scholarly journals Productivity and quality of juices from different genotypes of ‘Bordô’ grape (Vitis labrusca) in the Vale do Rio do Peixe -SC region

Revista CERES ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
Angélica Bender ◽  
André Luiz Kulkamp de Souza ◽  
Vinicius Caliari ◽  
Cristian Soldi ◽  
Leocir José Welter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Labrusca

Melatonin treatment improves the shelf-life and postharvest quality of table grape (Vitis labrusca L. cv. ‘Fengzao’)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-676
Author(s):  
Ya-Dan Sun ◽  
Da-Long Guo ◽  
Sheng-Di Yang ◽  
He-Cheng Zhang ◽  
Lei-Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Table Grapes

BACKGROUND: Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous indoleamine that regulates senescence progression and stress response in plants. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the effect of MT on the shelf-life and postharvest quality of table grapes (Vitis labrusca L. cv. ‘Fengzao’). METHODS: After harvesting, ‘Fengzao’ grapes were immersed in MT solution at various concentrations (0 [as control], 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM for 2 h and stored at 24±1 for 15 days. Physiological indicators including weight loss rate, firmness, contents of total soluble solids (TSSs), ascorbic acid (AsA), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated. Additionally, the DNA methylation rate of ‘Fengzao’ grapes were measured using the methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) technique. RESULTS: Application of MT effectively delayed grape senescence in all treatment groups compared with the control, with the longest delay observed in the 0.5 mM treatment. Additionally, the rate of DNA methylation decreased in all the 0.5 mM MT treatment groups, indicating a potential role of MT in demethylation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the exogenous application of MT can delay the senescence of grapes during postharvest.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds and Polyamines in Grape-Derived Beverages

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Hector Alonzo Gomez-Gomez ◽  
Igor Otavio Minatel ◽  
Cristine Vanz Borges ◽  
Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques ◽  
Evandro Tadeu da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Grape Juices

Isotopic analyses and chromatographic analysis (phenolic compounds and biogenic amines), can be applied to investigate the functional and nutritional quality in different grape juices and wines. These beverages when produced exclusively from grapes contain bioactive compounds. In this way, the isotopic analysis, as well as the determination of phenolic compounds and biogenic amines were performed with the aim of verify the functional quality of juices and wines produced with Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca grapes. The samples that were analyzed consisted of four whole juices, two nectars, two V. vinifera wines, and two V. labrusca wines. Regarding the isotopic analyses, only one nectar, among the beverages studied, presented the addition of sugar from C4 plants. Wines from V. vinifera showed the highest content of biogenic amines and phenols; whereas, the highest content of anthocyanins were found in V. labrusca. The levels of biogenic amines and phenolic compounds were variable between samples, and recommendations for consumers should be made considering several conditions, such as physiological state, age, consumption, among others. Anthocyanins and biogenic amines, as well as isotopic analyses, can be applied as tools to measure the quality of grape derived beverages.

scholarly journals Application of tamarind seed starch as edible coating in the post-harvest quality of grapes ‘Isabel’ (Vitis labrusca × Vitis vinifera L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 953-958
Author(s):  
Bárbara Genilze Figueiredo Lima Santos ◽  
Albert Einstein Mathias de Medeiros Teodosio ◽  
Railene Hérica Carlos Rocha Araújo ◽  
Elny Alves Onias ◽  
Agda Malany Forte de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Quality Aspects

The Isabel grape (Vitis labrusca × Vitis vinifera L.) is the most produced grape in Brazil, however, it has a short postharvest period due to rapid degradation during storage. The use of coating has been an alternative to prolong the shelf-life of fruits. The objective of this work was to evaluate the postharvest quality of 'Isabel' grapes coated with tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed starch. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments with edible coating based on tamarind seed starch, at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% and five replications. The grapes were immersed in the solutions with different concentrations and stored in B.O.D. at 12 ± 2 ° C and 85 ± 5% relative humidity for 12 days. Weight loss, color, pH, soluble solids, total titratable acidity, relationship between soluble solids and acidity, anthocyanins, flavonoids and vitamin C were evaluated. The 2% coating of tamarind seed starch was the most efficient, providing shelf life in 12-day grapes when stored at 12 ± 2 ° C and 85 ± 5% RH, and maintaining the main quality aspects, with higher SS / TA ratio and vitamin C.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
G. Lehmpfuhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Diffraction Spot ◽  
Crystal Thickness ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

Observability of Very Thick Specimen by Using Transmission Scanning Electron Microscope

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Thick Specimen ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.

The Current Situation in Chemical Stabilization of Biological Materials

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John H. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Chemical Stabilization ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Radio Telescopes

With information processing devices such as radio telescopes, microscopes or hi-fi systems, the quality of the output often is limited by distortion or noise introduced at the input stage of the device. This analogy can be extended usefully to specimen preparation for the electron microscope; fixation, which initiates the processing sequence, is the single most important step and, unfortunately, is the least well understood. Although there is an abundance of fixation mixtures recommended in the light microscopy literature, osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde are favored for electron microscopy. These fixatives react vigorously with proteins at the molecular level. There is clear evidence for the cross-linking of proteins both by osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde and cross-linking may be a necessary if not sufficient condition to define fixatives as a class.

Resistance Monitor and Control for Vacuum Evaporation of Metals and Carbon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe ◽  
J. Michael Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Evaporation Source ◽  
And Control ◽  
At Will

We have designed and built an electronic device which compares the resistance of a defined area of vacuum evaporated material with a variable resistor. When the two resistances are matched, the device automatically disconnects the primary side of the substrate transformer and stops further evaporation.This approach to controlled evaporation in conjunction with the modified guns and evaporation source permits reliably reproducible multiple Pt shadow films from a single Pt wrapped carbon point source. The reproducibility from consecutive C point sources is also reliable. Furthermore, the device we have developed permits us to select a predetermined resistance so that low contrast high-resolution shadows, heavy high contrast shadows, or any grade in between can be selected at will. The reproducibility and quality of results are demonstrated in Figures 1-4 which represent evaporations at various settings of the variable resistor.

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