R7T7 Light Water Reference Glass Sensitivity to Variations in Chemical Composition and Operating Parameters

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pacaüd ◽  
N. Jacquet-Francillon ◽  
A. Terki ◽  
C. Fillet
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Glass Melting ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Glass Frit ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Light Water ◽  
Frit Glass ◽  
Glass Properties

ABSTRACTR7T7 glass samples were tested to determine their sensitivity to variations in the chemical composition and in industrial scale operating parameters. Variations investigated included the composition of the feed solution and the glass frit, the frit/glass ratio and the glass melting temperature. The iniportant properties of the resulting glasses were measured. Permissible variation ranges defined on the basis of the results obtained ensure that the glass properties remain acceptable compared with the reference glass.

Optimization of the Spray Drying Operating Conditions for Producing the Powder Mixture of Gum Arabic and Maltodextrin

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duc Quang Nguyen ◽  
Sabah Mounir ◽  
Karim Allaf
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe powder mixture of gum arabic and maltodextrin was produced by spray drying. The inlet air temperature of spray dryer was varied from 160 °C to 260 °C and the maltodextrin content was varied from 0 to 50 % in the feed solution with the concentration of 42.5 % (w/v) total solids by weight. The properties of the finished product were characterized to examine the impact of changes in these operating parameters. The results showed that: the inlet air temperature had a stronger influence on the properties of finished product than the MD/GA ratio, whereas the feed rate was more clearly affected by the MD/GA ratio. Two optimal parameters obtained include MD/GA ratio equal to 0.615 and the inlet air temperature of spray dryer Te = 258 °C.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of chemical composition of Miscanthus var. Soranovskii

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00017
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Gismatulina ◽  
Vera V. Budaeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
High Cellulose

The search for alternative sources of cellulose is currently getting special importance. Miscanthus holds promise as a cellulosic feedstock with a high potential for industrial-scale cultivation. The present study reports an analysis done for seven years of the chemical composition of the aboveground biomass of Miscanthus var. Soranovskii as a source for producing bioethanol. The aboveground biomass of Miscanthus was found to have a high cellulose content (about 50%), irrespective of the age, and it is therefore reasonable to utilize this cultivar for bioethanol production.

Effect of the operating parameters on the separation of metal chelates using low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (LPROM)

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Ujang ◽  
G.K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Metal Chelates ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Central Composite

This paper describes an investigation on the effect of operating parameters on the separation of metal chelates using LPROM. The objective of this study was to optimise the process of metal chelates removal by a LPROM using statistical factorial design. Factorial experiment by statistical design was applied, in which a central composite factorial design (half replicate) was used, then followed up by a star design to give a central composite factorial design. A bench-scale spiral wound configuration of sulphonated polysulphone LPROM was used at various operating conditions, i.e. operating conditions, solute concentrations, EDTA, pH and temperature. It has been shown experimentally that the effect of pressure is non-linear with respect to percentage of metal removal at different concentrations of metal ions in the feed solution. Observation of the response surface implies that the operating pressure was not the significant parameter in determining the percentage of zinc removal in the LPROM. The operating pressure, temperature and concentration of EDTA in the feed solution were the most significant parameters for permeate flux variation. It can also be concluded that for a given set of feed and experimental conditions, permeate flux increased linearly with operating pressure and temperature. The other parameters, i.e. the concentration of zinc in the feed solution and pH, were not statistically significant.

Modeling Relations Between the Composition and Properties of French Light Water Reactor Waste Containment Glass

1994 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ghaleb ◽  
J. L. Dussossoy ◽  
C. Fillet ◽  
F. Pacaud ◽  
N. Jacquet-Francillon
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Fission Product ◽  
Molten Glass ◽  
Light Water Reactor ◽  
Molten State ◽  
Waste Containment ◽  
Light Water ◽  
Water Reactor ◽  
High Level

AbstractModels have been developed to calculate the density, molten-state viscosity and initial corrosion rate according to the chemical composition of glass formulations used to vitrify high-level fission product solutions from reprocessed light water reactor fuel. Developed from other published work, these models have been adapted to allow for the effects of platinoid (Ru, Pd, Rh) inclusions on the molten glass rheology.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PEAT ASH FUSIBILITY OF KIROV REGION DEPOSITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
V. A. Kuzmin ◽  
I. A. Zagrai ◽  
I. A. Desiatkov
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Melting Characteristics ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Ash Fusibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Particles

The paper deals with the issues related to the effect of slagging within the steam boilers furnaces and shows the determination results on peat ash fusibility of Kirov region deposits. Fusibility properties of peat ash (temperatures of deformation, sphere, hemisphere and flow) from the four industrial areas (Dymny, Pishchalsky, Karinsky, Gorokhovsky) depending on its chemical composition are presented. Melting temperature of the mineral part of the peat, determined by GOST, is averaged and does not reflect the actual melting temperature of the individual particles in fly ash. The existence of such separate particles having a melting temperature below the average melting temperature of the ash makes it difficult to find the operating temperature of the torch to reach the minimum of the furnace slagging during peat combustion. The comparison of melting characteristics of peat ash with the reference literature data is performed. The initial slagging temperature is calculated depending on the ratio of the acidic and basic oxides in peat ash.

Relationship between Sequence Length and Thermal Properties of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate-Co-4, 4’-Bibenzoate) (PETBB)

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2243-2247
Author(s):  
Jian Ming Jiang ◽  
Jun Ming Dai ◽  
Sheng Lin Yang ◽  
Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Average Sequence Length ◽  
Average Sequence ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
High Level

Poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-4,4’-bibenzoate)s (PETBBs) with 0-25mol% bibenzoate unit were prepared from terephthalic acid (PTA), 4,4'- bibenzoic acid (BBA) and ethylene glycol (EG). The chemical composition and number-average sequence length of the resultant PETBBs were investigated by 13C-NMR. It was improved that the chemical composition of PETBBs is identical with the feed ratio, and the number-average sequence length of PET segment (LPET) becomes reduced with increasing BBA unit. The molecular weights of PETBBs reaches the high level for practical use. DSC analysis explains that the glass transition temperature (Tg) increases almost linearly and the crystallization becomes difficulty with increasing content of BBA unit. X-ray diffraction also illustrates that both crystallinity and crystal size reduced as more BBA unit is incorporated. Moreover, the relationship between the number-average sequence length and the melting temperature was investigated. The linear correlation between the number-average sequence length (LPET) and the melting temperature was observed.

OPTIMISATION OF BALLISTIC PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED BAINITIC STEEL PLATES FOR CONTAINER ARMOUR SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-119
Author(s):  
Jarosław Marcisz ◽  
Bogdan Garbarz ◽  
Władysław Zalecki ◽  
Zofia Kania-Pifczyk ◽  
Lech Starczewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Bainitic Steel ◽  
Sensitive Areas ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Bainite Steel ◽  
Firing Tests

Abstract: An innovative armour system containing plates made of nanostructured bainite steel is under development to improve operating properties of a light armoured observation-protective container (LAOC) providing the 2nd protection level according to STANAG 4569. Armour system solution of the container has been modified because the new plates have different mechanical and technological properties than currently used armour plates. The paper presents results of investigation of material characteristics and firing tests of plates made of nanostructured steel in the semi-industrial scale. To optimise parameters of heat treatment of the plates the kinetics of phase transformation was examined, and mechanical properties were measured, and changes in microstructure in the area of projectile interaction at firing tests were analysed for different variants of treatment. The reported investigations precede the industrial scale production process for plates made of the new grade steel designed for the armour system of LAOC. Optimisation of mechanical properties of the plates has been carried out by selection of such production parameters as chemical composition of the steel, hot working, interprocess heat treatment and temperature and time of final heat treatment (isothermal annealing). Effect of primary segregation of alloying and residual elements on protective properties of the plates is indicated. As a result of applying the annealing temperature in the range of 210-225°C (Ms temperature is ca. 200°C at cooling rate 1-2°C/s) and time in the range of 120-70 hours respectively, the following properties have been achieved: YS0.2 (yield strength) 1400-1500 MPa; UTS (ultimate tensile strength) 2000-2150 MPa; TE (total elongation) 10-13%, impact toughness KV at room temperature 10-16 J and hardness 590-610 HV (53-54 HRC). Microstructure of the plates consists of carbide free lathy nanobainite and 10-21% (volume fraction) of retained austenite. Plates of thickness 6.3 and 7.5 mm and ammunition type of 5.56x45 mm M193 and 7.62x51 mm API BZ have been used in the firing tests. Based on results of firing tests and microstructure examination in the area of projectile interaction the phenomena have been identified indicating high efficiency of ballistic protection of investigated plates, manifested by high ability to absorption and dissipation of projectile energy without susceptibility to cracking. Based on the results of mechanical properties measurements and firing tests a chemical composition of the nanostructured bainitic steel adjusted for industrial production of plates of thickness in the range of 6-8 mm has been developed. An analysis of container armour system mass reduction possibility, basing on results of investigation of the nano-structured bainite steel plates made in the semi-industrial scale, has been carried out. Basing on the analysis of the container construction and operational conditions some sensitive areas of ballistic protection have been specified to be subjected to firing tests. Ballistic examination will be carried out using the container segments representing the selected sensitive areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document