scholarly journals Identity Politics in the Context of Nation Building and Integration-Oriented Interaction: The Case of the Union State of Belarus and Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-753
Author(s):  
Olga V. Bakhlova ◽  
Igor V. Bakhlov
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Derived Categories ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ambiguous Effect ◽  
Political Governance

Introduction. In the processes of nation building and integration, it is particularly important to increase the consolidation potential of emerging communities through identity politics. The totality of challenges, threats and risks determines the need for a balanced combination of its dimensions, taking into account national and common interests of countries. In the post-Soviet space, the Union State of Belarus and Russia acts as a platform for dialogue. The aim of the study is to outline the contours of the construct of supranational identity within the framework of the Union State and to define the degree of its conjugation with the category of “national identityˮ in the discursive practices of the political leadership of Russia and Belarus. Materials and Methods. The study is based on official documents representing the specifics of interpretation of identity politics by the presidents of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, as well as on materials associated with the functioning of the Union State. Content analysis, the comparative method, and scenario analysis were employed when examining the documents. Results. The research and expert assessments of the internal and external dimensions of the identity politics of the member states, as well as the basic and derived categories of the official discourse have been analyzed; the constants and dominants, similarities and differences in the stands of Russia and Belarus have been revealed. It has also been demonstrated that there has been no fundamental contradiction in their understanding of the priorities of nation and Union building. At the same time, disagreements on a number of topical issues have been identified. The leitmotif of the official discourse is giving absolute priority to sovereignty, which has an ambiguous effect on the course of the integration of Russia and Belarus. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted study has confirmed the hypothesis that identity politics is multilevel for the states involved in integration-oriented interaction; at the current stage, it remains complex and incomplete. The states demonstrate prevalence of the internal dimension of identity politics and “restrictiveˮ perception of its external dimension, which affects the prospects for promoting the construct of “dualˮ identity. At the same time, the Union State remains an essential integration format for Russia from the geopolitical and civilizational perspective. The approach proposed by the authors and the results obtained, which articulate the correlation of tasks in terms of nation building and integration policy, may help to improve the efficiency of political governance.

scholarly journals KAZAKH CULTURA AS THE BASIC FOR THE NATION-BUILDING OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
A. Bizhanov ◽  
◽  
A. Amrebayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cultural Genesis

The article is devoted to the study of the role of the factor of Kazakh ethnicity in the process of nation-building in Kazakhstan. In the opinion of the authors of the article, the Kazakh cultural beginning is the system-forming and founding nation, the beginning. The birth of statehood itself on the territory of modern Kazakhstan is associated with the ethnic and cultural genesis of the Kazakhs. At the same time, in the period of modern times, Kazakhstan was also formed as a multicultural community of peoples. The acquisition of modern independence by the republic in 1991 is associated with national, and, above all, Kazakh, revival, restoration of the Kazakh cultural origin as a system-forming nation. The authors focus on these processes not only of the cultural revival of the Kazakh people, but also of its dominance in all other spheres of life, for example, such as political-ideological and socio-economic. This objective process is reflected in the institutional and structuralfunctional aspects of nation-building, strengthening the role and significance of the Kazakh language as the state language in the country, modern demographic trends, the formation of Kazakh civil political culture and, in fact, the model of the formation of national identity. Scientists pay attention to the peculiarities of the Kazakh model of multiculturalism, the basic values of modern Kazakh society, in which such principles as common interests, social stability, tolerance, loyalty of society to the institutions of power, the culture of cooperation and social comunitarism have taken root. The authors come to the conclusion that the Kazakh model of social project, which is based on the Kazakh social partnership, is the guarantor of sustainable and progressive social development. Attempts to disavow or belittle the value of Kazakh identity or replace it with any other artificial formats under the influence of external factors can have the most negative impact on social stability and constructive, progressive social development. According to scientists, further social transformation is associated, first of all, with the strengthening, modern content, expansion and rooting of the Kazakh cultural origin in the process of nation-building in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Nation-building mechanisms and correlation of identities: regional dimension (experience of the republics of Mari El and Mordovia, 2013–2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-302
Author(s):  
Olga V. Bakhlova ◽  
Igor V. Bakhlov
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Cultural Organizations ◽  
Ethnic Capital ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internet Portals ◽  
Coupling Mechanisms

Introduction. Nation-building is a long-term historical process that covers many areas, directions and levels. The complex composition of the Russian population and the federative structure actualize its regional dimension. The specifics and dynamics of this dimension are shown on the example of the Republics of Mari El and Mordovia, and their peoples who participated in the formation of the Russian State for centuries. The main tasks touch upon the characterization of regulatory options for the correlation of identities, content and vectors of discursive practices of national authorities, coupling mechanisms of nation-building from the perspective of identity politics to relate to the experience of both republics. Materials and Methods. The main sources were official documents of the Republic of Mari El and the Republic of Mordovia, materials that form the content of Republican Internet portals. The research was based on system, dialectical and institutional approaches, modernist constructivism and instrumentalism. The key methods are historical and diachronic, as well as multi-level and comparative analysis, and document study. Results and Discussion. The paper revealed constants and dominants of the experience of the republics of Mari El and Mordovia in the context of nation-building and identity politics. It defined dynamic changes in the period 2013–2019 and their correlation with the previous development of the Republics as Soviet autonomies and national-state entities within the Russian Federation. It emphasizes the main internal points for the specified period that demonstrate the adjustment of reference points in the ratio of identities. Conclusion. The experience of the Republics of Mari El and Mordovia in the studied perspective is evaluated as positive, but it testifies the maintenance of continuing limitations of the institutional plan both for the positioning of regional elites and for promoting effective mechanisms of nation-building at the regional level. The evolution of their practices is associated with a decrease in the value of ethnic capital as a political tool, reduction / elimination of attributes of post-Soviet strategies for sovereignization, and constructive activation of ethno-cultural organizations in Russian national projects.

scholarly journals Identity Politics in Managing the System Risks of Nation-Building: On the Example of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dunaev ◽  
Valentina Kurganskaya ◽  
Mukhtarbek Shaikemelev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Foundations

AbstractIn previous years, the evolution of nation-building politics in the Republic of Kazakhstan was characterized by an alternation of tactical schemes that actualized either the ethnocultural or civil-political foundations of statehood. At present, the emerging common Kazakhstani culture is becoming the basis for mutually agreed development of ethnocultural and civic identity as its own elements. In the system of common Kazakhstani culture, the civil and ethnocultural models of the nation are the poles or attractors of the process of self-organization of a single nationwide Kazakhstan identity. The optimal identity politics in the nation-building risk management in the conditions of modern Kazakhstan is to adopt the point of view of the whole set of identification models and to maintain the dynamic balance of conflicting identities through the mechanism of mutual checks and balances.

Illustrated Media, the Built Environment and Identity Politics in Fin-de-siècle Catalonia: Printing Images, Making the Nation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-135
Author(s):  
Lucila Mallart
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This article explores the role of visuality in the identity politics of fin-de-siècle Catalonia. It engages with the recent reevaluation of the visual, both as a source for the history of modern nation-building, and as a constitutive element in the emergence of civic identities in the liberal urban environment. In doing so, it offers a reading of the mutually constitutive relationship of the built environment and the print media in late-nineteenth century Catalonia, and explores the role of this relation as the mechanism by which the so-called ‘imagined communities’ come to exist. Engaging with debates on urban planning and educational policies, it challenges established views on the interplay between tradition and modernity in modern nation-building, and reveals long-term connections between late-nineteenth-century imaginaries and early-twentieth-century beliefs and practices.

Sport and nationalism in the Republic of North Macedonia

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vasiliki P. Neofotistos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Product ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
National History ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Republic

Using the Republic of North Macedonia as a case study, this article analyzes the processes through which national sports teams’ losing performance acquires a broad social and political significance. I explore claims to sporting victory as a direct product of political forces in countries located at the bottom of the global hierarchy that participate in a wider system of coercive rule, frequently referred to as empire. I also analyze how public celebrations of claimed sporting victories are intertwined with nation-building efforts, especially toward the global legitimization of a particular version of national history and heritage. The North Macedonia case provides a fruitful lens through which we can better understand unfolding sociopolitical developments, whereby imaginings of the global interlock with local interests and needs, in the Balkans and beyond.

How Europeans adopted Anatolia and created Turkey

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK JAN ZÜRCHER
Keyword(s):  
Political Leadership ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Secular Modernity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Small Band ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Turkish Society

The Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923. In the first 20 years of its existence, the political leadership of the republic embarked on a process of nation building in Anatolia and at the same time changed the face of Turkish society, stamping on it a particular brand of secular modernity. This article tries to find out what were the common characteristics of the small band of men who made up the leadership of the republic and to what extent their shared background and experience can help explain the course they charted for Turkey after its creation. One of the conclusions is that Turkey, although located geographically for more than 90% in Asia, is in fact a creation of Europeans, who shaped the country after their own image.

“Wild West,” “Gangster,” and “Desperado” Feelings: The Perception of the “West” in Youth Subcultures in Hungary in the 1960s

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 180-198
Author(s):  
Sándor Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Moral Panics ◽  
The West ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
Youth Cultures ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Youth Subcultures ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThe images of the “modern youth” and moral panics concerning the youth as a metaphor played an important part in the identity construction process throughout Cold War Europe. For Hungarian youth the West represented the land of promise and desires, albeit their knowledge of the Western other was highly limited and controlled by the socialist state. But how did the partly unknown West and its “folk devils” become the objects of desire in the East? For Western youngsters it seemed to be easier to realize their cultural preferences, however, youth cultures of the sixties were represented in the transnational discourses as manifestations of intra-generational, parent–adolescent conflicts not only in the Eastern Bloc, but also in Western democracies. The perception of the parent–child conflict became a cornerstone of the studies on the sixties, and the youth studies represented youth subcultures as “countercultures.” This paper addresses the role of the official discourse in the construction of “youth cultures” which lies at the heart of identity politics concerning youngsters. It looks at some of the youth subcultures which emerged in socialist Hungary and, in particular how “Eastern” youth perceived “the West,” and how their desires concerning the “Western cultures” were represented in the official discourse. It also seeks to show that borders created in the mind between “East” and “West” worked not only in the way that the “iron curtain” did, but it also became a cultural practice to create social identities following the patterns of Eastern and Western differentiation in the socialist countries.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Characteristics of Tourism Economy in the Republic of Tunisia

REGIONOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 224-245
Author(s):  
Marina A. Zhulina ◽  
Vyacheslav M. Kitsis ◽  
Svetlana V. Saraykina
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The Political ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Tourism is a dynamic, constantly developing sector of the economy. Tourism economy develops along with the society, recreation and tourism. The purpose of the article is to show the features of the impact of tourism on the national economy using the case of Tunisia. The experience of Tunisia is especially useful for the countries where beach recreation has developed and where the political situation has remained difficult for a long time (Egypt, Turkey, Thailand, etc.). Materials and Methods. The article is based on the statistical data provided by the World Tourism Organization, the World Data Atlas and open Internet sources. The study employed general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, synthesis, comparison, etc.) and special ones (the methods of mathematical statistics, the graphical method, the comparative method, etc.). Results. For the first time, the article has provided a fairly complete description of the macroeconomic indicators characterizing the level of development of international tourism in Tunisia. The article has analyzed the dynamics of inbound and outbound tourism, discussed the factors affecting the volume of international tourism, considered international tourism expenditures and revenues, which to a large extent have a positive or negative impact on the country’s balance of payments. The trends in the development of international tourism in Tunisia have been revealed and the problems facing the industry have been identified. Discussion and Conclusion. The research has revealed that tourism economy largely depends on the political and economic processes taking place in the country. The current level of macroeconomic indicators of tourism economy in Tunisia lags behind the 2008–2009 figures. The results of the study made it possible to assess the current state of international tourism and make a number of suggestions aimed at increasing the level of development of international tourism in the country. The results of the study can contribute to the development of a program aimed to boost tourism economy in Tunisia, one of the key tasks of which should be that of increasing performance at the macro-level.

scholarly journals Relative Deprivation, Identity Politics and the Neo-Biafran Movement in Nigeria: Critical Issues of Nation-Building in a Postcolonial African State

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Remi Chukwudi Okeke
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
African State ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the linkages between relative deprivation and identity politics in a postcolonial state. It further investigates the relationship among these variables and nation-building challenges in the postcolony. It is a case study of the Nigerian state in West Africa, which typically harbours the attributes of postcoloniality and indeed, large measures of relative deprivation in her sociopolitical and economic affairs. The study is also an interrogation of the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. It has been attempted in the study to offer distinctive explanations over the problematique of nation-building in the postcolonial African state of Nigeria, using relative deprivation, identity politics and the neo-Biafran movement as variables. In framing the study’s theoretical trajectories and in historicizing the background of the research, ample resort has been made to a significant range of qualitative secondary sources. A particularly salient position of the study is that it will actually be difficult to locate on the planet, any group of people whose subsequent generations (in perpetuity) would wear defeat on the war front, as part of their essential identity. Hence, relative deprivation was found to be more fundamental than identity politics in the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. However, the compelling issues were found to squarely border on nation-building complications in the postcolony.

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