduce the share of the population with incomes below the subsistence level and the proposals and recommendations formulated on their basis, can be used by federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the Russian regions in the development of poverty reduction mechanisms both at the territorial and federal levels.

scholarly journals UNDERGROUND MOSQUES OF MANGYSTAU AS THE OBJECTS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Asima G. КOSHIM ◽  
◽  
Aigul M. SERGEYEVA ◽  
Kuat T. SAPAROV ◽  
Sveta K. BERDYBAEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Complex Methods

A distinctive feature of Mangystau is a significant number of underground mosques that have existed within the region since the X-XIII centuries. The purpose of the study is to analyze and assess the current state of underground mosques and the prospects for their use as objects for the development of tourism. The study was carried out as a result of the use of complex methods: dialectical, retrospective, systemic and logical analysis, as well as general scientific methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis. Underground mosques in Mangistau region play an important role in the development of tourism in Kazakhstan. The analysis shows that the objects carved into the rock are unique underground structures that differ in the peculiarity and history of their formation. The research results can be used in theoretical and methodological research on this topic. The research materials show that in the Mangistau region it is necessary to study the religious heritage using a rich resource base and develop new tour programs that will increase the region's tourism pportunities and the development of all types of religious tourism.

scholarly journals CONSTITUTIONAL COURT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM IN MOLDOVA AND RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-850
Author(s):  
Marina V. Markhgeym ◽  
Alevtina E. Novikova ◽  
Maria I. Rosenko ◽  
Natalya P. Katorgina ◽  
Evgeniy E. Tonkov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Administration System ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scientific System ◽  
Legal Mechanism

Purpose: The article considers the place and the role of the Constitutional Court of Moldova in the system of government. Methodology: The study was based on the dialectic approach to the disclosure of legal phenomena and processes using general scientific (system, logical, analysis and synthesis) and particular scientific methods. Result: They studied the range of issues related to its activities. They noted the problems that lead to the imbalance of authorities, including dangerous trends of constitutional court use by political groups to solve their problems and achieve political goals. They showed the positive experience of the constitutional and legal mechanism to develop a body of constitutional jurisdiction of Russia, through which they provide the stability of this state body, impartiality, and independence in decision-making, and the impossibility of turning the body of constitutional control into an object of political manipulation. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Constitutional Court in Public Administration System in Moldova and Russia is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals Ensuring the Central Bank Discretion in Issuing Stabilization Loans in Times of Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Oleg Podtserkovnyi ◽  
Kristina Vozniakovska
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Forecasting Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Restrictive Measures

Restrictive measures imposed by governments around the world to counter the Covid-19 pandemic undoubtedly have a negative impact on the economy. One of the instruments of the state, which makes it possible to save entire sectors of the economy, including the banking sector, from bankruptcy, is the stabilization loans of the central bank. Accordingly, the analysis of the discretionary powers of central banks and their governing bodies in issuing stabilization loans to overcome the economic consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic is relevant and timely. The authors used different scientific methods, such as the dialectical method, the method of comparison, the method of elementary-theoretical analysis and synthesis, the hermeneutic and the forecasting analysis. As a result of the study, the authors substantiated a definition of the powers of the governing body of the central bank in making decisions on the provision of stabilization loans to banks, as part of the function of the central bank to maintain the stability of the national currency and the indicative regulation of banks. The authors concluded that there is a need for an expanded approach to the limits of the discretion of the central bank, on the basis of harmonization of economic purpose of decisions on the issuance of stabilization loans to banks, in accordance with the constitution and the laws.

scholarly journals Galician Nationalism: History and Modernity

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Valentyna Hodlevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Methods

The purpose of the article is to cover the history and determine the relevance of Galician nationalism. The origin and development of the nationalist movement in the region is analyzed. In our study general scientific and special historical and political science methods were applied. The general scientific methods (deductive and inductive, analysis and synthesis) were used as specific cognitive tools necessary to implement the principles of historicism, systematicism and objectivity. The general and special historical methods (historical-typological, statistical, comparative-historical, problem-chronological) allowed us to make a comprehensive analysis of the problem of Galician nationalism. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author, for the first time in the national historical science, analyzes the features of Galician nationalism, the history of its development and the current state. Galician nationalism took shape in the 19th century. Among the predecessors of Galician nationalism, three movements can be distinguished: provincialism, federalism, and regionalism. Provincialism (later called Galicianism) was a movement that emerged in 1840 with the aim of protecting the integrity of the territory of Galicia. Regionalism became an intermediate phase in the evolution of the Galician movement between provincialism and nationalism. Galician federalism began to develop in 1865. The federalists argued that Galicia should be formed as a canton within Spain and that it be governed by its own cantonal constitution. Conclusions. As one of the four historic autonomous regions of Spain (along with Catalonia, the Basque Country and Andalusia), Galicia is significantly different in its understanding of its own nationalism. While Catalonia and the Basque Country strive for even greater independence, including threats of secession from the state, the nationalist movement in Galicia is becoming less tangible.

URBANIZATION AS A FACTOR OF THE FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF MUSIC PROFENCIONAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
Ilya N. Suetin ◽  
Rashit A. Mukhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Culture ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Political Economic

Introduction. The development of domestic music vocational education is currently influenced by various factors: political, economic, demographic, etc. One of the socio-economic factors can be attributed to the processes of urbanization. Studying and using the historical experience of forming a system of musical vocational education in Russia in the context of urbanization can contribute to the development of an effective state strategy for the development of a training system for a musician-practitioner at the present stage. Materials and Methods. The study made an attempt to provide more complete coverage of the work of domestic scientists on the history of domestic urbanization and the history of domestic musical vocational education. In the study and synthesis of scientific sources used methods of theoretical interdisciplinary analysis and synthesis, methods of comparative historiographical analysis. The study used comparative historical, historical and typological methods, as well as general scientific methods of system and structural-functional analysis. Results. The paper presents evidence that as a result of administrative and territorial reforms, an increase in population, the development of education, culture and education, there is a need for qualified specialists (including a music profile). Conclusion. The study showed that as a result of a legitimate public request for professional musicians, educators and performing musicians, and thanks to the activities of the Imperial Russian Musical Society in the second half of the XIX century, a network of musical educational institutions (music classes, music colleges, conservatories) was formed vocational education.

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