scholarly journals PrP gene polymorphism and its influence on some productive traits of sheepbreeds reared in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
T. Koynarski

The rapiddissemination of scrapie over the past few decades led to development of aspecific eradication programme, based on the polymorphisms within the prionprotein gene (PRNP). Current approach encourages the selection ofanimals carrying the resistant ARR/ARR genotype, while other genotypes areconsidered less preferable. Although the strategy seems to be working quitewell, farmers are concerned whether this will affect sheep productivity andsubsequently decrease net profits. The current study was aimed to elucidatethe linkage between the PrP gene polymorphism (based on codons 136,154 and 171) and some productive traits (live weight, reproduction, milk andfleece yield) of three sheep breeds reared in Bulgaria – Assaf, NortheastBulgarian Merino and Blackhead Pleven. The total number of detectedgenotypes was six – ARR/ARR, ARR/ARQ, ARR/ARH, ARQ/ARQ, AHQ/ARQ and ARR/VRQ,with different prevalence within each breed. The observed lack ofsignificant differences in the studied performance traits between the PRNP genotypes suggests that PRNP polymorphisms did not influencethe sheep productive performance. Therefore, selection of animals on theresistant genotype (ARR/ARR) would not worsen their productivity. Theobtained results should help the better understanding of scrapie selectionand the positive effect that it would have to both health care and industry.

Author(s):  
M. I. Zakharina

Over the past 20 years, various scientists have conducted a number of researches on the effect of clipping before lambingon the wool productivity of sheep of different breeds and in different climatic conditions. The authors studied the effect of clipping before lambing on the milk production of ewes, studied the growth and development of lambs, the dynamics of live weight and the livability of young animals. The accumulated data allowed us to conclude that the use of clipping before lambing increases the productive performance of animals. However, these studies were fragmentary and did not have a systematic nature, so for these and other reasons they were not adopted by sheep breeders. The work on the infl uence of clipping before lambingon the wool productivity of the sheep of North Caucasian Meat and Wool breed has been carried out in the experimental division of the All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of late-autumn (November) insemination and clipping before lambing (3 weeks before lambing) of the sheep of North Caucasian Meat and Wool breed on the quality characteristics of the wool of ewes and their off spring. In accordance with the research methodology 2 groups of pregnant ewes have been selected, the formation of which has been carried out on the principle of analogues in age and live weight. In the 1st group (control) 100 heads were selected and have been clipping in the traditional terms after lambing (early June), in the 2nd group (experimental) 100 heads that were clipping three weeks before lambing (early April). It has been found in our studies that clipping ewes 21 days before lambing has a positive effect on the wool productivity of the resulting off spring. As the result of better growth and development of young animals, more intensively receive nutrients to the hair follicles, so most of them produce wool fiber.


Author(s):  
B. S. Kaloev ◽  
M. O. Ibragimov ◽  
M. M. Shagaipov

The reliability of the results obtained in scientific and economic experiments on the study of the effectiveness of the use of various feed components, including biologically active substances in the rearing of broilers needs to be confi rmed in production conditions. The purpose of the research was to study the joint use of enzyme drugs and lecithin in the rearing of broiler chickens. The results of production experiment on the study of the effectiveness of the joint inclusion of enzyme drugs Sunzyme and Sunfyse 5000 as well as lecithin in the diet of broiler chickens of the cross Ross-308 have been presented in the article. Production tests have been carried out under the conditions of the breeding farm “Achkhoy– Martanovsky” in the Chechen Republic. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. For research on the principle of analog groups two groups have been formed: a control group and an experimental group of 1000 heads in each. The broilers of the control group have been fed compound feed prepared in accordance with the growing period and consisting mainly of grain components of local production. The broilers of the experimental group have been fed the same compound feed, but with the addition of two enzyme drugs Sanzyme and Sanfyse 5000 (100 g/t of feed) as well as lecithin (10 g/kg of feed). The results of the production experiment fully confi rmed the data obtained in the scientific and economic experiment. The positive effect of the joint use of the studied enzyme drugs and lecithin has been manifested in all the studied productive traits. In particular, the increase in live weight of broilers increased by 12,1 %, slaughter yield by 3,5 %, the yield of carcasses of the 1st category by 3,0 %. The main economic indicators also found their confirmation: feed consumption per unit of growth decreased by 11,7 %, additional profit was received in the amount of 27308,2 rubles, the level of profitability of broiler rearing increased by 18,4 %.


REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (336) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
D. A. Nikitin ◽  
N. M. Lukina ◽  
T. N. Ivanova ◽  
D. E. Biryukova ◽  
V. G. Semenov ◽  
...  

This research aims to realize the adaptive and productive capacity of calves with immunotropic agents PS-6 and Prevention-N-E. The object of the research was black-and-white calves, which were transferred to individual pens a day after birth and kept there until 30 days of age, then in open-air pavilions until they reached 180 days of age, that is, they were reared using adaptive technology. According to the principle of analogs, 45 calves of 1 day age were selected, were divided into 3 groups: control, 1st experimental, and 2nd experimental. To increase resistance to the pressure of environmental factors and realize the bioresource potential of the adaptive and productive traits of the organism, the calves of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups were injected intramuscularly immunotropic preparations PS-6 and Prevention-N-E respectively, at a dose of 3 ml per animal on the 2nd-3rd and 7-9th days of life. The animals of the control group were not exposed to immunoprophylaxis. The morphological blood profile of calves was studied against the background of the application of biological products. Thus, intramuscular injection of immunotropic agents PS-6 and Prevention-N-E into calves had a positive effect on the morphological blood composition. The number of erythrocytes in the blood of calves of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups at the age of 30 days was significantly higher than the control values by 5.4 and 6.4%, respectively (P<0.01). The concentration of hemoglobin was significantly higher in the blood of the calves of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, starting from 30 days of age, by 6.3-11.7% and 6.7-14.4%, respectively. White blood counts in the blood of animals of different groups did not have a statistically significant difference. Consequently, the use of immunotropic drugs PS-6 and Prevention-N-E in calves activates the erythrocyte lineage of hematopoiesis, without significantly affecting leukopoiesis. The results of periodic weighing of calves showed that at the age of 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 360, and 540 days, the live weight of young animals with the injection of the immunotropic agents PS-6 was significantly higher than the control values by 2.6, 3.4, 5.0, 6.2, 7.0, 9.4 and 12.2 kg (P<0.05-0.01), and with the application of Prevention-N- E - by 3.6, 4.8, 6.6, 8.0, 9.0, 12.2 and 16.4 kg, respectively (P<0.05-0.001).


Author(s):  
Mohamed Afifi ◽  
Tamer S. Abdelmoneim ◽  
Peter H. Brooks ◽  
Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between growth hormone (GH) gene polymorphism and estimated body weight in Harri sheep. One hundred Harri sheep lambs were used to determine the birth weight (BW) and weight at 120 days of age. The daily live-weight gain (DLWG) 0-120 days (g) was calculated. The complete CDS of the Harri sheep GH gene is 2117pb in length (GenBank acc. no. KU255857). Three novel SNPs were detected by comparing with GenBanke acc. no. X12546_1. The G871A SNP in intron II, G1383A in exon IV that resulted in conversion of the amino acid arginine number 121 to lysine (R121K) and the A1509G in intron IV. Each SNP was found on both alleles the mutant homozygote was more common (48, 56 and 50%) than the heterozygote (30, 18 and 20%) for G871A, G1383A and A1509G respectively.A positive significant (P is less than 0.05) correlation between growth traits (BW, 120 day body weight and DLWG) and SNP and a highly significant correlation with the genotype were detected. The regression analysis indicated the positive effect of genotype and SNPs on the growth traits. Individuals carrying homozygote mutant alleles had the heaviest body weight and the highest DLWG. Consequently, these SNP may be useful indicators in the selection of lambs for higher growth rate and meat production


Author(s):  
С. Л. Войтенко

У статті висвітлена проблема інбридингу у свинарстві, зокрема під час розведення свиней нечисленної, локальної породи.  Встановлений позитивний вплив  інбридингу на живу масу свинок у процесі їх вирощування. Найбільш високу живу масу за відлучення у 45-денному віці мали свинки із найменшим коефіцієнтом інбридингу (0,78–1,56 %), але в процесі росту тварин, особливо із 6-місячного віку, тенденція змінюється і найбільшу живу масу мали свинки із більш високим коефіцієнтом інбридингу (6,24–11,7 %). Позитивні наслідки інбридингу помірних і віддалених ступенів відмічені і за показниками власної продуктивності свинок. Доведено, що із підвищенням коефіцієнту інбридингу з 1,56 %  до 11,7 % вік досягнення тваринами живої маси 100 кг зменшувався на 11,4 днів (P > 0,95), а товщина шпику, виміряна прижиттєво, – на 2,7 мм. На підставі чого зроблений узагальнюючий висновок про можливість  спорідненого підбору батьківських пар у миргородській породі свиней з метою одержання потомків, комплексний коефіцієнт інбридингу яких не вище 11,7 %. The article deals with the problem of inbreeding in pig breeding, in particular when breeding pigs not numerous, local breed. A positive effect of inbreeding on the live weight of pigs during their cultivation has been established. The highest live weight with weaning at the age of 45 days had mumps with the lowest coefficient of inbreeding (0,78–1,56 %), but in the process of animal growth, especially from the age of 6 months, the trend is changing and the largest live weight was of mumps with a higher coefficient of inbreeding (6,24–11,7 %). The positive influence of inbreeding of moderate and distant degrees is also noted in terms of the own productivity of the pigs. It was proved that with the increase in the coefficient of inbreeding from 1,56 % to 11,7 %, the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg decreased by 11,4 days (P>0,95), and the thickness of the bacon, measured in vivo, by 2,7 mm. On the basis of which a general conclusion is drawn on the possibility of a related selection of parental pairs in Myrhorod breed of pigs for the purpose of obtaining descendants, the complex inbreeding coefficient of which is not higher than 11,7 %.


2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Sanatan Ratna ◽  
B Kumar

In the past few decades, there has been lot of focus on the issue of sustainability. This has occurred due to the growing concerns related to climate change and the growing awareness about environmental concerns. Also, the competition at global level has led to the search for the most sustainable route in the industries. The current research work deals with the selection of green supplier in a Nickle coating industry based on certain weighted green attributes. For this purpose, a hybrid tool comprising of Fuzzy AHP (Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) is used. The Fuzzy AHP is used for assigning proper weights to the selected criteria for supplier evaluation, while VIKOR is used for final supplier selection based on the weighted criteria. The three criterions for green supplier selection are, Ecological packaging, Corporate socio-environmental responsibility and Staff Training. The outcome of the integrated model may serve as a steppingstone to other SMEs in different sectors for selecting the most suitable supplier for addressing the sustainability issue.


2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
L. V. Vishnevsky

The article shows the state of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cattle, which includes distribution of cattle, the number of animals belonging to respective bloodlines, evaluation of young animals with live weight in the process of growing and milk production of cows during the first lactation. It reflects the historic development of the breed when it was colonism whiteheaded cattle, which turned into the original breed, undergone a significant expansion in livestock and increase of productivity, decreased in the number, was as basis for creation of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and now bred only in one breeding farm. Visual estimation of animal exterior showed good development of cows and calves and their belonging to the dairy type. In the vast majority the cows of the herd have a black suit, a white head with " glasses" around the eyes, white belly, udder, lower legs and brush of the tail. The youngsters aren’t consolidated by the exterior, and among them there are animals which are not typical for Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. The young animals have some lag in live weight behind the breed standard [12] to 7 months’ age with exceeding of this trait in certain periods quite significantly in the future. It was established that selection of heifers on live weight will be effective at the early age (1-5 months), given the coefficient of variation of live weight – 22,63-30,21% and will not have a significant influence in the future. Milk yields of first-calf heifers vary considerably depending on the origin. The milk yield of first-calf heifers in the herd was 4238,5 kg on average, the heifers belonging to Mart 171 and Ozon 417 bloodlines had the best milk performance – 4483,1 and 4254,9 kg accordingly. The most aligned milk yield during the first lactation was in the cows belonging to Ozon 417 bloodline, the limits of the trait are 4128,5-4327,4 kg with the average value by the line 4254,9 kg. In contrast, the first-calf heifers of Ryezvyi 33 bloodline with average milk yield 4048,9 kg had limits of the trait 2199,3-4736,1 kg. Even greater range in cows’ milk yield during the first lactation R= 4939 kg (limits 1687 – 6626 kg) is characterized for the herd in general, it shows, on the one hand, the possibility of qualitative improvement of cows’ productivity due to selection on the investigated trait and lack of selection in the herd on the other hand. It was established that daughters of bull Chardash belonging to Ryezvyi 33 bloodline produced 4736,1 kg of milk for 305 days of the first lactation with fat content 3,6%, whereas Zlak’s descendants of the same line were characterized by the lowest milk yield for the first completed lactation – 2199,3 kg with fat content 3,7% and the average value by the line – 4048,9 kg of milk, fat content 3,6%. Similar variability of first-calf heifers’ milk yields, depending on the origin, is typical for other bloodlines of Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. To increase milk productivity of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cows is recommended to repeat successful combinations of parental forms, and to preserve the breed – to carry out an objective assessment of animals by a range of traits, given the efficiency of selection of heifers on live weight at early age.


Author(s):  
N.V. SIVKIN ◽  
N.V. STREKOZOV ◽  
V.I. CHINAROV

В симментальской породе предусматривается разведение скота, сбалансировано сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность. Однако в практике совершенствования племенных стад в подборах быков доминируют улучшатели удоя, что во многом предопределяет результаты селекции и продуктивный тип животных. Объектом нашего исследования стало стадо чистопородного симментальского скота в условиях стойловой системы беспривязного и привязного содержания коров. Для изучения эффективности использования быков-производителей разного племенного достоинства сформировали 2 опытные группы: I состояла из бычков, полученных от отцов с племенной ценностью (ПЦ) по удою 100 кг и более, а во II с ПЦ от 0 до 100 кг молока. Симментальские бычки, отобранные для контрольного убоя, достигали весовых кондиций 500 кг и более в 17,5 мес при среднесуточном приросте 911 г. При использовании на маточном поголовье быков-производителей с улучшающим эффектом по удою 100 кг и более, их сыновья (I группа), на фоне более высоких суточных приростов (на 30 г) и раннем возрасте достижения живой массы 500 кг (на 18 дней) имели массу и выход туши на 21,4 кг и 2,7 ниже, чем у бычков II группы. При формировании молочно-мясного типа быки-производители с умеренной племенной ценностью по удою обеспечивали получение потомства, сочетающего молочную и мясную продуктивность в экономически значимых пропорциях.The Simmental breed provides for the breeding of cattle that combines milk and meat productivity in a balanced proportion. However, in the practice of improving breeding herds, the selection of bulls is dominated by milk yield improvers, which largely determines the results of selection and the productive type of animals. The object of our research was a breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle in variety feeding and housing practices. To study the effectiveness of using bulls-producers of different breeding values, 2 experimental groups were formed: I consisted of bulls received from fathers with a breeding value (BV) of milk yield 100 kg or more, and II with a BV from 0 to 100 kg of milk. Simmental bulls selected for control slaughter reached weight standards of 500 kg or more in 17.5 months with an average daily increase of 911 g. When used on breeding of bulls with an improving effect on the yield of 100 kg or more, their sons (group I), against the background of higher daily gains (30 g) and an early age of reaching a live weight of 500 kg (18 days), had a mass and carcass yield of 21.4 kg and 2.7 lower than that of group II bulls. When forming a dairy-meat type, producing bulls with a moderate breeding value for milk yield provided for the production of offspring that combined dairy and meat productivity in economically significant proportions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Aries Andrianto

Based on Bank Indonesia data, electronic money transactions have grown rapidly in the past 10 years. Throughout 2018, the volume of electronic money transactions was 2.92 billion transactions, growing 16,600 times compared to 2009.This study aims to analyze the factors that influence interest in using the LinkAja digital wallet using the UTAUT 2 method. The object of this study is the LinkAja digital wallet user who is domiciled in Jakarta. The independent variables examined in this study were Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, and Habit on Behavior Intention using PLS-SEM analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that Price Value has a positive effect on Behavior Intention.


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