scholarly journals Veritical integration in meat industry: case of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Vitaly Zinovchuk ◽  
Vita Rud
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Internal Interaction ◽  
New Vision

The meat industry is strategically important sector of Ukraine national economy due to its role in providing the country food security as well as its entering into international markets. The problem of research is connected with the need of meat industry in a new vision of management principles, organizational design and internal interaction mechanism as well as the changing development motivation. The aim of the research is the substantiation of the meat industry organizational structure development based on different models of vertical integration. The research methodology supposes the use of statistical analysis, the logical model construction, monographic analysis, the method of expert appraisals. As the study results, five organizational models have been proposed for vertical integration in meat industry (contracting, corporation, holding, cluster and a vertical marketing system). The models’ advantages and the ways of their development as well as the problem points and the possibilities to overcome them have been specified. The role of vertical integration in the creation of value-added products has been discovered.

scholarly journals Mediation by Organizational Design in the Influence of Organizational Ambidexterity on the Performance of Large Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Mutisya ◽  
Peter K'Obonyo ◽  
Kennedy Ogollah ◽  
James M. Njihia
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Study Results

The aim of this study was to establish the role of organizational design in the organizational ambidexterity - performance relationship among large manufacturing firms (LMFs) in Kenya. The studies linking ambidexterity to organizational performance are few and with mixed findings. The few studies indicate that there is no clear ambidexterity - organizational performance relationship. The research was founded on dynamic capabilities and configurations theories. Based on the reviewed literature, a conceptual model and hypotheses were formulated. The study was guided by positivist philosophy. The population of the research was the entire 107 Kenyan large manufacturing firms (LMFs). Cross-sectional research design was used. Primary data in respect of predictor variables was used and was collected using a structured questionnaire. The respondents were the senior managers of the large manufacturing firms (LMFs) in Kenya; namely Chief Executive Officers/Managing Directors (CEOs/MDs) or General Managers (GMs), or Heads of departments (HODs). Descriptive statistics, correlations, linear, multiple and hierarchical regressions were applied in the data scrutiny and interpretation. The study results showed partial organizational design mediating role in the organizational ambidexterity - performance association of LMFs in Kenya. The study findings are useful to practitioners and managers of LMFs, policymakers in government as well as scholars and researchers. The study recommends further studies on the mediating role of organizational design, different variable operationalization, diversify respondents and context as well as longitudinal study.

scholarly journals Challenges and Solutions for Organizational Design in Urban Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Máté Szilárd Csukás ◽  
Viktor Bukovszki ◽  
András Reith
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Final Design

Digitalization in cities – often branded as smart city (SC) transition – carry the potential for highly inclusive, evidence-based decision making in urban planning, responding to the increasing pressures cities face. However, investments have thus far been slower to deliver the expected impacts. Thus, the attention of the discourse is turning towards organizational structures addressing complexity, scalability, and procedural challenges of SC transition. Given such turn has regime-challenging implications, there is a need for practice-based research in the niches of SC transition, supporting policymaking inductively. This study outlines the barriers inherent in conventional organizational models (public sector, private-supplier, and academic-professional) to SC transition, and makes a case for alternative models. The barriers are retrieved through an extensive literature review, and a series of focus groups with key stakeholders involved in SC transition, and processed as a design problem for a new organizational model. The final design is a nested platform model based on open innovation and a lean approach to urban planning. The paper concludes with a proof of concept to overcome organizational barriers, validated by the stakeholder focus groups. Keywords: urban planning, platform, open innovation, assessment, smart city, organizational models

scholarly journals New Factors of Organizational Design in a Digital Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Mikhail Zakaryan ◽  
Violetta Tibilova
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Design ◽  
National Development ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Invariant System ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
National Programs ◽  
Economics And Politics

In this paper, we propose an invariant system of factors for the organizational structure of activities in all spheres of society's life in order to systematize new organizational factors that arise during the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" and other national development programs of Russia until 2024, integrated with it. The proposed invariant system of organizational factors in society is based on the results of the analysis of organizational concepts in the system of social sciences. The article examines the nature and mechanisms of its development. In the invariant system of organizational factors in society, four groups of antinomian factors are defined, each of which can enter into antinomy relations with any other group of antinomian factors. These groups of antinomian factors are formed, firstly, in equipment and nature, secondly, in culture and art, thirdly, in economics and politics, fourthly, in science and religion. Equipment and nature give rise to give rise to a group of conditioning factors, since these factors determine the means of activity. Culture and art generate determinants factors, as these factors determine the way one operates. Economics and politics give rise to executing factors, since these factors determine the technology of activity. Finally, science and religion give rise to setting factors, as they determine the methodology of activity. For organizational construction and implementation of activities in society, it is required to establish a continuous simultaneous antinomian correspondence between each pair of groups of antinomy organizational factors and ensure their same continuous and simultaneous synthesis. This synthesis is carried out in people or through people who form society, turning them into a living social organization of the continuous implementation of society's activities, which forms its structure. In accordance with this representation of an invariant system of organizational factors in society, we consider and systematize new factors of organizational design of modern enterprises, institutions and organizations, which are formed in the course of the comprehensive implementation of thirteen national programs. It turns out that the comprehensive implementation of all federal projects of these national programs forms a fundamentally new content of the structure of the invariant system of organizational factors in society, which is characterized by the appearance of imbalances in the structure. This creates for all enterprises, institutions and organizations a constantly accelerating actualization of the problem of their organizational designing. The problem of design organizational research is substantiated as a task of operational organizational modeling for the purpose of operational construction of relevant organizational models, which in turn provide the same operational organizational design of the current activities of enterprises, institutions and organizations. It is concluded that it is necessary to formulate new methodological principles for applying the methodology of a systematic approach to solving these research problems.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE VAT REVERSE-CHARGE MECHANISM ON THE CASH FLOWS OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 522-528
Author(s):  
Angelika Kútna ◽  
Norbert Gyurián ◽  
Zoltán Šeben
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Law ◽  
Reverse Charge

In 2015, the Slovak Parliament adopted the Law on Amendments to the Law on Value-Added Tax. This law came into force on January 1, 2016. One of the most significant changes was the introduction of a reverse-charge for the provision of construction works. A government statement of its positive influence on the business environment is inconsistent with the two-year experience in the building sector. The main goal of this paper is to establish the reason for the practical effects of the value-added tax reverse-charge mechanism on the construction companies. The hypothesis is that the negative effect on the cash flows of the construction companies increases ‘opportunity costs’ connected to excessive deductions. The paper focuses on evaluating and quantifying such an effect. It presents a comparison of the conditions before and after the adoption of the Act. No. 222/2004 Coll., as amended in 2016 and includes factors that influence costs and cash flows of construction companies. It but does not consider factors related to turnover and the economic situation.  The reverse-charge mechanism affects the total of tax owing, the total deductible tax, the total excessive deduction, and the construction companies’ cash flows. In this study, the data from the information system of the Slovak Republic, under the condition of anonymity, are analyzed for the period 2014–2017. The effect of the value-added tax is quantified by way of financial interest expenses. These expenses depend on time limits for the excessive deduction, total of tax owing, and on the excessive deduction amount. Indicators of ‘Financial Burden 1’ and ‘Financial Burden 2’ are calculated. The results show that the Law on Amendments of Value Added Tax has significantly affected the constructions companies since January 2016. The reverse-charge system has not changed the delay in excessive deduction payments to the taxpayer’s bank account. It has changed the amount of excessive deduction expressed through money and the total tax owing. Based on the study results, this change markedly affects the financial burden of construction companies and provides an ‘opportunity cost’ Value Added Tax payers‘ construction company.

scholarly journals Chatbots by business vis-à-vis consumers: A new form of power and information asymmetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Zanda Davida
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Consumer Law ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
New Form

Research background: The first notable early chatbots were created in the sixties, but the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) has powered them significantly. Studies show that basically chatbots are created and used for purposes by government and business, mostly in consumer service and marketing. The new Proposal of the Artificial intelligence act aims to promote the uptake of AI and address the risks associated with certain uses of such technology. However, the act contains only minimum transparency obligation for some specific AL systems such as chatbots. Purpose of the article: In light of this issue, the article aims to discuss how existing European Union (EU) consumer law is equipped to deal with situations in which the use of chatbots can pose the risks of manipulation, aggressive commercial practices, intrusion into privacy, exploitation of a consumer’s vulnerabilities and algorithmic decision making based on biased or discriminatory results. Methods: The article will analyse the legal framework, compare guidance documents and countries’ experiences, study results of different consumer behavior researches and scientific articles. Findings & Value added: The article reveals several gaps in current EU consumer law and discusses the flaws of proposing legislation (particularly the Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act) regarding relations between business and consumers.

Hospital-Physician Integration: Case Studies of Community Hospitals

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lemieux-Charles ◽  
Peggy Leatt
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hospital Physician ◽  
Community Hospitals ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Physician Integration ◽  
The Relationship

Hospitals are attempting more meaningfully to involve physicians in management as one approach to increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the structure of the medical staff organization, the extent to which physicians are integrated into hospital decision making and the hospital's financial performance. A measure of hospital-physician integration was developed based on Alexander et al's (1986) dimensions of hospital-physician integration which were based on Scott's (1982) organizational models, ie, autonomous, heteronomous and conjoint. A multiple case study design, which comprised eight community non-teaching hospitals over 200 beds located in the Province of Ontario, Canada, was used to examine the relationship between variables. Study results suggest that there is variation among community hospitals on both contextual and organization factors. Hospitals with high levels of hospital-physician integration were located in highly populated areas, had formulated and implemented a strategic plan, had highly structured medical staff organizations, and had no budgetary deficit. In contrast, hospitals with moderate or low levels of integration were more likely to be located in lowly populated areas, had little planning activity, had a moderately structured medical staff organization, and had deficit budgeting. Suggested areas for future research include examining the role of the Board of Trustees in determining physicians' organizational roles and identifying differences in commitments, characteristics, and motivations of physicians working in rural versus urban hospitals and their impact on integrative strategies.

scholarly journals CHANGE IN COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT ROLES DUE TO GLOBALIZATION: A CASE OF COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES MAPPED BY INTERNATIONAL PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS ASSOCIATIONS (2015–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Renata Matkevičienė ◽  
Lina Jakučionienė
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Management Competencies ◽  
Communication Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Managerial Training ◽  
Management Roles ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constant Improvement

Research background: The role of communication has now become much more critical than during previous periods, not only to compete with other organisations in the stream of communicating messages but also to develop and implement organisational strategies and support the organisation’s top-level managers and decision-makers. The goal of public relations (PR) associations is to develop PR professionals’ competencies. Comprehensive research at the European level signals the need for constant improvement of competencies, especially business development and technologies (Zerfass et al., 2020; Adi, 2019). A vast majority of practitioners across Europe highlight the importance of digitalising stakeholder communications and building a digital infrastructure to support internal workflows (Zerfass et al., 2021). However, instead of technical and managerial training, PR practitioners continue to overwhelmingly offer communication training and development opportunities (Tench et al., 2013; Zerfass et al., 2018; MacNamara et al., 2017; Feldman, 2017; The USC Annenberg Centre for Public Relations, 2017; Communicating AI, 2019). There are discrepancies between the perceived importance of competencies and the current qualifications of professionals due to digital transformation and changes impacted by globalisation. Purpose: To identify changes in PR specialists' competencies due to the impact of globalisation. Methods: Content analysis of information provided in the webpages of international professional PR associations for the period 2015–2020. Findings and value added: The study results show that professional PR associations do not respond to the challenges of the changing environment in a timely manner by providing training, but present and discuss relevant topics with the help of specialists from other fields while encouraging the sharing of good practices. Such a functioning position occupied by professional PR associations in developing the model of competence for PR specialists reveals that PR associations are engaged in strengthening or maintaining competencies, but not developing them.

scholarly journals Value chain organization models of Taiwanese electronic information enterprises in Mainland China and their spatiotemporal evolution processes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254402
Author(s):  
Chen Siyue ◽  
Wei Suqiong ◽  
Huang Gengzhi ◽  
Zhang Hongou
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Value Added ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Chain Organization ◽  
Organization Models

This study examines Taiwanese investment in Mainland China as it is an important part of cross-strait economic cooperation. Using sample data from Taiwanese-listed electronic information enterprises in Mainland China (1990–2016), this study combines ArcGIS spatial visualization and case analysis to investigate their value chain organization models and spatiotemporal evolution regularity. The results show that the value chain of the electronic information industry for Taiwanese investments in Mainland China has three models: vertical integration, modularization in production sharing, and production extension. Vertical integration is the main production organization model of these Taiwanese listed electronic information enterprises, expanding from single production to the entire manufacturing value chain, followed by sales, and finally R&D. This model is still in use in the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone, whereas the other four Taiwanese investment agglomerations, namely the Bohai Economic Rim, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Western Delta Economic Circle, began to expand to both ends of the production link, particularly to the sales link. High-value -added enterprises adopting production sharing models began to show a trend of expansion to inland cities, and enterprises adopting the manufacturing–sales model (a production expansion model) had the widest distribution. Finally, at the city level, the value chain fragmentation structure of Taiwanese and developed countries’ cross-border (multinational) enterprises in Mainland China were consistent, that is, they matched the Chinese city hierarchy; at the regional level, however, the Western Delta Economic Circle pioneered to become a hub for Taiwanese electronic to information enterprises set up their R&D and sales links in Mainland China. Investigating chain-alike spatiotemporal expansion of Taiwanese investment in Mainland China is important for the integration and development of the value chain, production network, and enterprise spatial organization theories.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence in business models as a tool for managing digital risks in international markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Luka Buntić ◽  
Mate Damić ◽  
Ines Dužević
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Market ◽  
New Type

Research background: Through the ongoing trend of digitalization, organizations competing in international markets are getting more exposed to different technology related risks. Globalization and technology support enabled small tech-based companies to scale and expand their business. On the other hand, this has also led to a significant rise of different types of threats. Companies engaged in the process of internalization are more exposed to digital risks than companies competing on the local market. In order to help their companies to manage digital risks, governments use relevant institutions and resources. However, many organizations still largely depend on their own capabilities. A growing number of organizations uses artificial intelligence in business models as a new type of response to digital risks. Artificial intelligence could be the missing link that will help connect organizational and government resources for successful management of digital risks. Purpose of the article: To shed more light on this understudied issue, we conducted a literature review on the use of artificial intelligence in business models as a tool for managing digital risks on the global market. Methods: Literature review. Findings & Value added: We analysed the key determinants of artificial intelligence, their use in business models, and the way it can help organizations manage digital risks. Literature review summarizes the most important research on the topic and proposes new avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Cashew Apples in Ghana: Stakeholders’ Knowledge, Perception, and Utilization

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yaw Gyau Akyereko ◽  
Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu ◽  
Francis Alemawor ◽  
Mary Adzanyo
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Government Support ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Know How ◽  
Cashew Apple ◽  
Value Added Products

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale), a crop projecting Ghana internationally beside cocoa, is usually cultivated for its nut, for both local and international markets. The cashew apple is underutilized in many African countries. This study is aimed at determining the knowledge, perception, and utilization of cashew apples in Ghana among stakeholders in the cashew value chain. Results from the study showed that the cashew industry consisted of farmers (89.1%), nut buyers (6.8%), extension officers (3.5%), and processors (0.6%) with uneven distribution of males (66.2%) and females (33.8%). Cashew apple utilization was low (<10%), though 84.37% had in-depth knowledge on the health benefits and value-added products made from the apples. Cashew apple is mainly utilized as fresh fruits or juice, with minor uses as an ingredient in food preparation, animal feed formulation, and production of mushroom, weedicide, ethanol, and manure. The cashew apple processors identified high cost of processing equipment, perishability of apples, lack of capital, market, technical know-how, and government support as challenges. Based on these findings, education of the stakeholders on value addition or processing of the apples at household and industrial levels and provision of stimulus packages to private processors are recommended to maximize cashew apple utilization in Ghana.

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