scholarly journals The Influence of Weather Conditions During Vegetation Period on Yielding of Twelve Determinate Tomato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta JEDRSZCZYK ◽  
Barbara SKOWERA ◽  
Joanna KOPCINSKA ◽  
Anna M. AMBROSZCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Tomato yield and biomass growth are closely linked to climatic conditions during vegetation period. Low temperatures and high precipitation in summer constitute the main cause of the large variability of field tomato yielding contributing to worsen the quality of the yield. The aim of the investigation was determining the influence of meteorological basic components in the growing season of the tomato to total and marketable yield of twelve determinate cultivars. Experiment took place in the open field in the Vegetable Experimental Station of Agricultural University of Mydlniki near Cracow in the years 2008 - 2010. A different sensitivity of examined tomato cultivars to the course of weather conditions was stated. ‘Ondraszek’ cultivar get the highest marketable yield in all years of investigation what indicate the most adaptation to variable weather conditions and cultivars ‘Hetman’, ‘Hubal’ and ‘Babinicz’ were the least adaptated and they gave the lowest yield. Analysis of the influence of weather condition on total and marketable yield of twelve determine tomato cultivars showed, that the sum and distribution of precipitation were decisive. High precipitations decreased total and marketable yield, whereas frequent and lower precipitations influenced favorable. Since from the third stage, i.e., the beginning of fruits setting to the beginning of ripening, a larger impact of meteorological factors on marketable than total yield had been observed. In the fruits ripening stage a marketable yield depended only on sum of temperatures.

scholarly journals Effect of synthetic mulches on melon (Cucumis melo L.) yielding

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Edyta Kosterna ◽  
Anna Zaniewicz-Bajkowska ◽  
Jolanta Franczuk ◽  
Robert Rosa ◽  
Krystyna Chromińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Polypropylene Fabric ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Effect of synthetic mulches on melon (Cucumis meloL.) yieldingA field experiment was carried out in 2006-2008. The study examined the effect of soil mulching with synthetic materials (black polyethylene film, black polypropylene nonwoven 50 g m-2, and black polypropylene fabric 94 g m-2) on the fruit yield and quality of two melon cultivars (‘Seledyn’ and ‘Yupi’) grown in the field under the climatic conditions of central-eastern Poland. Specimens grown without mulching served as the control. The climatic conditions during the study years had a significant influence on the level of total, marketable and early yield of melon. The highest melon yield was obtained in 2007, which was characterised by the most favourable weather conditions for melon cultivation. The comparison of the cultivars showed that ‘Seledyn’ was better adapted to the climatic conditions of Poland. From cultivation, this cultivar achieved significantly higher early and total fruit yield compared with ‘Yupi’. ‘Seledyn’ was also characterised by a higher share of early yield of the total yield, a higher number of fruit in the early yield and a higher mean fruit weight. In turn, ‘Yupi’ produced a significantly higher share of marketable yield of the total yield and a higher number of marketable fruit.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Irrigation Scheduling Model for Drip-irrigated Potato in Southeastern United States

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Simonne ◽  
Nadia Ouakrim ◽  
Arnold Caylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Planting Dates

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is often produced as a nonirrigated crop in the southeastern United States. This practice makes tuber yields dependent on rainfall pattern and amount. An irrigation scheduling method based on a water balance and daily class A pan evaporation (Ep) was evaluated during 1996 and 1998 on a Hartsells fine sandy loam soil for `Red LaSoda' potatoes. Planting dates were 9 and 7 Apr. in 1996 and 1998, respectively, and standard production practices were followed each year. The model tested was (13 DAH + 191) * 0.5 ASW = D DAH-1 + [Ep * (0.12 + 0.023 DAH - 0.00019 DAH2) - RDAH - IDAH], where DAH was days after hilling, ASW was available soil water (0.13 mm/mm), D was soil water deficit (mm), R was rainfall (mm), and I was irrigation (mm). Controlled levels of water application ranging between 0% and 200% of the model rate were created with drip tapes. Four and seven irrigations were scheduled in 1996 and 1998, respectively. For both years, no interaction between irrigation regime and nitrogen rate was observed. Irrigation rate significantly influenced total yield and marketable yield (R2 > 0.88, P < 0.01). Highest total yields occurred at 99% and 86% of the model rate in 1996 and 1998, respectively. These results show that supplementing rainfall with irrigation and controlling the amount of water applied by adjusting irrigation to actual weather conditions increased potato marketable yield. Over the 2-year period of the study, an average additional profit of $563/ha/year was calculated from costs and returns due to irrigation, suggesting that drip-irrigation may be economical for potato production.

ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN SELECTION NUMBERS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Е. V. Gureeva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Seed Growing

In modern world plant growing soybeans are among the most important protein-oil crops and continue to gain popularity among Russian farmers. The total area under soybean in season 17/18 increased to 2.64 million hectares (+ 18% against season 16/17), with an increase of 21% in the European part of Russia, and 1.64 million tons of oilseeds were harvested. To obtain a high yield with good seed quality, it is very important to create very early, highly productive, ecologically adapted varieties for specific soil and climatic conditions. In the conditions of the Institute of Seed Growing and Agrotechnology - the branch of the FBBUU FNAC VIM in 2013-2017. in breeding nurseries an analysis of the variability of quantitative soybean characteristics was carried out. It has been established that such a feature as the duration of the growing season is characterized by weak variability (6.1%). The average variable characteristics include the number of productive nodes on the plant, the mass of seeds from 1 plant and the mass of 1000 seeds. The widest range of variability (27.3-41.8%) is observed in terms of: plant height, number of branches and beans on the plant, seed yield. In our studies, the lowest coefficient of variation (Cv) was found in the George variety - 24.8%. Studies have shown that the yield of seed varieties of varieties over the years ranged from 0.79 to 3.04 t / ha. The evaluation of the soybean breeding material for productivity in different years of research in meteorological conditions showed that the most productive and stable, irrespective of weather conditions, are H 24/11 and H 2/14 varieties with a vegetation period of 102 days.

FERTILIZES EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITION UNDER POTATOES CULTIVATION ON DRAINED LANDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
L. I. Petrova ◽  
Yu. I. Mitrofanov ◽  
N. K. Pervushina ◽  
V. N. Lapushkina
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
Favorable State ◽  
Potato Crops

The article presents the results of studies in 2011-2019. to study the effect of various fertilizer norms, weather conditions on the yield and quality of potato products, soil water regime, photosynthetic activity, payment of 1 kg a.v. fertilizers with a crop increase in the conditions of the Tver region. The experiment is based on sod-podzolic light loamy drained soil with closed drainage. Potatoes were grown in 3 variants: without fertilizers, average norms and high norms. Weather conditions during the years of research (according to G.T. Selyaninov) are divided into groups: excessively humid, moist and arid. The moisture content of the arable layer of the soil under planting of potatoes, according to the gradations of these years, the average vegetation period was 73, 60, 39% of the lowest moisture capacity. A more favorable state of the water-air regime of the soil during the cultivation of potatoes according to the ridge technology during the growing season was formed in excessively wet years, in the wet years the plants experienced a lack of moisture in certain phases, especially during the period from tuberization  to ripening. In dry years, plants experienced a large lack of moisture throughout the growing season. On average, according to the experimental variants, a higher potato crop was formed in excessively wet years compared to wet years by 21%, and with dry ones by 68%. The use of fertilizers had a positive effect on the formation of potato crops and depended on weather conditions. A greater effect from the use of fertilizers was noted in excessively wet years, with average rates the yield increased by 32.2 t / ha, at high - by 41.5, in wet - by 10.3 and 14.9, respectively, in dry - by 11.0 and 16.8. The share of weather conditions in crop variability was 23%, fertilizers - 61%.

scholarly journals Univariate and multivariate procedures for agronomic evaluation of organically grown tomato cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C Araujo ◽  
Samuel FP Telhado ◽  
Rogério H Sakai ◽  
Carlos AS Ledo ◽  
Paulo CT Melo
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Organically Grown

ABSTRACT Tomato is one of the most important crops, the worldwide production in 2012 reached 161.8 million tons. Considering the lack of agronomic information on already available cultivars as well as on the varieties under development by breeding programs for organic systems, the objectives of this work were determine the yield components of 14 tomato cultivars in the organic system, through univariate and multivariate analysis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replications and five plants per plot. Evaluations consisted of total, marketable and non-marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant, in 2010. We carried out analysis of variance, using test F 5%. The effect of cultivar was fixed and the block effect was random. Then, means were ranked according to Scott-Knott 5%. Differences among cultivars were significant for total yield, number of marketable fruits per plant and marketable yield. The mean for total yield among cultivars was 51 t/ha and for marketable yield was 41 t/ha. Cultivars IAC 1 and Santa Clara were the least dissimilar (0.38). On the other hand, cultivars HTV 0601 and IAC 3 were the most dissimilar (10.63). The score dispersion graph showed two distinct groups. The second group contained cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari and Netuno, which stood out in the evaluation for the organic production system, presenting the highest total yield, marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant. Multivariate analysis was effective in identifying clusters of cultivars.

scholarly journals Yield of Two Hydroponically Grown Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Transplanting Stage or Direct Seeding

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Makgose Maboko ◽  
Christian Phillipus Du Plooy
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Direct seeding or transplanting younger seedlings should reduce costs in hydroponic systems. A 2-year study (2011–12 and 2012–13) was conducted to determine yield of two hydroponically grown tomato cultivars using transplanted seedlings at different growth stages vs. direct seeding. An open bag, using 10-L plastic bags filled with sawdust, was used for direct seeding and transplanting of seedlings at two-, four- or six-leaf stages. Data were collected on early marketable, early total, total, total marketable and cull yield as well as plant fresh and dry mass. In 2011–12, there was increased early marketable and total yields from direct-seeded plants or plants transplanted at the two- or four-leaf stage. Cultivar FA593 produced a higher early marketable yield and total yield compared with ‘Linares’. In 2012–13, the highest early marketable and total yields were for plants developed from those transplanted at the two-leaf stage or from those developed from direct seeding. There was no difference between cultivars on marketable and total yield. Cultivar Linares produced the highest plant fresh and dry mass. Early yield can be induced by direct seeding or transplanting seedlings at the two-true leaf stage with no significant effect on total yield and marketable yield. Direct-seeded plants, or transplanting seedlings at the two-leaf stage, will benefit growers by producing tomatoes earlier for the market while eliminating or reducing transplant shock.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

Influence of the nesting method of growing leeks on the formation of the crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
М.Е. Дыйканова ◽  
В.И. Терехова ◽  
А.Э. Борашвили ◽  
А.В. Константинович
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Manual Labour ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The One ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Crop Research

Лук-порей – одна из распространенных овощных культур в Европе. В России порей можно отнести в категорию малораспространенных, что связано с рядом проблем: более суровыми климатическими условиями в период массовой уборки позднеспелых сортов по отношению к европейским странам и нехваткой помещений для хранения продукции с регулируемыми условиями. Распространение этой культуры сдерживается из-за недостаточной информированности населения об ее ценных свойствах и возможностей применения в питании, а также из-за отсутствия прогрессивной технологии выращивания и хранения. Современная технология лука-порея требует значительных затрат ручного труда во время товарной доработки. Все перечисленные факторы затрудняют внедрение лука-порея в массовое производство. Цель работы – изучить влияние гнездового размещения растений на раннюю и общую урожайность. Исследования проводили в 2019–2020 годах на коллекционном участке кафедры овощеводства, территории УНПЦ «Овощная опытная станция имени В.И. Эдельштейна». В исследованиях использовали сорта Карантанский, Коламбус. Использовали для посадки рассаду возрастом 60 суток, все варианты высаживали одновременно. Погодные условия 2019–2020 годов на момент высадки рассады в открытый грунт были приблизительно равны среднемноголетним значениям. Способ размещения рендомизированный, повторность четырехкратная. Площадь опытной делянки 38 м2, схема посадки – 70×30 см. Для получения рассады семена высевали в первой декаде марта, рассаду высаживали в открытый грунт в первой-второй декаде мая, пучковую продукцию убирали во второй декаде июля, сбор урожая проводили в первой декаде октября. В период вегетации были проведены биометрические измерения и учет урожая. Приведены особенности развития растений лука-порея в зависимости от варианта опыта. Сорта Карантанский и Коламбус рекомендуются для получения мини-продукции лука-порея, используя вариант два растения в гнезде. Для получения максимальной товарной продукции у изучаемых сортов необходимо выращивать одно растение в гнезде. Leek is the one of the most common vegetable crop in Europe. In Russia, leek can be classified as less common, which is associated with such problems as: harsher climatic conditions during the period of mass harvesting of late-ripening varieties in relation to European countries and the lack of premises for storing products with controlled conditions. The spread of this crop is hindered due to insufficient population awareness of its valuable properties and nutritional applications, as well as the lack of advanced growing and storage technology. Modern leek technology requires significant manual labour during product refinement. All these factors make it difficult to introduce leeks into mass production. The purpose of the work is studying the effect of nesting of plants on the growth and formation of the crop. Research was carried out in 2019–2020 at the collection site of the department of vegetable growing, the territory of the Vegetable Experimental Station named after V.I. Edelstein. The research used varieties Karantansky, Colambus. Seedlings aged 60 days were using for planting, all variants were planted simultaneously in one day. Seedlings aged 60 days were used for planting, all variants were planted simultaneously on the same day. Weather conditions in 2019–2020 at the time of planting seedlings in the open ground were approximately equal to the long-term average values. The placement method is rendomized, with four-fold repetition. The area of the experimental plot is 38 m2, the planting scheme is 70×30 cm. Seeds were sown for seedlings in the first decade of March, seedlings were planted in the open ground in the first or second decade of may, bundle products were harvested in the second decade of July, and the total yield was in the first decade of October. Biometric measurements and crop records were performed during the growing season. Features of development of leek plants depending on the experiment variant are given. Thus, the varieties Karantansky and Columbus can be recommended for obtaining mini-products of leeks, using the option of two plants in the nest. To get the maximum marketable products in the studied varieties, it is necessary to grow one plant in the nest.

scholarly journals The effect of soil mulching with straw on the yield and selected components of nutritive value in broccoli and tomatoes

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Kosterna
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Rye Straw

ABSTRACT By maintaining proper moisture and reducing daily temperature fluctuations, mulching improves soil conditions for plant growth and development, resulting in a positive effect on the vegetable yield. The chemical composition of vegetables is genetically determined as well as being modified by factors affecting the plant during growth, and particularly climatic conditions and agro-technology practices. The effects of soil mulching with rye, corn, rape and buckwheat straw at a dose of 10 and 20 t ha-1 on the yield and changes of selected components of nutritive value in ‘Milady’ F1 broccoli and ‘Polfast’ F1 tomato were investigated. The effect of straw was compared to a control plot without mulch. The yield of the vegetables and their chemical composition depended to a higher degree on weather conditions in the years of study. 2010 was the most favourable for broccoli yielding and 2011 for tomato. More nutrients components in heads and fruits were found in 2011 and 2012, which were characterised by favourable rainfall distribution. All straws applied in the experiment, irrespective of dosage, caused an increase in broccoli yield. However, soil mulching with straw at a dose of 10 t ha-1 was better for tomato yielding. Soil mulching with rye, corn and buckwheat straw increased the share of marketable yield in the total yield of broccoli and rye straw as well as the share of marketable yield of tomato. Mulching with rape and buckwheat straw decreased dry matter content in the edible parts of the vegetables. Mulch with rye straw contributed to a decreased content of ascorbic acid in heads and fruits and also caused a slight reduction in tomato flesh acidity. However, soil mulching with corn and rape straw caused an increase in total sugars and monosaccharide content in broccoli and tomato.

scholarly journals Could Irrigation Increase Irish Potato Yields in the Southeast?

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 529B-529
Author(s):  
Eric H. Simonne ◽  
Joseph M. Kemble ◽  
Arnold W. Caylor
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Root Depth ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Scheduling Method ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Potato Yields

Most potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is produced as a non-irrigated crop in the southeastern United States. This practice makes potato yields dependent on rainfall pattern and amount. An irrigation scheduling method based on a water balance and class A pan evaporation data (Ep) was evaluated in Spring 1996 on a fine sandy loam soil with `LaSoda' potatoes. Planting date was 9 Apr. and standard production practices were followed. The model was (12.7 DAH + 191) * 0.5 ASW = D(DAH-1) + [Ep (0.12 + 0.023 DAH - 0.00019 DAH*DAH) - R(DAH) - I(DAH)], where DAH is days after hilling (DAH = 0 on 14 May), ASW is available soil water (0.13 mm/mm), D is soil water deficit (mm), R is rainfall (mm) and I is irrigation (mm). Root depth expanded at a rate of 13 mm/day to a maximum depth of 305 mm. Root depth at hilling was 191 mm. Controlled levels of water application ranging between 0% and 161% of the model rate were created with drip tapes. The model scheduled irrigations on 35, 39, 43 and 49 DAH. On 85 DAH, potatoes were harvested and graded. Irrigation influenced total yield, marketable yield, and combined US #1 grades (P < 0.01; R2 > 0.85). Mean marketable yields were 19, 28, and 21 t/ha for the 0%, 100%, and 160% irrigation rates, respectively. These results suggest that supplementing rainfall with irrigation and controlling the amount of water applied by adjusting irrigation to actual weather conditions could increase potato yields. Excessive water, as well as limiting water, reduced potato yields.

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