scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction and periodontal hemodynamic disturbances in young patients with nicotine dependence

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A. V. Naumov ◽  
V. A. Vyshivanyuk ◽  
A. L. Vertkin
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Periodontal Index

Aim.To investigate the association between periodontal hemodynamic disturbances and systemic endothelial dysfunction (ED); to assess the effectiveness of various toothpastes for periodontal disease prevention in patients with nicotine dependence.Material and methods.In total, 120 young individuals aged 22—28 years were divided into 2 groups, according to the presence or absence of nicotine dependence. All participants underwent ED assessment with the EndoPAT device. Microcirculation (MC) was assessed with the high-frequency Doppler ultrasound system MinimaxDoppler-K. Patients with nicotine dependence were divided into 2 subgroups. Subgroup A was recommended to use the R.O.C.S. toothpaste Anti-Tobacco (WDS Laboratories) twice a day, while Subgroup B participants were recommended to use the toothpaste Colgate Advanced Whitening with polishing micro-crystals (ColgatePalmolive Poland) twice a day.Results.Significant between-group differences were observed for reactive hyperemia index and augmentation index. ED severity was higher in smoking participants. Velocity and volume parameters of periodontal MC were lower in smokers. The use of each specialized toothpaste was associated with improved periodontal MC, decreased prevalence of periodontal pathology-related complaints, reduced periodontal pocket depth, and decreased periodontal index values; however, the Anti-Tobacco toothpaste was more effective.Conclusion.Young smokers demonstrated а more severe ED and disturbed periodontal MC, which manifested in a more advanced periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Partial recording protocols for periodontal disease assessment in epidemiological surveys

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Vianna Vettore ◽  
Gabriela de Almeida Lamarca ◽  
Anna Thereza Thomé Leão ◽  
Aubrey Sheiham ◽  
Maria do Carmo Leal
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Attachment Level

The objective of the present study was to compare the reliability of four partial-mouth protocols for assessing shallow, moderate, and deep sites for periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment levels. Periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level measurements were recorded for 156 subjects (age > 30). The four models of partial-mouth protocols compared were: Model I: all sites per tooth in the random half-mouth protocol randomly selecting one maxillary and mandibular quadrant, Model II: buccal sites in a full-mouth protocol, Model III: buccal sites in the random half-mouth protocol randomly selecting one maxillary and mandibular quadrant, Model IV: all sites per tooth using Community Periodontal Index teeth. In comparison with full mouth examination, Model I did not show significant differences for periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level parameters. Models II and III were different for some periodontal pocket depth means, and Model IV significantly overestimated all clinical parameters related to periodontal disease. Model I appears to be adequate to substitute for the full-mouth examination to assess the prevalence and severity of chronic periodontal disease in adults.

scholarly journals Periodontal clinical features of bronchial asthma patient using inhalation drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Maria Efrinta Ginting ◽  
Rosiliwati Wihardja ◽  
Dyah Nindita Carolina
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Gingival Bleeding ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Bronchial asthma patients use inhalation drugs as therapy to achieve a controlled asthma state. Inhaled corticosteroids and β2 agonists are the medication that is being used in this case. Prolonged use of inhalation drugs will affect the health of periodontal tissue. The effect of these drugs can reduce the periodontal defense mechanism and increase the risk of periodontal disease. This study aims to determine the periodontal clinical features of bronchial asthma patients using inhalation drugs. Method: This research was a descriptive study. The sample of the study were 22 females and 8 males bronchial asthma patients at the Community Lung Health Center of Bandung (Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Bandung/BBKPM Bandung) who had been using inhalation drugs for at least one year. The periodontal clinical feature was assessed by employing a Community Periodontal Index (CPI) modified with probing the gingival sulcus to assess the presence of gingival bleeding, periodontal pocket, and loss of clinical attachment where then a periodontal status was obtained. The periodontal status data were then processed using the periodontitis case definitions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) to determine periodontal disease in asthmatics patients. Results: Clinical features of gingival bleeding were found in 26 asthmatic patients (86.7%), periodontal pockets in 18 asthmatic patients (60%), and loss of clinical attachment in 27 asthmatic patients (90%). Based on the CDC/AAP case definition, 23 asthmatic patients (76.7%) had periodontitis. Bronchial asthma patients who used inhalation drugs had a risk of periodontitis.Conclusion: Bronchial asthma patients who used inhalation drugs for at least one year had gingival bleeding and loss of clinical attachment and periodontal pocket.

scholarly journals Detection of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains in patients with periodontal disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Cavalca Cortelli ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
José Roberto Cortelli ◽  
Shawn Francis Jordan ◽  
Violet Ibyola Haraszthy
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

This study examined the prevalence of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with periodontal disease. Pooled subgingival plaque samples from 136 patients with some form of periodontal disease were examined. Subjects were between 14 and 76 years of age. Clinical examinations included periodontal pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI). The obtained plaque samples were examined for the presence of highly or minimally leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chi-square and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the results. Forty-seven subjects were diagnosed with gingivitis, 70 with chronic periodontitis and 19 with aggressive periodontitis. According to chi-square there was no significant correlation detected between PD (chi2 = 0.73), PI (chi2 = 0.35), BI (chi2 = 0.09) and the presence of the highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans. The highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains were correlated with subjects that were 28 years of age and younger (chi2 = 7.41). There was a significant correlation between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans and aggressive periodontitis (chi2 = 22.06). This study of a Brazilian cohort confirms the strong association between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains and the presence of aggressive periodontitis.

scholarly journals The chronic periodontitis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The inflammation link between periodontal disease and coronary atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wojtkowska ◽  
Tomasz Zapolski ◽  
Joanna Wysokinska-Miszczuk ◽  
Andrzej P. Wysokinski
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Periodontal Index

Abstract Background Coronary atherosclerosis and periodontal disease, due to their prevalence, are a serious epidemiological problem. Pathophysiological evidence points to their possible common inflammatory etiopathological background. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the presence and severity of periodontitis, systemic inflammation and selected parameters of myocardial injury and heart function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods The study group consisted of 71 patients 54.22(7.05) - year - old hospitalized due to acute myocardial infarction. The patients underwent a coronary angiographic examination and echocardiography. The following laboratory parameters were determined: blood morphology, hsCRP, ESR, fibrinogen, troponin I, CK-MB, BNP, lipidogram, glucose, creatinine, GFR, TSH, HbA1c. Dental assessment of the patients was performed and the following indicators were included: the number of teeth preserved, approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing (BoP), pocket depth (PD), the number of bleeding periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm in depth (NoPD ≥ 4 mm), the percentage of bleeding periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm in depth (%PD ≥ 4 mm), clinical attachment loss (CAL). The severity of periodontal disease and periodontological treatment needs were determined using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Results The BI (bleeding index) significantly correlated with fibrynogen. All indices regarding the pocket depth (PD, NoPD ≥ 4 mm,% PD4 ≥ mm) correlated significantly with the number of leukocytes. PD and NoPD ≥ 4 mm were also associated significantly with the level of hsCRP. The BI is correlated closely with the levels of BNP. The multifactorial analysis showed that significant predictors of myocardial infarction are API and BI. The analysis showed that API and BI are important predictors of troponin levels. Linear regression analysis showed that only CAL is a significant predictor of BNP. Conclusions Patients with acute myocardial infarction have worse periodontal status in the AAP and CPITN classification compared to people without coronary heart disease. Higher severity of periodontal disease, poorer oral hygiene and increased activity of the periodontitis leads to greater manifestation of systemic inflammation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Periodontitis is a risk factor for myocardial infarction and also affects the degree of post-infarction left ventricular damage, which means that there is an inflammatory link between these two diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of statins (Simvastatin and lovastatin) in reducing periodontal parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Banihashem Rad ◽  
Majid Reza Mokhtari ◽  
Ershad Aghasizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Bakhshande Far ◽  
Ahmad Banihashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction and objective: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontal disease. Progression of the disease is due to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Statins are a class of lipid-lowering drugs that used for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Statins has potential anti-inflammatory effect by blocking intermediate metabolites of the mevalonate pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Lovastatin and Simvastatin in improve the parameters of chronic periodontitis in the population of Khorasan Razavi province. Methods and materials: 40 subjects with chronic periodontitis were selected and informed consent was obtained from participants. Participants were divided into control and experimental groups and we scaling for patients of both groups, then control group without high blood cholesterol and treatment of patients was done without statin drugs and in case groups, patients with blood cholesterol higher than 240 mg/dl with Lovastatin 20 mg/day during 3 month treated. Periodontal indices; such as probing pocket depth (PPD), GI, PI, CAL and bleeding on probing in patients with chronic periodontitis were measured by the examiner before and after treatment in the control group and the experimental group. Also this index were measured 3 months after treatment in both groups by the same person examiner as Blind and dataes were analyzed by statistical software. Results: In this study, Mean ± SD of age was 7.93 ± 43.8 in the control group and the experimental group was 7.72 ± 47.8 and of the 40 patients in the study, 18 were males and 22 were females. Our study showed that the index of GI, CAL, BOP and probing depth were significantly different between the two groups after the intervention (P less than 0.05) and only after the intervention PI index was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings showed that statins may improve periodontal index in patient with periodontal disease. This is probably because that statins increase bone regeneration and reduced inflammatory parameters such as CRP, MMP-9, TNF-α and the intermediate products.

scholarly journals Global Prevalence of Periodontal Disease and Lack of Its Surveillance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazir ◽  
Asim Al-Ansari ◽  
Khalifa Al-Khalifa ◽  
Muhanad Alhareky ◽  
Balgis Gaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
High Income ◽  
World Health ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Bleeding On Probing ◽  
Periodontal Index

Background. Periodontal disease is a public health problem and is strongly associated with systemic diseases; however, its worldwide distribution is not fully understood. Objective. To evaluate global data of periodontal disease: (1) among adolescents, adults, and older population and (2) in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Methods. This ecological study included data of periodontal disease from the World Health Organization’s data bank which are based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN code: 0 = no disease; 1 = bleeding on probing; 2 = calculus; 3 = periodontal pocket (PD) 4-5 mm; 4 = PD (6+ mm). Age- and income-related periodontal disease inequalities were evaluated across the globe. Results. Compared with 9.3% of adults and 9.7% of older persons, 21.2% of adolescents had no periodontal disease (P=0.005). Nearly 18.8% of adolescents compared with 8.9% of adults and 5% of older persons had bleeding on probing (P≤0.001). Similarly, 50.3% of adolescents, 44.6% of adults, and 31.9% older persons demonstrated the occurrence of calculus (P=0.01). On the other hand, older persons had the highest prevalence of PD 4-5 mm and PD 6+ mm than adults and adolescents (P≤0.001). The distribution of periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) in adults differed significantly in low- (28.7%), lower-middle- (10%), upper-middle- (42.5%), and high-income countries (43.7%) (P=0.04). However, no significant differences in periodontitis (CPITN code 3 + 4) were observed in adolescents and older persons in low- to high-income countries. Conclusions. Within the limitations of data, this study found that the distribution of periodontal disease increases with age. Periodontitis was the most common in older persons and in population from high-income countries.

scholarly journals Retrieval of a periodontally compromised tooth by allogeneic grafting of mesenchymal stem cells from dental pulp: A case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 2983-2993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Hernández-Monjaraz ◽  
Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio ◽  
Edgar Ledesma-Martínez ◽  
Andrés Alcauter-Zavala ◽  
Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Lower Premolar

Objective To report a case of successful allogeneic grafting of mesenchymal dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) as preliminary findings in a patient with periodontal disease enrolled into clinical trial ISRCTN12831118. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells from the dental pulp of a deciduous tooth from a 7-year-old donor were separated from the pulp chamber and processed via enzymatic digestion and centrifugation. DPSCs were passaged and cultured on a 35 × 13 mm culture dish in minimum essential medium-alpha, without supplementation. After reaching 80% confluency, 5 x 106 allogeneic DPSCs in 250 µl phosphate buffered saline were seeded onto a dry scaffold of lyophilized collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone sponge placed in the left lower premolar area of a 61-year-old patient with periodontal disease. Surgical access to the lower premolar area was achieved using the flap technique. Results At 3 and 6 months following allogeneic graft, the patient showed no sign of rejection and exhibited decreases in tooth mobility, periodontal pocket depth and bone defect area. Bone mineral density had increased at the graft site. Conclusions Regenerative periodontal therapy using DPSCs of allogeneic origin may be a promising treatment for periodontal disease-induced bone defects.

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Changing the Treatment Paradigm

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Loesche
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Periodontal Infection

Over the last 100 years, methods of surgical periodontal treatment have enjoyed a history of success in improving oral health. The paradigm of care is based on the "non-specific plaque hypothesis"-that is, the overgrowth of bacterial plaques cause periodontal disease, and the suppression of this overgrowth reduces disease risk. The central feature of this approach to care is the removal of inflamed gingival tissue around the teeth to reduce periodontal pocket depth, thereby facilitating plaque removal by the dentist and by the patient at home. Over the last 30 years, with the recognition that periodontal disease(s) is caused by specific bacteria and that specific antimicrobial agents can reduce or eliminate the infection, a second paradigm has developed. This new paradigm, the "specific plaque hypothesis", focuses on reducing the specific bacteria that cause periodontal attachment loss. The contrast between the two paradigms can be succinctly stated as follows: The antimicrobial therapy reduces the cause, while the surgical therapy reduces the result of the periodontal infection. The specific plaque hypothesis has two important implications. First, with the increasing attention to evidence-based models for prevention, treatment, outcome assessment, and reimbursement of care, increasing attention and financial effort will be channeled into effective preventive and treatment methods. Second, the recent observations that periodontal infections increase the risk of specific systemic health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, argue for the prevention and elimination of these periodontal infections. This review highlights some of the evidence for the specific plaque hypothesis, and the questions that should be addressed if antimicrobial agents are to be used responsively and effectively.

Canine Periodontal Disease Control Using a Clindamycin Hydrochloride Gel

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Johnston ◽  
Pravakar Mondal ◽  
Dhananjay Pal ◽  
Scott MacGee ◽  
Arnold J. Stromberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Cleaning Procedure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Gingival Cells

Stabilizing or reducing periodontal pocket depth can have a positive influence on the retention of teeth in dogs. A topical 2 % clindamycin hydrochloride gel (CHgel) was evaluated for the treatment of periodontal disease in dogs. The CHgel formulation provides for the sustained erosion of the matrix, but also flows into the periodontal pocket as a viscous liquid, and then rapidly forms a gel that has mucoadhesive properties and also may function as a physical barrier to the introduction of bacteria. A professional teeth cleaning procedure including scaling and root planing was done in dogs with one group receiving CHgel following treatment. Periodontal health was determined before and after the procedure including measurement of periodontal pocket depth, gingival index, gingival bleeding sites, and number of suppurating sites. There was a statistically significant decrease in periodontal pocket depth (19 %), gingival index (16 %), and the number of bleeding sites (64 %) at 90-days in dogs receiving CHgel. Additionally, the number of suppurating sites was lower (93 %) at 90-days for the group receiving CHgel. The addition of CHgel effectively controlled the bacterial burden (e.g., Fusobacterium nucleatum) at both day 14 and 90. Gingival cells in culture were shown to rapidly incorporate clindamycin and attain saturation in approximately 20-minutes. In summary, a professional teeth cleaning procedure including root planning and the addition of CHgel improves the gingival index and reduces periodontal pocket depth.

scholarly journals Periodontal disease in ideal weight, overweight and obese patients in different gender of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1461-1465
Author(s):  
Zaheer Hussain Chachar ◽  
Gotam Das ◽  
Shabir Ahmed ◽  
Maimuna Khokhar ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Ideal Weight ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Female Ratio

Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the inflammation of the gingiva extending into the supporting structure of teeth. Periodontal disease is characterized by loss of clinical attachment due to destruction of the periodontal ligament and loss of the adjacent supporting bone eventually leading to tooth loss. Obesity is unusual or unnecessary fat deposition that may harm health. A number of hypotheses for biological reactions among obesity and periodontal disease have been anticipated. Objectives: To determine the frequency of ideal weight, overweight and obese patients in dental outdoor of FMH Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting:  Medical Outdoor at Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan. Period: 15th January to 14th July 2017. Material & Methods: A total 100 patients came to the medical outpatients department between 25 to 45 years of age were included. Patients satisfying the inclusion criteria, subjects BMI score were checked by classifying him/her obese, overweight or normal weight. Periodontal pocket depth was observed by WHO probe of one tooth from each male and female patient. Frequency of periodontal disease was seen in subjects. Results: Age range in his study was from 25 to 45 years with mean age of 36.9 ±7.51 years. In 100 patients 66 (66%) were females & 34 (34%) were males and with male to female ratio 1.9:1. Periodontal disease was seen in 47 female patients (71%) and in 24 male patients (70%). Pocket depth was present in over weight and obese patients more than normal weight. Conclusion: current study accomplished that there is positive association of periodontal disease in overweight and obese patients. The incidence of periodontal disease was highest in female obese patients.

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