scholarly journals IBA EFFICIENCY ON MINI-CUTTING ROOTING FROM TEAK (Tectona grandis Linn F.) CLONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485
Author(s):  
Yorleny Badilla ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Olman Murillo ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate IBA efficiency in mini-cuttings rooting based on four Tectona grandis clones. Vegetative samples were collected in a hydroponic mini-clonal hedge in Verde Novo reforestation company at Colider, Mato Grosso. A factorial arrangement (4 x 6) was utilized, based on Carapá, Ipê, GU5 and TB7 clones vs six IBA dosages (0, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 and 16000 mg L-1), in a randomized block design based on three repetitions and 16 mini-cuttings per experimental unit. Cutting evaluations were based on survival and rooting rates after greenhouse conditions, after shadow-house, and at sun exposure, besides, total height, collar diameter, aerial and root biomass were also analyzed. Results registered a 95,4% average survivance rate as well as a 91,8% rooting rate, considered as very high for this tree species. IBA dosages utilization did not produce a significative effect on rooting mini-cuttings from these investigated clones. However, there were different responses among clones, which suggests a genotypic effect.

scholarly journals STORAGE TIME EFFECT ON MINI-CUTTINGS ROOTING IN Tectona grandis LINN F. CLONES

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorleny Badilla ◽  
Aloisio Xavier ◽  
Olman Murillo Gamboa
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Greenhouse Culture ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the influence of storage length on Tectona grandis mini-cuttings survival and rooting. A factorial arrangement (4 x 7) was utilized, based on four clones (Carapá, Ipê, GU5 and TB7) and seven time intervals from mini-cuttings harvesting until final sowing (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 hours). A randomized block design with three replicates and 16 mini-cuttings per experimental unit was utilized. Survival and rooting rates were evaluated after greenhouse culture (30 days after sowing) and after shadow house culture (40 days after sowing); as well as height, collar diameter, aerial and root biomass 55 days after sowing. No significant differences were observed in survival and rooting rates among time intervals in teak mini-cuttings preparation from these four clones. However differences among clones were registered for rooting rate, suggesting a genotypic effect. Survival and rooting rates were very high after greenhouse culture (93% and 90% respectively), as well as survival after culture in a shadow-house (88%).

scholarly journals Size of Containers in the Production of Flamboyant Seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Aécio Busch ◽  
Joacir Mario Zuffo Júnior ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Destructive Measurement

The size of the container can affect the quality of the seedlings and, there is no recommendation of containers for the formation of flamboyant seedlings [Delonix regia (Bojerex Hook.) Raf]. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the production of flamboyant seedlings in different container sizes, besides performing trail analysis to identify the growth variables that characterize the quality of these seedlings. The experimental design was a randomized block design with seven container sizes (13 × 13 cm, 15 × 15 cm, 13 × 20 cm, 15 × 25 cm, 17 × 22 cm, 17 × 30 cm or 30 × 40 cm), with four replicates. Each experimental unit was composed of five containers, totaling 20 containers per treatment. The plant height, stem base diameter, number of leaves and the sturdiness quotient were measured at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days after emergence (DAE), and at 100 DAE were also measured the root volume, root dry matter, shoot dry matter, total dry matter, shoot/root dry matter ratio and Dickson quality index (DQI). The flamboyant seedlings have better grow when cultivated in polyethylene bags with size of 30 × 40 cm. The collar diameter, root volume, root dry matter, shoot dry matter and total dry matter are the most adequate variables to indicate the quality of flamboyant seedlings. However, because it is a rapid, simple and non-destructive measurement variable, the root collar diameter is more adequate to identify high-quality flamboyant seedlings.

scholarly journals Morphological descriptors for the characterization of teak clones (Tectona grandis L.f.) in plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. eRC02
Author(s):  
Jorge-L. Reategui-Betancourt ◽  
Daniele Aparecida-A. Arriel ◽  
Sidney-Fernando Caldeira ◽  
Antonio-Rioyei Higa ◽  
Paulo-C. Flôres-Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Clonal Test

Aim of study: The objective of this work was to identify possible morphological descriptors for teak clones, in order to support the cultivars protection process of this species.Area of study: This experiment was carried out in ‘São José dos Quatro Marcos’, Mato Grosso, midwest Brazil.Material and methods: A teak clonal test, assessing 18 clones, was evaluated at the ages of 29 and 41 months by means of 41 morphological characteristics, related mainly to the branches, leaves and trunk. The clonal test was established in a randomized block design composed by three blocks, each block containing 18 plots, one for each clone. Each plot had 36 plants, but only the innermost five individuals were selected and evaluated. The information was organized in a presence and absence matrix. Subsequently, genetic similarity measures were estimated, by means of the Jaccard index, and a clustering was performed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using the Arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method.Main results: A total of 26 and 28 morphological characteristic that exhibited DHS (distinction, homogeneity and stability) were identified at the ages of 29 and 41 months, respectively. Of these, 17 characteristics showed the same behavior at 29 and 41 months of age. However, it is important to emphasize that the evaluation must be performed under the same planting conditions in which these descriptors were developed.Research highlights: These 17 morphological characteristics can compose the list of potential morphological descriptors to be used in the process of teak clones/cultivars protection.Keywords: cultivars protection; morphological characteristics; distinction, homogeneity; stability.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters in a clonal test of Tectona grandis in Mato Grosso, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1417-1424
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Pereira ◽  
Sidney Fernando Caldeira ◽  
Daniele Aparecida Alvarenga Arriel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Clonal Test ◽  
Moderate Magnitude

Teak (Tectona grandis) is a high-value timber species in tropical regions. In Brazil, although teak has a high productivity, there are few studies related to its genetic improvement. This work aimed to estimate genetic parameters and evaluate potential gains of selection in a clonal test of teak installed in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimente is in a randomized block design, with five replications, 3x3 m spacing, 22 treatments, and plots with six individuals. At five years, the genotypes were evaluated for survival (S), tree total height (H) and girth at breast height (GBH). There was significance and feasibility of selection for S and GBH. For H, the result was not significant, indicating few gains with the selection. The genetic parameters of clonal mean heritabilities and accuracy were of moderate magnitude for S and GBH and low for H. To best of our knowledge, this is the first work that estimates genetic parameters in a clonal teak test in the field in Brazil.

scholarly journals 251 Evaluation of Condensed Algal Residue Solubles as an Ingredient in Cattle Finishing Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Calvin Gibbons ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
Galen E Erickson ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Algae Oil

Abstract Algae oil production for Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation yields a byproduct called Condensed Algal Residue Solubles (CARS; 25.4% DM, 19.3% CP, 8.3% Fat, 9.96% Na on DM basis), de-oiled algae cells with residual fermentation substrates. This study evaluated the use of CARS in feedlot finishing diets. Crossbreed steers, (n=480) were blocked and stratified by initial body weight (BW) into 4 blocks, and assigned randomly to treatments. Treatments were designed as a 2 x 3 factorial with 3 inclusions of CARS (0, 2.5, 5% of diet DM) and 2 different base diets representing Northern and Southern Great Plains diets. The Southern diets contained steam flaked corn and dry distillers grains while the Northern diets had dry rolled and high moisture corn with wet distillers grains. CARS replaced corn in both diets. All blocks were harvested after 148 days on feed. Performance data were analyzed as a randomized block design with CARS inclusion, base diet, and interactions as fixed effects, BW block as a random effect and pen (n=48) as the experimental unit. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test linear and quadratic effects of CARS inclusion. There were no significant interactions between CARS inclusion and diet type (P ≥ 0.49). Main effects of CARS indicated positive quadratic responses for carcass adjusted ADG, G:F, 12th rib back fat, yield grade (P < 0.01; increasing to 2.5% inclusion, decreasing at 5%) and hot carcass weight was both linear and quadratic (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≥ 0.06 respectively; 969, 977, 935 as CARS increased). Linear decrease in DMI, final adjusted BW and ribeye area (P ≤ 0.01) as CARS increased. Cattle fed the Southern diets had greater ADG and G:F compared to Northern diets (P < 0.01). Including 2.5% CARS in the diet improved feed efficiency in both Northern and Southern based feedlot diets.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different corn textures in dry grain or silage forms for piglets from 7 to 15 kg

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1757-1761
Author(s):  
José Vieira Neto ◽  
Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli ◽  
Elias Tadeu Fialho ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Nikolas de Oliveira Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Ensilage Corn

The objective of this study was to evaluate different textures and storage forms of corn in piglet diets. Two experiments were conducted, one of which tested digestibility of nutrients and the other diet performance. In the digestibility trial, 24 crossbred (Landrace X Large White) barrows with an initial weight of 18.7 ± 1.5 kg were used. They were kept in metabolic cages in a randomized block design using the factorial arrangement 2 X 2 (type of corn - dent and flint X type of storage - moist grain silage and dry grain) and six replicates, with one animal as the experimental unit. The values of metabolizable energy (ME) obtained were 3841 kcal of ME/kg of dry matter (DM) from dry corn, 3912 kcal of ME/kg of DM from moist corn, 4022 kcal of DM from ensiled dry corn and 3928 kcal of ME/kg of DM from ensiled humidity corn. The ensilage process increases the digestibility coefficient of dry matter and crude protein and increases the digestible energy of the diets, independent of the process form. The type of corn did not influence these variables. In the performance trial, 60 barrows (initial weight of 6.5 ± 1.5 kg) of the same stock were used during 28 days of post-weaning distributed in the same experimental design, with five replicates and three animals as the experimental unit. The treatments did not influence the daily weigh gain or the daily feed intake. The dentate corn and the ensilage process decreased the feed conversion of the independent form (no significant interaction). The substitution of dry for ensilage corn increased the digestibility of the nutrients in the diets and the feed conversion of the piglets from 7 to 15 kg. Dentate corn promotes best feed conversion in this phase.

scholarly journals Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Taynara G de Souza ◽  
Gleciane de L Benteo ◽  
Katiane SS Benett ◽  
Cleiton GS Benett
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
State University ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of beet plants irrigated with saline water and silicon application

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. E3113
Author(s):  
José Sebastião de Melo Filho ◽  
Toshik Iarley da Silva ◽  
Anderson Carlos de Melo Gonçalves ◽  
Leonardo Vieira de Sousa ◽  
Mario Leno Martins Véras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Although not considered an essential element, silicon can be used to increase crop productivity, especially under stress conditions. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the gas exchange of beet plants irrigated with saline water depending on the application of silicon. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 5 x 5 factorial, referring to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw): (0.5; 1.3; 3.25; 5.2 and 6.0 dS m-1) and five doses of silicon (0.00; 2.64; 9.08; 15.52 and 18.16 mL L-1), with six beet plants as an experimental unit. The effect of treatments on beet culture was evaluated at 30 and 60 days after irrigation with saline water from measurements of internal carbon concentration, stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis rate, instantaneous water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency using the LCpro+Sistem infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). Irrigation with saline water reduced the gas exchange of beet plants at 60 days after irrigation, but at 30 days after irrigation, the use of saline water increased stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and internal carbon concentration. The application of silicon decreased stomatal conductance, internal carbon concentration and efficiency in the use of water, but increased the rate of net photosynthesis, the rate of transpiration and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation at 30 and 60 days after irrigation.

scholarly journals DÉFICIT HÍDRICO NAS FASES VEGETATIVA E DE FLORAÇÃO DA PIMENTA ‘TABASCO’ EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Lígia Borges Marinho ◽  
José Antonio Frizzone ◽  
João Batista Tolentino Junior ◽  
Janaína Paulino ◽  
José Monteiro Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Start Up ◽  
E Mail

DÉFICIT HÍDRICO NAS FASES VEGETATIVA E DE FLORAÇÃO DA PIMENTA ‘TABASCO’ EM AMBIENTE PROTEGIDOLÍGIA BORGES MARINHO 1; JOSÉ ANTONIO FRIZZONE2; JOÃO BATISTA TOLENTINO JUNIOR3; JANAÍNA PAULINO4; JOSÉ MONTEIRO SOARES5 E FRANCISCO NOGUEIRA VILAÇA6*Artigo extraído da tese do primeiro autor1 Enga. Agrônoma, Doutora, Profa. Departamento Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, av. Edgard Chastinet, São Geraldo, CEP 48905-680, Juazeiro, BA. Fone (74) 3611-7363. E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas/Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CEP 13.418-900, Piracicaba/SP, E-mail(s): [email protected];3 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Campus Curitibanos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC. E-mail: [email protected] Enga. Agrícola, Doutora, Profa. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso UFMT, campus Sinop, Avenida Alexandre Ferronato Nº 1.200. Bairro: Setor Industrial. CEP: 78.550-000, Sinop-MT, Email: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Pesquisador EMBRAPA/CPATSA, BR 428, Km 152, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 23, CEP: 56310-000, Petrolina, PE, E-mail: [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre. Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas/Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CEP 13.418-900, Piracicaba/SP, E-mail: [email protected] RESUMOA escassez de recursos hídricos no Brasil tem impulsionado a demanda de manejo de irrigação mais eficiente nas propriedades agrícolas, visando reduzir o consumo de água e tornar o seu uso mais eficiente. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito do déficit hídrico em diferentes fases do cultivo da pimenteira na eficiência de uso de água, na produtividade e na qualidade da pimenta ‘Tabasco’ cultivada em ambiente protegido, durante os meses de setembro de 2009 a julho de 2010, no município de Piracicaba-SP. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com lâminas de irrigação de 40, 60, 80 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), inicializadas nas fases vegetativa e de floração. O déficit de irrigação influenciou a produtividade da pimenta e o mesmo não foi observado para a qualidade física da pimenta. A eficiência do uso da água da pimenta Tabasco não foi influenciada pelo déficit. Entretanto, o déficit hídrico inicializado na fase de floração permitiu economia de água de até 50,1% de água no ciclo de 208 dias após transplantio.Palavras-chave: Estresse hídrico, Capsicum frutescens, produtividade e qualidade do fruto.MARINHO, L. B.; FRIZZONE, J. A.; TOLENTINO JÚNIOR, J. B.; PAULINO, J.; SOARES, J. M.; VILAÇA, F. N.WATER DEFICIT APPLIED IN VEGETATIVE AND FLOWERING STAGE OF ‘TABASCO’ PEPPER IN GREENHOUSE2 ABSTRACTThe scarcity of water resources in Brazil has driven the management of demand for more efficient irrigation in farms in order to reduce water consumption and make its use more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water deficits’ effect at the vegetative and flowering stages of pepper in water use efficiency, yield and quality of pepper cv. 'Tabasco'(Capsicum frutescens) grown in a greenhouse from September 2009 to July 2010. The experiment was conducted as randomized block design with irrigation levels of 40, 60, 80 and 100% of Crop Evapotranspiration (ETc), beginning at vegetative and flowering stages. There was a significant effect of full and deficits irrigation started at vegetative and flowering stages on the fruit number per plant, and the linear model was the best fitted. The average of mass fruit per plant did not vary with the deficit, not even with the start up times. The deficit irrigation affected pepper productivity, yet it was not observed on the physical quality of fruits. The deficit irrigation (40% ETc) beginning at flowering stage allowed savings of up to 49.8% in water consumption in a cycle of 208 days after transplanting.Keywords: water stress, Capsicum frutescens, productivity and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Correction of soil compaction using wood ash in safflower crop

2019 ◽  
pp. 1375-1382
Author(s):  
Tulio Martinez Santos ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim Silva ◽  
Tonny José Araújo da Silva ◽  
Ana Paula Alves Barreto Damasceno
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
System Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Soil compaction is a big limitation to food production in agriculture. Wood ash is an agro-industrial residue generated by the burning of biomass in boilers for energy production. It can be used as a corrective agent and fertilizer of the soil. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the root system of safflower cultivated under bulk density levels and wood ash doses in dystrophic Oxisol. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with a randomized block design under a 5x5 factorial scheme composed of 5 wood ash doses (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g dm-3) and 5 bulk density levels (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 Mg m-3) with 4 replicates. The soil was collected from 0-0.20 m depth layer. Later it was incubated with the respective wood ash doses. Each experimental unit consisted of a pot made of three PVC (polyvinyl chloride) rings, in which the layers of 0.1-0.2 m were compacted. At 75 days after emergence, the plants were cut, their roots washed and the volume and dry mass checked. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and subsequent regression test, both at 5% probability. Soil densities negatively influenced the root system development and culture of safflower. Application of wood ash doses of 20 to 24 g dm-3 significantly improved root development of plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document