Effects of Combine Exercise on HSP70 and SOD1 Expression of Aorta, Skeletal Muscle and Myocardium in High Fat Diet induced Obese Aging Rats

PURPOSE: Exercise improve myocardial cell protection and vascular function through cell repair and suppression of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases caused by aging. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combine exercise on HSP70 and SOD1 protein expression of aorta, skeletal muscle and myocardium in high fat diet induced obese aging rats.METHODS: Male 50-week-old Sprague Dawley rats (n=40) were divided into normal diet (ND, n=10), normal diet+exercise (NDEx, n=10), high fat diet (HFD, n=10), and high fat diet+exercise (HFDEx, n=10) groups. After six weeks on a high fat diet to induce obesity, a 12-week combine exercise program was implemented, which combine exercise (treadmill running+ladder climbing) three times a week for 45 minutes per session.RESULTS: Body weight was significantly decreased after 12 weeks combine exercise program compared to the ND group (p<.05) and HFDEx group compared to the HFD group (p<.05), respectively. After completing the 12-week exercise program, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expressions were significantly (p<.05) higher in the NDEx group compared to the ND group in the myocardium. Also, SOD1 protein expression was significantly (p<.05) higher in the NDEx group compared to the ND group and HFDEx group compared to the HFD group in the skeletal muscle.CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combine exercise intervention of high fat diet-induced obesity resulted in decreased cell repair protein and antioxidant enzyme protein in the myocardium. Therefore, it is thought that combine exercise intervention for obese induced rats improved the cell repair protein and antioxidant enzyme activity of the myocardium.

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Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise on Myokines in High Fat Diet-Induced Middle-Aged Obese Rats

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082685 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2685

Author(s):

Nayoung Ahn ◽

Kijin Kim

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Diet Group ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on myokines expression in the skeletal muscle of middle-aged rats with high fat diet-induced obesity, to investigate the feasibility of using exercise training to reduce inflammation. Male 50-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into normal diet, normal diet + exercise, high fat diet, and high fat diet + exercise groups. After six weeks on a high fat diet to induce obesity, a 12-week exercise program was implemented, which combined aerobic exercise (treadmill running) and resistance exercise (ladder climbing) three times a week for 75 min per session. We analyzed the protein levels of interleukins (IL) 6, 7, and 8, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in skeletal muscles by western blotting. Body weight decreased significantly during the 12-week exercise program in the exercise groups compared to the non-exercise groups (p < 0.05). The levels of all myokines analyzed were significantly lower in the skeletal muscle of the high fat diet group compared to the normal diet group (p < 0.05). After completing the 12-week exercise program, IL-7, IL-8, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions were significantly higher in the high fat diet + exercise group compared to the high fat diet group (p < 0.05). However, while IL-6 expression was significantly lower in the high fat diet and high fat diet + exercise groups compared to the normal diet group (p < 0.05), it was not significantly affected by exercise. In conclusion, high fat diet-induced obesity resulted in decreased myokines in the skeletal muscles, but combined exercise training of aerobic and resistance exercise increased myokines secretion in the skeletal muscle of obese rats, and is thought to help reduce inflammation.

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Novel regulation of renal gluconeogenesis by Atp6ap2 in response to high fat diet via PGC1-α/AKT-1 pathway

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90952-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Safia Akhtar ◽

Silas A. Culver ◽

Helmy M. Siragy

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Wild Type ◽

High Fat ◽

Renal Gluconeogenesis ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Renal Expression

AbstractRecent studies suggested that renal gluconeogenesis is substantially stimulated in the kidney in presence of obesity. However, the mechanisms responsible for such stimulation are not well understood. Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that mice fed high fat diet (HFD) exhibited increase in renal Atp6ap2 [also known as (Pro)renin receptor] expression. We hypothesized that HFD upregulates renal gluconeogenesis via Atp6ap2-PGC-1α and AKT pathway. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunostaining, we evaluated renal expression of the Atp6ap2 and renal gluconeogenic enzymes, PEPCK and G6Pase, in wild type and inducible nephron specific Atp6ap2 knockout mice fed normal diet (ND, 12 kcal% fat) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 45 kcal% fat) for 8 weeks. Compared with ND, HFD mice had significantly higher body weight (23%) (P < 0.05), renal mRNA and protein expression of Atp6ap2 (39 and 35%), PEPCK (44 and 125%) and G6Pase (39 and 44%) respectively. In addition, compared to ND, HFD mice had increased renal protein expression of PGC-1α by 32% (P < 0.05) and downregulated AKT by 33% (P < 0.05) respectively in renal cortex. Atp6ap2-KO abrogated these changes in the mice fed HFD. In conclusion, we identified novel regulation of renal gluconeogenesis by Atp6ap2 in response to high fat diet via PGC1-α/AKT-1 pathway.

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High-fat Diet Induced Cardiac Oxidative Stress Differentially Modulates Protein Expression and Specific Activity of the Antioxidant Enzyme Catalase

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.563 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. S195

Author(s):

Paul M Rindler ◽

Luke I Szweda ◽

Mike Kinter

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Specific Activity ◽

High Fat ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Catalase

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Anti-Obesity and Antidiabetic Effects of Nelumbinis Semen Powder in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113576 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3576

Author(s):

Su Bin Hwang ◽

Bog-Hieu Lee

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Normal Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Model Assessment ◽

High Fat ◽

Antidiabetic Effects ◽

Nelumbinis Semen

Nelumbinis Semen (NS, the seeds of Nelumbo nucifera) extract is a traditional Korean medicine with anti-oxidant activity. The present study examined the anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects of NS powder in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Mice (n = 8/group) were fed a normal diet (CON), HFD, HFD containing 5% NS powder (HFD-NS5%), or HFD containing 10% NS powder (HFD-NS10%) for 12 weeks. Food intake was relatively higher in groups HFD-NS5% and HFD-NS10%, while the food efficiency ratio was highest in group HFD (p < 0.05). HFD-NS5% reduced the body weight (−39.1%) and fat weight (−26.6%), including epididymal fat and perirenal fat, and lowered the serum triglyceride levels (−20.6%) compared with HFD. Groups HFD-NS5% and HFD-NS10% showed hepatoprotective properties, reducing the serum ALT levels (p < 0.05) and fat globules (size and number) in the liver compared with group HFD. HFD-NS5% and HFD-NS10% regulated the blood glucose, improved the glucose intolerance, and showed a 12.5% and 15.0% reduction in the area under the curve (AUC) of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and a 26.8% and 47.3% improvement in homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), respectively, compared with HFD (p < 0.05). Regarding the expressions of genes related to anti-obesity and antidiabetes, there was a 1.7- and 1.3-fold increase in PPAR-α protein expression, 1.4- and 1.6-fold increase in PPAR-γ protein expression, and 0.7- and 0.6-fold decrease in TNF-α protein expression, respectively, following HFD-NS5% and HFD-NS10% treatments, compared with HFD, and GLUT4 protein expression increased relative to CON (p < 0.05). These results comprehensively provide the fundamental data for NS powder’s functional and health-promoting benefits associated with anti-obesity and antidiabetes.

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Mitochondrial Function and Protein Expression in C5L2KO Mouse Skeletal Muscle after 10 Weeks of High-Fat Diet Intake

10.1210/endo-meetings.2011.part4.p2.p3-441 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. P3-441-P3-441

Author(s):

Christian Roy ◽

Sabina Paglialunga ◽

Joris Hoeks ◽

Katherine Cianflone ◽

Patrick Schrauwen

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Mouse Skeletal Muscle ◽

Diet Intake

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Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2018-0622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 774-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük ◽

Canan Başaran-Küçükgergin ◽

Muhammed Seyithanoğlu ◽

Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽

Hikmet Koçak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Transferase Activity ◽

High Fat

This study investigated the effects of curcumin and capsaicin on testicular and hepatic oxidant–antioxidant status in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (8 rats per group). The control group was fed a normal control diet (standard laboratory chow), the HFD group was fed HFD (60% of total calories from fat), the HFD+CUR group received HFD supplemented with curcumin (1.5 g curcumin/kg HFD), the HFD+CAP group was given HFD supplemented with capsaicin (0.15 g capsaicin/kg HFD), and the HFD+CUR+CAP group received HFD supplemented with curcumin and capsaicin for 16 weeks. Hepatic and testicular thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione transferase activity, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase protein expression and enzyme activities were measured. Protein expression was determined by Western blotting. GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured with colorimetric methods. HFD slightly increased hepatic and testicular oxidative stress parameters. GSH levels did not change between groups. TBARS and ROS levels were significantly reduced in the HFD+CUR+CAP group compared with the HFD group. Liver and testis antioxidant enzyme activities and expression increased significantly with combined capsaicin and curcumin treatment. Curcumin and capsaicin treatment attenuated testicular and hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced the antioxidant defense system. The combination of capsaicin and curcumin with HFD seems to have some remarkable and beneficial effects on testicular oxidative damage in the fatty liver rat model.

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Pioglitazone Upregulates Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Expression in Insulin-Sensitive Tissues in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/603409 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Wei Zhang ◽

Yi-Zhi Xu ◽

Bo Liu ◽

Rong Wu ◽

Ying-Ying Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

High Fat

Background and Aim.Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) can improve hepatic steatosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Angiotensin (Ang) II, the primary effector of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), plays vital roles in the development and progression of NASH. And some AngII-mediated effects can be regulated by TZDs. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, a new component of RAS, can degrade Ang II to attenuate its subsequent physiological actions. We aimed to evaluate the effects of TZDs on ACE2 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues in NASH rats.Methods. Forty rats were divided into the normal control, high-fat diet (HFD), pioglitazone control, and HFD plus pioglitazone groups. After 24 weeks of treatment, we evaluated changes in liver histology and tissue-specific ACE2 expression.Results. ACE2 gene and protein expression was significantly greater in liver and adipose tissue in the HFD group compared with normal control group, while was significantly reduced in skeletal muscle. Pioglitazone significantly reduced the degree of hepatic steatosis compared with the HFD group. Pioglitazone significantly increased ACE2 protein expression in liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle compared with the HFD group.Conclusions. Pioglitazone improves hepatic steatosis in the rats with HFD-induced NASH and upregulates ACE2 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues.

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Untargeted Metabolomic Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Rabbits Induced by a High Fat Diet

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1722

Author(s):

Huimei Fan ◽

Yanhong Li ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Jiahao Shao ◽

Tao Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Muscle Metabolism ◽

Principal Component ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Normal Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Tissue Samples

Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome caused by a high fat diet (HFD) have become public health problems worldwide. These diseases are characterized by the oxidation of skeletal muscle mitochondria and disruption of insulin resistance, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, this study aims to reveal how high-fat diet causes skeletal muscle metabolic disorders. In total, 16 weaned rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, one group was fed a standard normal diet (SND) and the other group was fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks. At the end of the five-week experiment, skeletal muscle tissue samples were taken from each rabbit. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that high fat diet significantly altered the expression levels of phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnosine, and tetrahydrocorticosterone in skeletal muscle. Principal component analysis (PCA) and least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that, compared with the SND group, skeletal muscle metabolism in HFD group was significantly up-regulated. Among 43 skeletal muscle metabolites in the HFD group, phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnosine, and tetrahydrocorticosteroids were identified as biomarkers of skeletal muscle metabolic diseases, and may become potential physiological targets of related diseases in the future. Untargeted metabonomics analysis showed that high-fat diet altered the metabolism of phospholipids, carnitine, amino acids and steroids in skeletal muscle of rabbits. Notably, phospholipids, LCACs, histidine, carnopeptide, and tetrahydrocorticosteroids block the oxidative capacity of mitochondria and disrupt the oxidative capacity of glucose and the fatty acid-glucose cycle in rabbit skeletal muscle.

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