scholarly journals Comparing the efficiency of applying yeast of different generations in high gravity brewing

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11 (114)) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Ruslana Kosiv
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
High Gravity ◽  
Generation Number ◽  
By Products ◽  
High Gravity Brewing

When fermenting beer, in addition to the formation of basic, secondary, and by-products, which largely determine the taste and aroma of the beverage, yeast is accumulated. Such yeasts can be reused in subsequent serial repitching, which allows cost savings compared to yeast cultivated for each fermentation. This paper investigates the influence of yeast generation on the progress of the wort fermentation process and the quality of beer obtained, specifically in high gravity brewing. It was established that the increase in the number of yeast generation in the range from the first to the fourth generation causes a slight acceleration of the fermentation process of high-gravity wort, while at higher values of the fermentation generation number it slows down. Yeasts secreted after six or four serial wort fermentations with a gravity of 15 °P/18 °P, respectively, have a good physiological state and can be reused. The yeast generation number does not significantly affect ethanol content and sensory beer quality indicators. However, the use of yeast of the seventh and eighth generation causes a slight increase in the pH and color of high gravity beer, the appearance in the aroma of noticeable extraneous shades ‒ yeast tone, tone of young beer. As wort gravity increases, the number of yeast re-use cycles decreases, which is a consequence of the influence of various stress factors, specifically high osmotic pressure, and increased ethanol levels. Therefore, for the fermentation of wort with a gravity of 15 °P, it is recommended to use yeast up to five generations, for 18 °P wort ‒ to four generations. To obtain beer with appropriate physicochemical parameters and high sensory evaluation in high gravity brewing technology, it is advisable to ferment wort with a gravity of 15 °P with yeast for up to five generations.

scholarly journals Comparison of the hydrocolloids application efficiency for stabilizing the foam of beer

ScienceRise ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Ruslana Kosiv
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
High Gravity ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beer Foam ◽  
High Gravity Brewing ◽  
Technological Product

Subject of research: technology of high gravity brewing, developed to improve production efficiency and reduce energy consumption. This technology has a wide range of benefits, from improving process economics to reducing environmental impact. Investigated problem: despite the presence of significant advantages, there are a number of problems in the technology of high gravity brewing that need to be solved. The main problem is to reduce the foam stability of the resulting beer, which, together with the appearance, aroma and taste, is the most important attributes of the quality of the beverage for the consumer. The stability and texture of the foam depend, among other things, on the quality of grain and hop raw materials, and the course of technological processes. Elevated levels of key malt proteins (LTP1, Z4 and Z7) and hop α-acids have a positive effect on foam quality. Yeast protease A has a negative effect. Yeast secretes this enzyme to a greater extent during fermentation of high gravity wort, which may be one of the reasons for the decrease in foam stability in high gravity brewing. High molecular weight a- and b-glucans with hydrophilic properties can play an important role in foam stabilization. They increase the viscosity of the liquid, slow down its drainage from the foam segments and thereby increase the foam retention. Main scientific results: the effect of hydrocolloids (highly methoxylated pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, guar gum, a mixture of xanthan and guar gum) on foam performance and beer filtration rate was investigated. The advantages of pectin as an additive allowing to stabilize beer foam, in particular, in high gravity - brewing, have been established. The recommended dosage of the additive is 0.4-1 g/hl. Highly methoxylated pectin is a good alternative to the currently widespread use of propylene glycol alginate. The area of practical implementation of the research results: brewing companies. Innovative technological product: highly methoxylated pectin as a stabilizing additive for beer foam. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: the use of highly methoxylated pectin as additives that stabilize beer foam, in particular in high gravity brewing.

scholarly journals Research Regarding High Gravity Brewing in the Pilot Station USAMV Cluj-Napoca

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Andrei Borsa ◽  
Elena Mudura ◽  
Vlad Vasile Hadarean Munteanu ◽  
Sevastita Muste ◽  
Andruta Cerbu (Muresan) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Food Science ◽  
High Gravity ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Beer Fermentation ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
High Gravity Brewing

This paper aims to present preliminary research results obtained while developing and implementing a high gravity beer fermentation process. Production trials were performed in brewery pilot plant from University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Food Science and Technology. The tehnological parameters were adapted and monitored during the making.

THE STUDY ON TA VAT WINE PRODUCTION FROM SUGAR PALM (ARENGA PINNATA) SAP

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thu ◽  
Đặng Minh Nhật ◽  
Nguyễn Hoàng Dung
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Fermentation ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Best Parameters

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) is a feather palm native to tropical Asia. In Vietnam, it is named Búng Báng or Đoác and grown only on the highlands in the central or northern part of Vietnam. It is utilized for many purposes, especially for Ta Vat wine production - a characteristic and unique product of Co Tu ethnic minority. However, because of the natural fermentation used in the production, the product quality is inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to examine a new procedure of using palm sap for making Ta Vat wine. Some characteristics of the sap, which was collected at Nam Giang district, Quang Nam province are determined, proving the potential of the sap for making wine product. The quality of sap changes quickly at room temperature. At low temperature (4 - 60C), the changes in sap quality are apparently slower. Examining some factors affecting its quality during the wine fermentation process, we determined the best parameters for the fermentation process as follows: inoculum size of 3% with cell density of about 1x108 cells/ml, the addition of the extract from the bark of Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea L.) 4%. Keywords: Arenga pinnata, sap, Ceylon ironwood bark, Mesua ferrea L., wine fermentation.

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

scholarly journals Valorisation of Organic Waste By-Products Using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as a Bio-Convertor

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8345
Author(s):  
Kieran Magee ◽  
Joe Halstead ◽  
Richard Small ◽  
Iain Young
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
The Face ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
By Products ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

One third of food produced globally is wasted. Disposal of this waste is costly and is an example of poor resource management in the face of elevated environmental concerns and increasing food demand. Providing this waste as feedstock for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) has the potential for bio-conversion and valorisation by production of useful feed materials and fertilisers. We raised BSFL under optimal conditions (28 °C and 70% relative humidity) on seven UK pre-consumer food waste-stream materials: fish trimmings, sugar-beet pulp, bakery waste, fruit and vegetable waste, cheese waste, fish feed waste and brewer’s grains and yeast. The nutritional quality of the resulting BSFL meals and frass fertiliser were then analysed. In all cases, the volume of waste was reduced (37–79%) and meals containing high quality protein and lipid sources (44.1 ± 4.57% and 35.4 ± 4.12%, respectively) and frass with an NPK of 4.9-2.6-1.7 were produced. This shows the potential value of BSFL as a bio-convertor for the effective management of food waste.

scholarly journals Whole blood chromium concentration is very rarely elevated independently of whole blood cobalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Lainiala ◽  
Mari Karsikas ◽  
Aleksi Reito ◽  
Antti Eskelinen
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Metal Debris ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Hip Replacements

AbstractDue to the risk of adverse reactions to metal debris resulting from increased wear of the arthroplasty more than one million metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacements worldwide are in active follow-up. Follow-up usually includes measurement of both whole blood cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) concentrations. Our experience is that Cr is seldom independently elevated. We wanted to ascertain whether blood Cr measurements could be omitted from follow-up protocols without lowering the quality of follow-up. We identified 8438 whole blood Co and Cr measurements performed without or prior to revision surgery. When the cut-off levels 5 µg/L and 7 µg/L were used, Cr was independently elevated in only 0.5% (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.3 to 0.6) and 0.2% (CI 0.1 to 0.3) of the measurements. The models with continuous variables showed that the higher the blood metal concentrations are the lower the percentage of measurements with Cr higher than Co. Our results suggest that whole blood Cr is very rarely independently elevated and therefore the authorities should consider omitting Cr measurements from their screening guidelines of MoM hip replacements. We believe this change in practice would simplify follow-up and lead to cost savings without decreasing the quality of follow-up.

scholarly journals Defensible Spaces

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-323
Author(s):  
Yasmin Moanis ◽  
Fatmaelzahraa Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Defensible Space ◽  
Safe Spaces ◽  
Territorial Claim ◽  
Safe Environments

Defensible space is the concept of creating spaces that include a series of architectural guidelines that are used when designing a new urban residential area to promote both the territorial claim of the residential groups to their surroundings and their ability to conduct natural surveillance of their spaces. Constructing safe environments with safe vocabularies for enhancing well-being is crucial for achieving quality of life in both peace and wartime. Warzone countries that suffer from many changes due to the effect of war (or fourth-generation wars) should be prepared to face those changes with safe spaces as well.

scholarly journals The Etiology and Pathophysiology Genesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A New Perspective

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Teow J. Phua
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Prostatic Diseases

Background: The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are unknown, with ageing being the greatness risk factor. Methods: This new perspective evaluates the available interdisciplinary evidence regarding prostate ageing in terms of the cell biology of regulation and homeostasis, which could explain the timeline of evolutionary cancer biology as degenerative, inflammatory and neoplasm progressions in these multifactorial and heterogeneous prostatic diseases. Results: This prostate ageing degeneration hypothesis encompasses the testosterone-vascular-inflamm-ageing triad, along with the cell biology regulation of amyloidosis and autophagy within an evolutionary tumorigenesis microenvironment. Conclusions: An understanding of these biological processes of prostate ageing can provide potential strategies for early prevention and could contribute to maintaining quality of life for the ageing individual along with substantial medical cost savings.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Teacher Quality of Life: A Longitudinal Study from before and during the Health Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3764
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Lizana ◽  
Gustavo Vega-Fernadez ◽  
Alejandro Gomez-Bruton ◽  
Bárbara Leyton ◽  
Lydia Lera
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Work Overload ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers were already reporting a low quality of life (QoL) perception, with a significant impact on mental and physical health due to various stress factors associated with work overload. The objective of this study was to evaluate the QoL impact on Chilean teachers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was performed following a longitudinal design on a sample of 63 Chilean teachers in pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic timeframes. QoL perception, along with teachers’ sociodemographic data, was evaluated via the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Sociodemographic variables presented no significant variations in pre-pandemic and pandemic comparisons. QoL, however, showed a significant decrease during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic measurement (p < 0.01). In each gender, there were significant differences between pre-pandemic and pandemic timeframes, with a greater impact among women in the mental and physical component summary variables and seven of the eight QoL scales (p < 0.01). Between age categories, people under 45 presented significant differences (p < 0.05) between pre-pandemic and pandemic timeframes in all summary dimensions and measurements. In conclusion, Chilean teachers’ QoL perception has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings could be related to work overload due to teleworking or feelings of uncertainty, loneliness, and fear that the pandemic and its associated confinements will worsen.

Telemedicine in paediatric emergency care: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110101
Author(s):  
Aditi Mitra ◽  
Rubina Veerakone ◽  
Kathleen Li ◽  
Tyler Nix ◽  
Andrew Hashikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Paediatric Emergency Care ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The impact of telemedicine on the access and quality of paediatric emergency care remains largely unexplored because most studies to date are focused on adult emergency care. We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine if telemedicine is effective in improving quality of paediatric emergency care with regards to access, process measures of care, appropriate disposition, patient-centred outcomes and cost-related outcomes. Methods We developed a systematic review protocol in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review) guidelines. We included studies that evaluated the impact of synchronous and asynchronous forms of telemedicine on patient outcomes and process measures in the paediatric emergency care setting. Inclusion criteria were study setting, study design, intervention type, age, outcome measures, publication year and language. Results Overall, 1.9% (28/1434) studies met study inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies revealed that telemedicine increased accuracy of patient assessment in the pre-clinical setting, improved time-to disposition, guided referring emergency department (ED) physicians in performing appropriate life-saving procedures and led to cost savings when compared to regular care. Studies focused on telepsychiatry demonstrated decreased length of stay (LOS), transfer rates and improved patient satisfaction scores. Discussion Our comprehensive review revealed that telemedicine enhances paediatric emergency care, enhances therapeutic decision-making and improves diagnostic accuracy, and reduces costs. Specifically, telemedicine has its most significant impact on LOS, access to specialized care, cost savings and patient satisfaction. However, there was a relative lack of randomized control trials, and more studies are needed to substantiate its impact on morbidity and mortality.

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