scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of farmworkers from the state of Rio de Janeiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riva Schumacker Brust ◽  
Luíza Pereira Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da Silva ◽  
Isabel Cristina Ribeiro Regazzi ◽  
Gilberto Santos de Aguiar ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the epidemiological profile of farmworkers exposed to pesticides in the city of Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro State. Method: cross-sectional study, conducted through a questionnaire. The collected data were typed in spreadsheet and processed in the R software. Results: the predominance of female participants, between 40 and 60 years old, married, with some elementary education was observed. Furthermore, the family labor and the production for their own consumption and trade prevail. Herbicide is the most widely used pesticide. Most informants present poisoning symptoms, as they do not use Personal Protective Equipment nor sunscreen. Breast cancer is the most frequent in families; among the participants, 31% had hypertension and 6.4% diabetes. Conclusion: a population vulnerable to environmental and occupational risks, specially the middle-aged group and women, sets up a profile marked by regional differences.

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. e46533
Author(s):  
Aline Cerqueira Santos ◽  
Fernanda Garcia Bezerra Góes ◽  
Fernanda Maria Vieira Pereira ◽  
Liliane Amazonas Camilo ◽  
Michelly Cristynne Souza Bonifácio ◽  
...  

Objetivo: analisar o perfil clínico epidemiológico de crianças admitidas na pediatria de um hospital público no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido com responsáveis de crianças admitidas na pediatria, através da aplicação de questionário. Resultados: 92 (100%) responsáveis participaram do estudo, dos quais, 57 (62,0%) não trabalham; 27 (29,4%) possuem quatro dependentes; 35 (38,0%) perfazem renda familiar de um salário mínimo. A maior proporção das crianças foi de lactentes, 47 (51,1%); com diagnóstico de afecção respiratória, 35 (38,0%). Conclusão: foi evidenciada associação entre determinantes sociais, sobretudo o socioeconômico, com o desenvolvimento de afecções respiratórias, especialmente em lactentes. Sugere-se que políticas direcionadas sejam intensificadas, não apenas para ação curativa, mas preventiva, através de educação em saúde direcionadas às famílias e aos responsáveis, visando reconhecer os fatores de risco para aquisição dessas doenças, bem como o reconhecimento dos sinais de gravidade.ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze clinical and epidemiologically profile of children admitted to pediatrics at a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro State. Method: this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted by applying a questionnaire to parents and guardians of children admitted to pediatrics. Results: 92 (100%) parents and guardians participated, 57 (62.0%) of whom were out of work; 27 (29.4%) had four dependents; 35 (38.0%) received family income of one minimum wage. The children were mostly infants (47; 51.1%) and diagnosed with a respiratory condition (35; 38.0%). Conclusion: an association was found between social determinants, especially socioeconomic factors, and the development of respiratory disorders, particularly in infants. It is recommended that specific policies, for not only curative care, but also prevention, be intensified by health education to enable families, parents and guardians to recognize the risk factors for such diseases, as well as the signs of severity.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los niños ingresados en pediatría en un hospital público del estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: este estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario a padres y tutores de niños ingresados en pediatría. Resultados: participaron 92 (100%) padres y tutores, de los cuales 57 (62,0%) estaban sin trabajo; 27 (29,4%) tenían cuatro dependientes; 35 (38,0%) recibieron ingresos familiares de un salario mínimo. Los niños eran en su mayoría bebés (47; 51,1%) y diagnosticados con una afección respiratoria (35; 38,0%). Conclusión: se encontró asociación entre los determinantes sociales, especialmente los socioeconómicos, y el desarrollo de trastornos respiratorios, particularmente en la infancia. Se recomienda que las políticas específicas, no solo de atención curativa, sino también de prevención, se intensifiquen mediante la educación en salud para que las familias, padres y tutores reconozcan los factores de riesgo de dichas enfermedades, así como los signos de gravedad.


2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana da Costa Fernandes ◽  
Luciana Fernandes Portela ◽  
Rosane Härter Griep ◽  
Lúcia Rotenberg

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess the association between weekly working hours and self-rated health of nurses in public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS A total of 3,229 nurses (82.7% of the eligible group) participated in this cross-sectional study, carried out between April 2010 and December 2011. The collection instrument consisted of a self-administered multidimensional questionnaire. The weekly working hours were calculated from a recall of the daily hours worked over seven consecutive days; this variable was categorized according to tertiles of distribution for men and women. The outcome of interest, self-rated health, was categorized into three levels: good (very good and good), regular, and poor (poor and very poor). The statistical analysis of the data included bivariate and multivariate analyses, having as reference group those with short working hours (first tertile). All the analyses were stratified by gender and elaborated using the program SPSS. RESULTS Among women, the group corresponding to the longest working week (more than 60.5 hours per week) were more likely to report regular self-rated health, compared with those with shorter working hours, after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 1.30; 95%CI 1.02–1.67). Among men, those with average working hours (49.5–70.5 hours per week) were more than twice as likely to rate their health as regular (OR = 2.17; 95%CI 1.08–4.35) compared to those with shorter working hours (up to 49.5 hours). There was no significant association between long working hours and poor self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS The results point to the urgent need to promote interventions in the organization of work and appreciation of the nursing profession, in order to reduce the number of multiple jobs and thus contribute to mitigate potential effects on the health of workers and the quality of care in hospitals.


2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216158
Author(s):  
Tami Sengoku ◽  
Tatsuro Ishizaki ◽  
Yoshihito Goto ◽  
Tomohide Iwao ◽  
Shosuke Ohtera ◽  
...  

BackgroundRecognising the importance of the social determinants of health, the Japanese government introduced a health management support programme targeted at type 2 diabetes (T2D) for public assistance recipients (PAR) in 2018. However, evidence of the T2D prevalence among PAR is lacking. We aimed to estimate T2D prevalence by age and sex among PAR, compared with the prevalence among health insurance enrollees (HIE). Additionally, regional differences in T2D prevalence among PAR were examined.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using 1-month health insurance claims of both PAR and HIE. The Fact-finding Survey data on Medical Assistance and the National Database of Health Insurance Claims data were used. T2D prevalence among PAR and HIE were assessed by age and sex, respectively. Moreover, to examine regional differences in T2D prevalence of inpatients and outpatients among PAR, T2D crude prevalence and age-standardised prevalence were calculated by prefecture. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was also conducted at the city level.ResultsT2D crude prevalence was 7.7% in PAR (inpatients and outpatients). Among outpatients, the prevalence was 7.5% in PAR and 4.1% in HIE, respectively. The mean crude prevalence and age-standardised prevalence of T2D (inpatients and outpatients) among 47 prefectures were 7.8% and 3.9%, respectively. In the city-level analysis, the OR for the prevalence of T2D by region ranged from 0.31 to 1.51.ConclusionThe prevalence of T2D among PAR was higher than HIE and there were regional differences in the prevalence of PAR. Measures to prevent the progression of diabetes among PAR by region are needed.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL-abed Ali AL-abed ◽  
Rosnah Sutan ◽  
Sami Abdo Radman Al-Dubai ◽  
Syed Mohamed Aljunid

Khat chewing is associated with unfavourable health outcomes and family dysfunction. Few studies have addressed the factors associated with khat chewing among Yemeni women. However, the family and husband effects on chewing khat by women have not been addressed. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of khat chewing among Yemeni women and its associated factors, particularly husbands and family factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 692 adult Yemeni women in the city of Sana’a in Yemen using structured “face to face” interviews. Mean (±SD) age of women was 27.3 years (±6.10). The prevalence of chewing khat by women was 29.6%. Factors associated with chewing khat among women were chewing khat by husbands (OR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.26, 2.53), being married (OR=2.0; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.37), frequent family social gatherings (OR=1.5; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.10), high family income (OR=1.57; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.21), larger house (OR=1.63; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.31), and age of women (OR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.92). It is concluded that khat chewing by women in this study was significantly associated with family factors and with khat chewing by their husbands. Urgent action is needed to control khat chewing particularly among women.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-248
Author(s):  
Luana Rosso ◽  
Mariá Vaz Franco Martins ◽  
Maria Tereza Soratto ◽  
Ivanir Prá da Silva Thomé ◽  
Rozilda Lopes de Souza

A sífilis é uma doença infecciosa sistêmica de evolução crônica e muitas vezes assintomática, transmitida principalmente por via sexual e vertical. O estudo em questão trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo de natureza quantitativa e documental, a coleta de dados se deu no Programa de Atenção Municipal as DST/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) do município de Criciúma, através de pesquisa documental com base nos dados da Vigilância Epidemiológico do SINAN com o objetivo de investigar os casos de sífilis congênita no município. Através da pesquisa pode-se perceber que entre os anos de 2015 e 2016 constatou 3,7% do total de casos pesquisados chegaram a óbito, dos RN nascidos com sífilis 51,9% foram assintomáticos e 3,8% sintomáticos, os demais não apresentaram características. Do total de gestantes, 66,6% realizou pré-natal e foram diagnosticadas a partir do mesmo, possibilitando o tratamento. Para que haja uma menor prevalência de casos de sífilis é necessário que os profissionais da saúde adotem, além das políticas públicas já disponíveis outros hábitos que levem ao alcance de todas as classes de gestantes, para evitar mais casos de sífilis.Palavras-chave: Gestantes. Sífilis Congênita. Recém-Nascidos. Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. CONGENITAL SYPHILIS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN THE CITY OF CRICIÚMA ABSTRACT: Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease of chronic evolution and often asymptomatic, transmitted mainly through sexual and vertical. The study in question it is a cross-sectional study, retrospective, descriptive quantitative and documentary nature, data collection took place in the Attention the Municipal STD/HIV/AIDS (PAMDHA) of the city of Criciúma, through documentary research based on Epidemiological Surveillance data from SINAN aiming to investigate the cases of congenital syphilis in the municipality. Through research you can notice that between the years 2015 and 2016 found 3.7% of total cases surveyed came to death, the RN born with syphilis 51.9% 3.8% were asymptomatic and symptomatic, the others did not show characteristics. Of the total of 66.6% pregnant women, prenatal and conducted were diagnosed from the same, allowing the treatment. So there is a lower prevalence of syphilis cases is necessary that health professionals adopt, in addition to the already available public policies other habits that lead to reach of all classes of pregnant women, to prevent more cases of syphilis.Keywords: Pregnant women. Congenital Syphilis. Newborns. Sexually Transmitted Infections.


2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Célia Cunha Ciaccia ◽  
Regina Célia Moreira ◽  
Marcílio Figueiredo Lemos ◽  
Isabel Takano Oba ◽  
Gilda Porta

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the serological markers anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs of hepatitis B and anti-HCV of hepatitis C among children and teenagers enrolled at daycare facilities, kindergartens and municipal elementary education network in the city of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 28 to December 14, 2007, in which 4,680 finger-prick blood samples were collected from children and teenagers. A survey questionnaire was applied to their family members. The sample was dimensioned using the software Epi Info version 6 with expected frequency of 1%, acceptable error of 0.5% and confidence interval of 95%. The serological tests were performed using the ELISA technique. The molecular analysis was performed using the technique of polymerase chain reaction in House. Results: Age of the studied population ranged from 7 months to 18 years and 1 month. The general prevalence of anti-HBc reagent was 0.1%, HBsAg was 0.02% and anti-HCV was 0.02%. Conclusions: In children, the general prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in the city of Santos was low when compared with literature data.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e035130
Author(s):  
Joana Nuno ◽  
Susana Fernandes ◽  
Teresa Rei Silva ◽  
Ana Catarina Guimarães ◽  
Bernardo Morais Pereira ◽  
...  

ObjectivesTo determine which modifiable and non-modifiable attributes patients prefer in a family physician, as well as to analyse participants’ characteristics associated with their choices.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFamily healthcare units (FHU) in the city of Braga and Barcelos (Northern Portugal).ParticipantsAdults aged 18 years or more, enrolled in the selected FHU.Main outcome measuresThe preferred attributes were assessed with a questionnaire delivered in the FHU. These attributes included gender, age and nationality and the importance of being Portuguese, of greeting with a handshake, of welcoming in the waiting area, of using an identification badge and of wearing a white coat.ResultsA total of 556 questionnaires were included in the analysis; 66% and 58% of the participants had no preference for the gender or age of the family physician, respectively. Using a multinomial logistic regression, male participants were 3.8 times more likely to have a preference for a male physician than having no preference, in comparison to female participants (OR 3.864, 95% CI 1.96 to 7.61). More than 69% of the participants considered greeting with a handshake, using an identification badge and wearing a white coat important or very important. There was a statistically significant association between being Portuguese and the major importance given to the use of an identification badge (β=0.68, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.12).ConclusionsOur data show that modifiable attributes of the family physician (greeting, presence of an identification badge and wearing a white coat) are important for patients. Potential changes in family physician attitude in consultation could ultimately affect patient–physician relationship.


Author(s):  
Wanessa Casteluber Lopes ◽  
Lucinéia de Pinho ◽  
Antônio Prates Caldeira ◽  
Angelina do Carmo Lessa

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the intake of ultra-processed foods by children under 24 months of age from the city of Montes Claros and identify factors associated with this consumption. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study with data collected from households through interviews. A questionnaire assessed the sociodemographic conditions of the family, maternal and child characteristics, and food consumption. We adopted a multivariate model to identify factors associated with the intake of ultra-processed foods. Results: A total of 545 children participated in this study, of whom 74.3% consumed some kind of ultra-processed food. The factors most strongly associated with this consumption were children older than six months, infants who were not breastfed, households with up to three residents, and the main caregiver of the child being someone other than the mother. Conclusions: Children under 24 months start consuming ultra-processed products at an early age, replacing foods considered natural and healthy. This study can contribute to guide health professionals in counseling families about feeding in the first years of life, emphasizing the proper introduction of complementary feeding and discouraging the consumption of ultra-processed products.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 203-205
Author(s):  
Debora Alves dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Francisco José de Freitas

Background: In 1966, the Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital – GGUH was incorporated into the Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro – UNIRIO. Since then the Homeopathy clinic has had it's service there. Since the creation of medical residency in Homeopathy in 2004, there has been a significant increase of treatment in the number of patients and also a significant increase in the inter-relationship with other specialists and hospital services. A wide variety of patients have been treated at the GGUH on a daily basis. Many patients have been examined and treated with homeopathy alone, while others were also examined in other specialties, making homeopathic treatment an adjunct to classical therapy and vice versa. Given the expressive number of medical consultations (around 2500/year), this outstanding result in our clinical and academic practice has created the relevance and need for the verification of the epidemiological profile of these patients. Epidemiological studies are needed to clearly show the population included in this hospital, which is considered to be a reference in the Brazilian Health System (SUS). Aims: To demonstrate the epidemiological and clinical homeopathic profile in the ambulatory of homeopathy at the Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital (GGUH) of the Federal University of the Staate of Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, Brazil. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of 140 medical records randomly selected from the ambulatory of homeopathy at GGUH. The sample represents 50% of the monthly average of the clinical service from January to October 2009. The medical records incorrectly completed for the data analysis were excluded. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 used to data collection and analysis. Results and Discussion: A total of 100 records were selected for analysis (71.4%). Average age: 50 years old, 69% being between 41 and 80 years old. Gender: 79% women and 21% men. Marital status: 46% married, 36% single, 10% divorced and 8% widowed. Color: 61% white, 31% colored and 8% black. Education: Only 12% obtained an undergratuadion degree. Groups of diseases: Group-01 (48%) high prevalence: 19% respiratory, 15% osteoarticular and 14% psychiatric; Group-02 (45%) medium prevalence: 11% gastrointestinal, 9% cardiovascular, 8% genitourinary, 6% neurological, 6% dermatologic and 5% endocrine; Group-03 (7%) low prevalence: 3% otological, 2% immunological, 1% oncological and 1% ophtalmological. 82% of the patients were treated solely with homeopathy and 18% with homeopathy and allopathy. Clinical-homeopathic diagnosis: 53% functional, 38% lesional; 9% sensorial. Constitutional diagnoses: 31% sulfuric, 25% phosphoric, 22% carbonic, 22% mixed. Miasmatic / diathesic diagnosis: 47% sycotic, 28% psoric, 12.5% mixed, 9.5% tuberculinic, 3% syphilinic. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of women over 50 years old with respiratory, osteoarticular and psychiatric diseases. Most of them had a sulfuric constitution and presented functional diseases of sycotic origin. Homeopathy was the most adopted treatment during the period studied. This knowledge led to the creation of the “Homeopathic Clinical Identification Summary” which is used in the GGUH ambulatory. Epidemiological and clinical data were extracted from this summary with the objective to construct clinical trials.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-253
Author(s):  
Yolima Judith Llorente ◽  
Beatriz Adriana Macea Tejada ◽  
Jorge Luis Herrera Herrera

Objective: To determine the level of depression in patients diagnosed with cancer in an IV level institution in Monteria, Colombia.Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. The Zung scale instrument for depression and a sociodemographic data card were applied in patients diagnosed with cancer, attending a specialized institution of IV level of complexity in the city of Monteria.Results: The most common cancers were: breast cancer 22.2%; and colon and uterus equal representation 18.2%. Regarding depression, 49.5% were slightly depressed; moderately depressed 15.7%; severely depressed 1% and normal range 33.8%. Cases of depression in their different categories according to the Zung scale were found in patients with colon and breast cancer.Conclusions: It was found that in total 65.2% of the patients had some degree of depression. Depression in patients with cancer is a common phenomenon in people with this condition and incidence is similar in men and women, in turn this depends on factors such as the type and severity of cancer, age and access to support networks both for the person and the family. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de depresión en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer en una institución de IV nivel en Montería, Colombia.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo. Se aplicó el instrumento escala de Zung para depresión y una cédula de datos sociodemográficos en pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer, asistentes a una Institución especializada de IV nivel de complejidad de la ciudad de Montería. Resultados: Los tipos de cáncer más comunes fueron: el de mama 22,2%; y colon y útero igual representación 18,2%. En cuanto a la depresión se encontró ligeramente deprimido 49,5%; moderadamente deprimido 15,7%; severamente deprimido 1% y rango normal 33,8%. Los casos de depresión en sus diferentes categorías según la escala de Zung fueron encontrados en pacientes con cáncer de colon y mama.Conclusiones: Se encontró que en total 65,2% de los pacientes presentaban algún grado de depresión. La depresión en pacientes con cáncer es un fenómeno común en las personas con este padecimiento e incidencia es similar en hombres y mujeres, a su vez esta depende de factores tales como el tipo y severidad del cáncer, la edad y el acceso a redes de apoyo tanto para la persona como a la familia.


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