Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Jute-Biopol Nanophased Green Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad K Hossain ◽  
Mohammad W Dewan ◽  
Mahesh Hosur ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solution Intercalation ◽  
Jute Fibers

ABSTRACTSurface modification of jute fibers was accomplished by performing chemical treatments including detergent washing, dewaxing, alkali, and acetic acid treatment. Morphology of modified surfaces examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed improved surfaces for better adhesion with matrix. Better thermal performance of treated fibers was found from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Enhanced tensile properties of treated fibers were obtained from tensile tests. Using solution intercalation technique and magnetic stirring, 2%, 3%, and 4% by weight Montmorillonite K10 nanoclay were dispersed into a biodegradable polymer, Biopol. Thermal performance of nanoclay infused Biopol characterized using dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed improved degree of crystallinity by 7%. Jute fiber reinforced Biopol biocomposites with and without nanoclay were manufactured using treated and untreated jute fibers by compression molding process. Thermal and mechanical responses of treated fiber reinforced Biopol composites (TJBC) without nanoclay evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and flexure tests showed 9% and 12% increase in storage modulus and flexure strength, respectively, compared to untreated jute fiber reinforced composites (UTJBC). The respective values were 100% and 35% for 4% nanoclay infused TJBC compared to UTJBC without nanoclay.

Effect of surface treatment and nanoclay on thermal and mechanical performances of jute fabric/biopol ‘green’ composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. 1841-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad K. Hossain ◽  
Mohammad W. Dewan ◽  
Mahesh Hosur ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Solution Intercalation ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Jute Fibers

The effects of surface modification of jute fibers and nanoclay on jute–biopol green composites are evaluated by the thermal and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) characterizations. Four subsequent chemical treatments including detergent washing, dewaxing, alkali treatment, and acetic acid treatment were performed to facilitate better bonding between the fiber and matrix. The scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study confirmed improved fiber surfaces for better adhesion with matrix after final treatment. Enhanced thermal performance and tensile properties were obtained due to chemical treatments. Montmorillonite K10 nanoclay (2–4 wt.%) was dispersed into a biodegradable polymer, biopol, using solution intercalation technique and magnetic stirring. Nanoclay-infused biopol resulted in 7% improvement in the degree of crystallinity over the neat biopol. Jute fiber-reinforced biopol biocomposites with and without nanoclay were produced using treated and untreated jute fibers by the compression molding process. Treated jute fiber-reinforced biopol composites (TJBC) without nanoclay showed 5% and 9% increases in decomposition temperature and storage modulus, respectively, and 19% decrease in coefficient of thermal expansion compared to untreated jute fiber-reinforced biopol composites (UTJBC). The respective values were 5%, 100%, and 45% for 4% nanoclay-infused TJBC compared to UTJBC without nanoclay. ILSS evaluated by the short-beam shear tests, improved by 20% in the TJBC compared to the UTJBC. Incorporation of 4 wt.% nanoclay in TJBC further improved the ILSS by 22% compared to that of TJBC without nanoclay.

scholarly journals Influence of the Lignin Content on the Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils Composite Films

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Yuan Jia ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Jiaojiao Miao
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (L-CNFs) composite films with different lignin contents were produced bythe solution casting method. The effect of the lignin content on the mechanical, thermal, and crystallinity properties, and PLA/LCNFs interfacial adhesion wereinvestigated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile strength and modulus of the PLA/9-LCNFs (9 wt % lignin LCNFs) composites are 37% and 61% higher than those of pure PLA, respectively. The glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases from 61.2 for pure PLA to 52.6 °C for the PLA/14-LCNFs (14 wt % lignin LCNFs) composite, and the composites have higher thermal stability below 380 °C than pure PLA. The DSC results indicate that the LCNFs, containing different lignin contents, act as a nucleating agent to increase the degree of crystallinity of PLA. The effect of the LCNFs lignin content on the PLA/LCNFs compatibility/adhesion was confirmed by the FTIR, SEM, and Tg results. Increasing the LCNFs lignin content increases the storage modulus of the PLA/LCNFs composites to a maximum for the PLA/9-LCNFs composite. This study shows that the lignin content has a considerable effect on the strength and flexibility of PLA/LCNFs composites.

scholarly journals Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Jerzy Korol ◽  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Klaudiusz Wypiór ◽  
Krzysztof Mijalski ◽  
Ewelina Chmielnicka
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystallinity Degree

The recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for potential methods for their utilization. In the presented work, we investigated the recycling potential of wastes originated from the agricultural films recycling line. Their structure and properties were analyzed, and they were modified with 2.5 wt % of commercially available compatibilizers. The mechanical and thermal performance of modified wastes were evaluated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that incorporation of such a small amount of modifiers may overcome the drawbacks caused by the presence of impurities. The incorporation of maleic anhydride-grafted compounds enhanced the tensile strength of wastes by 13–25%. The use of more ductile compatibilizers—ethylene-vinyl acetate and paraffin increased the elongation at break by 55–64%. The presence of compatibilizers also reduced the stiffness of materials resulting from the presence of solid particles. It was particularly emphasized for styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, which caused up to a 20% drop of Young’s modulus. Such effects may facilitate the further applications of analyzed wastes, e.g., in polymer film production. Thermal performance was only slightly affected by compatibilization. It caused a slight reduction in polyethylene melting temperatures (up to 2.8 °C) and crystallinity degree (up to 16%). For more contaminated materials, the addition of compatibilizers caused a minor reduction in the decomposition onset (up to 6 °C). At the same time, for the waste after three washing cycles, thermal stability was improved. Moreover, depending on the desired properties and application, materials do not have to go through the whole recycling line, simplifying the process, reducing energy and water consumption. The presented results indicate that it is possible to efficiently use the materials, which do not have to undergo the whole recycling process. Despite the presence of impurities, they could be applied in the manufacturing of products which do not require exceptional mechanical performance.

scholarly journals Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polyethylene-Based Composites Filled with Micrometric Aluminum Powder

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Paulina Kosmela ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Aleksander Hejna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Investigations related to polymer/metal composites are often limited to the analysis of the electrical and thermal conductivity of the materials. The presented study aims to analyze the impact of aluminum (Al) filler content (from 1 to 20 wt%) on the rarely investigated properties of composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The crystalline structure, rheological (melt flow index and oscillatory rheometry), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry), as well as static (tensile tests, hardness, rebound resilience) and dynamic (dynamical mechanical analysis) mechanical properties of composites were investigated. The incorporation of 1 and 2 wt% of aluminum filler resulted in small enhancements of mechanical properties, while loadings of 5 and 10 wt% provided materials with a similar performance to neat HDPE. Such results were supported by the lack of disturbances in the rheological behavior of composites. The presented results indicate that a significant content of aluminum filler may be introduced into the HDPE matrix without additional pre-treatment and does not cause the deterioration of composites’ performance, which should be considered beneficial when engineering PE/metal composites.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Talc Filled Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Polypropylene Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Govorčin Bajsić ◽  
Vesna Rek ◽  
Ivana Ćosić
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polypropylene Blends ◽  
Pp Blends ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Better Than

The effect of the addition of talc on the morphology and thermal properties of blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The blends of TPU and PP are incompatible because of large differences in polarities between the nonpolar crystalline PP and polar TPU and high interfacial tensions. The interaction between TPU and PP can be improved by using talc as reinforcing filler. The morphology was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the neat polymers and unfilled and talc filled TPU/PP blends were studied by using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The addition of talc in TPU/PP blends improved miscibility in all investigated TPU/T/PP blends. The DSC results for talc filled TPU/PP blends show that the degree of crystallinity increased, which is due to the nucleating effect induced by talc particles. The reason for the increased storage modulus of blends with the incorporation of talc is due to the improved interface between polymers and filler. According to TGA results, the addition of talc enhanced thermal stability. The homogeneity of the talc filled TPU/PP blends is better than unfilled TPU/PP blends.

Enhancing the Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Hemp Protein Particles (HPP) Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
S. A. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Protein Particles

Abstract This paper aims to describe the thermal, mechanical, and surface properties of a PVA/HPP blend whereby the film was prepared using a solution casting method. The improvements in thermal and mechanical properties of HPP-based PVA composites were investigated. The characterization of pure PVA and PVA composite films included tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of TGA and DSC indicated that the addition of HPP increased the thermal decomposition temperature of the composites. Mechanical properties are significantly improved in PVA/HPP composites. The thermal stability of the PVA composite increased with the increase of HPP filler content. The tensile strength increased from 15.74 ± 0.72 MPa to 27.54 ± 0.45 MPa and the Young’s modulus increased from 282.51 ± 20.56 MPa to 988.69 ± 42.64 MPa for the 12 wt% HPP doped sample. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that at elevated temperatures, enhanced mechanical properties because of the presence of HPP was even more noticeable. Morphological observations displayed no signs of agglomeration of HPP fillers even in composites with high HPP loading.

The Structure and Mechanical Properties of Plastically Consolidated Al-Ni Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Włoch ◽  
Tomasz Skrzekut ◽  
Jakub Sobota ◽  
Antoni Woźnicki ◽  
Justyna Cisoń
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Porosity Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Mixed and preliminarily consolidated powders of aluminium and nickel (90 mass % Al and 10 mass % Ni) were hot extruded. As results the rod, 8 mm in diameter, was obtained. As-extruded material was subjected to the microstructural investigations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray analysis (XRD). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA) were also performed. The mechanical properties of as extruded material were determined by the tensile test and Vickers hardness measurements. In order to evaluate the thermal stability of PM alloy, samples were annealed at the temperature of 475 and 550 °C. After annealing Vickers hardness measurements and tensile tests were carried out. The plastic consolidation of powders during extrusion was found to be very effective, because no pores or voids were observed in the examined material. The detailed microstructural investigations and XRD analyses did not reveal the presence of the intermetallic phases in the as-extruded material. During annealing, the Al3Ni intermetallic compound was formed as the result of chemical reaction between the alloy components. The hardness of the alloy after annealing at the temperature of 475°C was found to be comparable to the hardness in as-extruded state. Annealing of the material at the temperature of 550°C results in hardness decreasing by about 50%, as the consequence of porosity formation and Al3Ni cracking.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polypropylene Modified by Blending Elastomer and Nano-Silica

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Chi ◽  
Lu Cheng ◽  
Wenfeng Liu ◽  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Shengtao Li
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
High Voltage Direct Current

Polypropylene (PP) contains promising application prospects in thermoplastic cables for high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission because of its outstanding thermal and dielectric properties. However, the problem of poor toughness and space charge has restricted the application of pure PP in HVDC cables. In this paper, polyolefin elastomer (POE) and nano-silica were blended thoroughly and added into a PP mixture by a melting method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the dispersion of POE and nanoparticles. Thermal properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests. The elastomeric properties of composites were improved as the dispersed POE could transfer and homogenize external mechanical forces. DC breakdown results showed that the fail strength of composite with 10 phr POE and 1 phr nano-silica was obviously enhanced. The pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) results showed that the injection and accumulation of space charge was increased by the introduction of POE, while it was restrained by the collective effect caused by nano-silica filling. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrograms showed that secondary ordered structures existed in the composites of PP, POE, and nano-silica, and that the ordered structure around the nanoparticles contributed to the enhancement of breakdown strength. The mechanical and dielectric properties were modified synergistically, which made the modified PP a propitious insulation material for HVDC cables.

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